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Advanced CIDI Emission Control System Development
Ford Motor Company, with ExxonMobil and FEV, participated in the Department of Energy's (DOE) Ultra-Clean Transportation Fuels Program with the goal to develop an innovative emission control system for light-duty diesel vehicles. The focus on diesel engine emissions was a direct result of the improved volumetric fuel economy (up to 50%) and lower CO2 emissions (up to 25%) over comparable gasoline engines shown in Europe. Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) with aqueous urea as the NOx reductant and a Catalyzed Diesel Particulate Filter (CDPF) were chosen as the primary emission control system components. The program expected to demonstrate more than 90% durable reduction in particulate matter (PM) and NOx emissions on a light-duty truck application, based on the FTP-75 drive cycle. Very low sulfur diesel fuel (<15 ppm-wt) enabled lower PM emissions, reduced fuel economy penalty due to the emission control system and improved long-term system durability. Significant progress was made toward a durable system to meet Tier 2 Bin 5 emission standards on a 6000 lbs light-duty truck. A 40% reduction in engine-out NOx emissions was achieved with a mid-size prototype diesel engine through engine recalibration and increased exhaust gas recirculation. Use of a rapid warm-up strategy and urea SCR …
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Lambert, Christine
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 358, Ed. 1 Wednesday, May 31, 2006
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Bush, Michael
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Analytic Expressions for Minimizing Hohlraum Wall Losses
We apply our recent analytic solutions to the radiation diffusion equation to problems of interest for ICF hohlraums. The solutions provide quantitative values for absorbed energy, which are of use for generating a desired radiation temperature vs. time within the hohlraum. In particular we use analytic fits to the Rosseland mean opacity and to the specific heat of combinations of materials (''cocktails'') designed to maximize the former while minimizing the latter. By doing so we find good agreement with numerical simulations and with experimental results. In particular we find that the wall loss savings of cocktails vs. the standard gold walled hohlraums have both pulse-length and temperature dependencies. Due to those dependencies we predict that NIF cocktail hohlraums will perform better than present day cocktail experiments. In addition, we apply our solutions to finding that density of foam hohlraum walls which minimizes wall loss by being of sufficiently low density to be supersonic, thus reducing kinetic energy losses, yet high enough density to not unduly suffer from enhanced specific heat capacity.
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Rosen, M. D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analytic Methods for Minimizing Hohlraum Wall Losses and the Problem of Oxygen Contamination
The authors wish to minimize ICF hohlraum wall loss, E, in order to operate the National Ignition Facility (NIF) far from its damage threshold and still provide the capsule with the drive it requires to reach ignition. In this paper they consider cocktail walls--a mixture of materials that can improve on the conventional pure Au walls. they use Hammer and Rosen (HR) (2003) which solved the radiation diffusion/hydrodynamics problem analytically. They take Au's T, {rho} dependencies of {kappa} (opacity) and e (specific heat) to be: {kappa} = {kappa}{sub 0} {rho}{sup 0.2}/T{sup 1.5} and e = e{sub 0}T{sup 1.6}/{rho}{sup 0.14}.
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Rosen, M. D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analyzing the Effects of Temporal Wind Patterns on the Value ofWind-Generated Electricity at Different Sites in California and theNorthwest
Wind power production varies on a diurnal and seasonal basis. In this report, we use wind speed data modeled by TrueWind Solutions, LLC (now AWS Truewind) to assess the effects of wind timing on the value of electric power from potential wind farm locations in California and the Northwest. (Data from this dataset are referred to as ''TrueWind data'' throughout this report.) The intra-annual wind speed variations reported in the TrueWind datasets have not previously been used in published work, however, so we also compare them to a collection of anemometer wind speed measurements and to a limited set of actual wind farm production data. The research reported in this paper seeks to answer three specific questions: (1) How large of an effect can the temporal variation of wind power have on the value of wind in different wind resource areas? (2) Which locations are affected most positively or negatively by the seasonal and diurnal timing of wind speeds? (3) How compatible are wind resources in the Northwest and California with wholesale power prices and loads in either region? The latter question is motivated by the fact that wind power projects in the Northwest could sell their output into California …
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Fripp, Matthias & Wiser, Ryan
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 85, No. 201, Ed. 1 Wednesday, May 31, 2006
Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Cash, Wanda Garner
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The California Greenhouse Gas Initiative and Its Implications to the Automotive Industry
CAR undertook this investigation to better understand the costs and challenges of a local (state) regulation necessitating the implementation of alternative or advanced powertrain technology. CAR will attempt to add insight into the challenges that local regulations present to the automotive industry, and to contribute further to the discussion of how advanced powertrain technology may be used to meet such regulation. Any local law that (directly or indirectly) affects light duty motor vehicle fuel economy creates what in effect is a specialty market for powertrain technology. As such these small markets present significant challenges for automotive manufacturers. First, a small market with unique standards presents significant challenges to an industry that has sustained growth by relying on large volumes to achieve scale economies and deliver products at a cost acceptable to the consumer. Further, the challenges of the additional technology make it likely that any powertrain capable of meeting the stringent emissions standards will include costly additional components, and thus will be more costly to manufacture. It is likely that manufacturers would consider the following actions as steps to deliver products to meet the pending California regulatory requirements anticipated as a result of prior California legislation: (1) Substituting more fuel …
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Smith, B. C.; Miller, R. T. & Research, Center for Automotive
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Carnival 2006 information packet]
A document collecting information relating to the 2006 Carnival event hosted by the UNT Multicultural Center. There is a letter announcing the upcoming event, papers with general event information, a sign-up sheet for booths focused on specific countries, black and white versions of the documents, pages with flag collages, and a flier for booth sponsors.
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
University of North Texas. Multicultural Center.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cherokeean Herald (Rusk, Tex.), Vol. 157, No. 15, Ed. 1 Wednesday, May 31, 2006
Weekly newspaper from Rusk, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Whitehead, Marie
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Collection Planning Guidelines
This report is part of the Web-at-Risk project. The Web-at-Risk project is developing a Web Archiving Service (WAS) that will enable the project's partner institutions to act as archive agencies that will assist the project's curators in building and managing archived collections of web-published materials.
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Murray, Kathleen R. & Hsieh, Inga K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Colloid-Facilitated Transport of Radionuclides through the Vadose Zone
This project seeks to improve the basic understanding of the role of colloids in facilitating the transport of contaminants in the vadose zone. We focus on three major thrusts: (1) thermodynamic stability and mobility of colloids formed by reactions of sediments with highly alkaline tank waste solutions, (2) colloid-contaminant interactions, and (3) in-situ colloid mobilization and colloid facilitated contaminant transport occurring in both contaminated and uncontaminated Hanford sediments.
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Flury, Markus; Harsh, James B.; Zachara, John M.; McCarthy, John F. & Lichtner, Peter C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Colony Courier-Leader (The Colony, Tex.), Vol. 25, No. 17, Ed. 1 Wednesday, May 31, 2006
Weekly newspaper from The Colony, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Crimmins, Blaine
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Cooperative Threat Reduction: DOD Needs More Reliable Data to Better Estimate the Cost and Schedule of the Shchuch'ye Facility
A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Until destroyed, Russia's stockpile of chemical weapons remains a proliferation threat, vulnerable to theft and diversion. Since 1992, Congress has authorized the Department of Defense (DOD) to provide more than $1 billion for the Cooperative Threat Reduction (CTR) program to help the Russian Federation construct a chemical weapons destruction facility (CWDF) at Shchuch'ye to eliminate about 14 percent of its stockpile. Over the past several years, DOD has faced numerous challenges that have increased the estimated cost of the facility from about $750 million to more than $1 billion and delayed the facility's operation from 2006 until 2009. DOD has attributed the increase cost and schedule to a variety of factors. In this report, we (1) assess the facility's progress, schedule, and cost and (2) review the status of Russia's efforts to destroy all of its chemical weapons."
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Crack growth rates of nickel alloy welds in a PWR environment.
In light water reactors (LWRs), vessel internal components made of nickel-base alloys are susceptible to environmentally assisted cracking. A better understanding of the causes and mechanisms of this cracking may permit less conservative estimates of damage accumulation and requirements on inspection intervals. A program is being conducted at Argonne National Laboratory to evaluate the resistance of Ni alloys and their welds to environmentally assisted cracking in simulated LWR coolant environments. This report presents crack growth rate (CGR) results for Alloy 182 shielded-metal-arc weld metal in a simulated pressurized water reactor (PWR) environment at 320 C. Crack growth tests were conducted on 1-T compact tension specimens with different weld orientations from both double-J and deep-groove welds. The results indicate little or no environmental enhancement of fatigue CGRs of Alloy 182 weld metal in the PWR environment. The CGRs of Alloy 182 in the PWR environment are a factor of {approx}5 higher than those of Alloy 600 in air under the same loading conditions. The stress corrosion cracking for the Alloy 182 weld is close to the average behavior of Alloy 600 in the PWR environment. The weld orientation was found to have a profound effect on the magnitude of crack growth: …
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Alexandreanu, B.; Chopra, O. K.; Shack, W. J. & Technology, Energy
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Data Quality: Expanded Use of Key Dissemination Practices Would Further Safeguard the Integrity of Federal Statistical Data
A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "In 2003, the Bureau of the Census (Bureau) changed the day and location of the release of its Income and Poverty Estimates. Some data users believed the change was an effort to suppress unfavorable news and questioned the Bureau's data dissemination practices. GAO was asked to assess whether (1) the Bureau adhered to its dissemination practices for the 2003 and later releases, and (2) the Bureau and 13 other federal statistical agencies follow data release practices recommended by the National Research Council (NRC). GAO reviewed the Bureau's dissemination process for the 2003 thru 2005 Income and Poverty Estimates."
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Defense: FY2007 Authorization and Appropriations
The House passed its version of the FY2007 defense authorization bill, H.R. 5122, on May 11. The bill authorizes $513 billion for national defense, including $50 billion in emergency funding for operations in Iraq and elsewhere in the first months of the fiscal year. The Senate Armed Services Committee marked up its version of the bill, S. 2766, on May 4. It also authorizes $513 billion, including emergency funding. Senate floor action appears likely in June. House subcommittee markup of the defense appropriations bill is tentatively scheduled for June 7.
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Daggett, Stephen
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Defense Management: Actions Needed to Improve Operational Planning and Visibility of Costs for Ballistic Missile Defense
A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Department of Defense (DOD) has spent about $91 billion since the mid-1980s to develop a capability to destroy incoming ballistic missiles. In 2002, recognizing the new security environment after the September 11 attacks, President Bush directed that an initial set of defensive ballistic missile capabilities be put in place in 2004. Although DOD is developing the Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS) to meet an urgent need, preparing to operate and support a system under continuous development poses significant challenges. GAO was asked to assess the extent to which (1) DOD has made progress in planning to operate the BMDS, and (2) the Future Years Defense Program (FYDP) provides complete and transparent data on BMDS operational costs."
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Defense Procurement: Full Funding Policy - Background, Issues, and Options for Congress
The full funding policy is a federal budgeting rule imposed on DOD by Congress in the 1950s that requires the entire procurement cost of a weapon or piece of military equipment to be funded in the year in which the item is procured. Although technical in nature, the policy relates to Congress’ power of the purse and its responsibility for conducting oversight of Department of Defense (DOD) programs. Support for the policy has been periodically reaffirmed over the years by Congress, the Government Accountability Office, and DOD.
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
O'Rourke, Ronald & Daggett, Stephen
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Department of Energy, Office of Worker Advocacy: Deficient Controls Led to Millions of Dollars in Improper and Questionable Payments to Contractors
A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000 (EEOICPA) authorized the Department of Energy (Energy) to help its former contractor employees file state workers' compensation claims for illnesses that could be linked to exposure to toxic substances during their employment. Concerned with the relatively small number of finalized cases and the overall effectiveness of the program, Congress asked GAO to review costs incurred by Energy to administer the program. Specifically, Congress asked GAO to determine whether (1) internal controls over program payments were adequately designed to provide reasonable assurance that improper payments to contractors would not be made or would be detected in the normal course of business and (2) program payments were properly supported as a valid use of government funds."
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Deposit Summary
Deposit of $150.00 made on May 31, 2006.
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Detection of Periodic Beacon Loads in Electrical Distribution Substation Data
This research explores methods for identifying a whether a load is sending a signal to the utility SCADA system. Such a system can identify whether various loads are signialing using existing SCADA infrastructure, that is, without added, high cost communications infrastructure.
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Hammerstrom, Donald J.; Guttromson, Ross T.; Lu, Ning; Boyd, Paul A.; Trudnowski, Daniel; Chassin, David P. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Developing Innovative Wall Systems that Improve Hygrothermal Performance of Residential Buildings
This document serves as the Topical Report documenting work completed by Washington State University (WSU) under U.S. Department of Energy Grant, Developing Innovative Wall Systems that Improve Hygrothermal Performance of Residential Buildings. This project was conducted in collaboration with Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), and includes the participation of several industry partners including Weyerhaeuser, APA - The Engineered Wood Association, CertainTeed Corporation and Fortifiber. This document summarizes work completed by Washington State University August 2002 through June 2006. WSU's primary experimental role is the design and implementation of a field testing protocol that monitored long term changes in the hygrothermal response of wall systems. During the project period WSU constructed a test facility, developed a matrix of test wall designs, constructed and installed test walls in the test facility, installed instrumentation in the test walls and recorded data from the test wall specimens. Each year reports were published documenting the hygrothermal response of the test wall systems. Public presentation of the results was, and will continue to be, made available to the building industry at large by industry partners and the University.
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Tichy, Robert & Murray, Chuck
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development and Evaluation of Nanoscale Sorbents for Mercury Capture from Warm Fuel Gas
Several different types of nanocrystalline metal oxide sorbents were synthesized and evaluated for capture of mercury (Hg) from coal-gasifier warm fuel gas. Detailed experimental studies were carried out to understand the fundamental mechanism of interaction between mercury and nanocrystalline sorbents over a range of fuel gas conditions. The metal oxide sorbents evaluated in this work included those prepared by GTI's subcontractor NanoScale Materials, Inc. (NanoScale) as well as those prepared in-house. These sorbents were evaluated for mercury capture in GTI's Mercury Sorbent Testing System. Initial experiments were focused on sorbent evaluation for mercury capture in N{sub 2} stream over the temperature range 423-533 K. These exploratory studies demonstrated that NanoActive Cr{sub 2}O{sub 3} along with its supported form was the most active of the sorbent evaluated. The capture of Hg decreased with temperature, which suggested that physical adsorption was the dominant mechanism of Hg capture. Desorption studies on spent sorbents indicated that a major portion of Hg was attached to the sorbent by strong bonds, which suggested that Hg was oxidized by the O atoms of the metal oxides, thus forming a strong Hg-O bond with the oxide. Initial screening studies also indicated that sulfided form of CuO/alumina was the …
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Jadhav, Raja A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of Next Generation Multiphase Pipe Flow Prediction Tools
The developments of oil and gas fields in deep waters (5000 ft and more) will become more common in the future. It is inevitable that production systems will operate under multiphase flow conditions (simultaneous flow of gas, oil and water possibly along with sand, hydrates, and waxes). Multiphase flow prediction tools are essential for every phase of hydrocarbon recovery from design to operation. Recovery from deep-waters poses special challenges and requires accurate multiphase flow predictive tools for several applications, including the design and diagnostics of the production systems, separation of phases in horizontal wells, and multiphase separation (topside, seabed or bottom-hole). It is crucial for any multiphase separation technique, either at topside, seabed or bottom-hole, to know inlet conditions such as flow rates, flow patterns, and volume fractions of gas, oil and water coming into the separation devices. Therefore, the development of a new generation of multiphase flow predictive tools is needed. The overall objective of the proposed study is to develop a unified model for gas-oil-water three-phase flow in wells, flow lines, and pipelines to predict flow characteristics such as flow patterns, phase distributions, and pressure gradient encountered during petroleum production at different flow conditions (pipe diameter and inclination, …
Date:
May 31, 2006
Creator:
Sarica, Cem & Zhang, Holden
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library