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Acoustic Detecting and Locating Gas Pipe Line Infringement Quarterly Report: Number 9
The extensive network of high-pressure natural gas transmission pipelines covering the United States provides an important infrastructure for our energy independence. Early detection of pipeline leaks and infringements by construction equipment, resulting in corrosion fractures, presents an important aspect of our national security policy. The National Energy Technology Laboratory Strategic Center for Natural Gas (SCVG) is and has been funding research on various applicable techniques. The WVU research team has focused on monitoring pipeline background acoustic signals generated and transmitted by gas flowing through the gas inside the pipeline. In case of a pipeline infringement, any mechanical impact on the pipe wall, or escape of high-pressure gas, generates acoustic signals traveling both up and down stream through the gas. Sudden changes in flow noise are detectable with a Portable Acoustic Monitoring Package (PAMP), developed under this contract. It incorporates a pressure compensating microphone and a signal- recording device. Direct access to the gas inside the line is obtained by mounting such a PAMP, with a 1/2 inch NPT connection, to a pipeline pressure port found near most shut-off valves. An FFT of the recorded signal subtracted by that of the background noise recorded one-second earlier appears to sufficiently isolate the …
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Loth, John L.; Morris, Gary J.; Palmer, George M.; Guiler, Richard & Browning, Patrick
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 106, No. 182, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 31, 2004
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Andrews, Mike
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Alvin Sun-Advertiser (Alvin, Tex.), Vol. 114, No. 86, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 31, 2004
Weekly newspaper from Alvin, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Schwind, Jim & Looby, Edward
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Science Plan
The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program has matured into one of the key programs in the U.S. Climate Change Science Program. The ARM Program has achieved considerable scientific success in a broad range of activities, including site and instrument development, atmospheric radiative transfer, aerosol science, determination of cloud properties, cloud modeling, and cloud parameterization testing and development. The focus of ARM science has naturally shifted during the last few years to an increasing emphasis on modeling and parameterization studies to take advantage of the long time series of data now available. During the next 5 years, the principal focus of the ARM science program will be to: Maintain the data record at the fixed ARM sites for at least the next five years. Improve significantly our understanding of and ability to parameterize the 3-D cloud-radiation problem at scales from the local atmospheric column to the global climate model (GCM) grid square. Continue developing techniques to retrieve the properties of all clouds, with a special focus on ice clouds and mixed-phase clouds. Develop a focused research effort on the indirect aerosol problem that spans observations, physical models, and climate model parameterizations. Implement and evaluate an operational methodology to calculate broad-band heating …
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Ackerman, T
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 83, No. 332, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 31, 2004
Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Cash, Wanda Garner
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership Quarterly Report: July-September 2004
The Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership, led by Montana State University, is comprised of research institutions, public entities and private sectors organizations, and the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes and the Nez Perce Tribe. Efforts under this Partnership fall into four areas: evaluation of sources and carbon sequestration sinks; development of GIS-based reporting framework; designing an integrated suite of monitoring, measuring, and verification technologies; and initiating a comprehensive education and outreach program. At the first two Partnership meetings the groundwork was put in place to provide an assessment of capture and storage capabilities for CO{sub 2} utilizing the resources found in the Partnership region (both geological and terrestrial sinks), that would complement the ongoing DOE research. During the third quarter, planning efforts are underway for the next Partnership meeting which will showcase the architecture of the GIS framework and initial results for sources and sinks, discuss the methods and analysis underway for assessing geological and terrestrial sequestration potentials. The meeting will conclude with an ASME workshop. The region has a diverse array of geological formations that could provide storage options for carbon in one or more of its three states. Likewise, initial estimates of terrestrial sinks indicate a vast potential …
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Capalbo, Susan M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
COMPREHENSIVE DIAGNOSTIC AND IMPROVEMENT TOOLS FOR HVAC-SYSTEM INSTALLATIONS IN LIGHT COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
Proctor Engineering Group, Ltd. (PEG) and Carrier-Aeroseal LLP performed an investigation of opportunities for improving air conditioning and heating system performance in existing light commercial buildings. Comprehensive diagnostic and improvement tools were created to address equipment performance parameters (including airflow, refrigerant charge, and economizer operation), duct-system performance (including duct leakage, zonal flows and thermal-energy delivery), and combustion appliance safety within these buildings. This investigation, sponsored by the National Energy Technology Laboratory, a division of the U.S. Department of Energy, involved collaboration between PEG and Aeroseal in order to refine three technologies previously developed for the residential market: (1) an aerosol-based duct sealing technology that allows the ducts to be sealed remotely (i.e., without removing the ceiling tiles), (2) a computer-driven diagnostic and improvement-tracking tool for residential duct installations, and (3) an integrated diagnosis verification and customer satisfaction system utilizing a combined computer/human expert system for HVAC performance. Prior to this work the aerosol-sealing technology was virtually untested in the light commercial sector--mostly because the savings potential and practicality of this or any other type of duct sealing had not been documented. Based upon the field experiences of PEG and Aeroseal, the overall product was tailored to suit the skill sets …
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Conant, Abram; Modera, Mark; Pira, Joe; Proctor, John & Gebbie, Mike
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Corrosion Monitoring System
The Corrosion Monitoring System (CMS) program developed and demonstrated a continuously on-line system that provides real-time corrosion information. The program focused on detecting pitting corrosion in its early stages. A new invention called the Intelligent Ultrasonic Probe (IUP) was patented on the program. The IUP uses ultrasonic guided waves to detect small defects and a Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique (SAFT) algorithm to provide an image of the pits. Testing of the CMS demonstrated the capability to detect pits with dimensionality in the sub-millimeter range. The CMS was tested in both the laboratory and in a pulp and paper industrial plant. The system is capable of monitoring the plant from a remote location using the internet.
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Braunling, Russ
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Deep Blue No.2 Geothermal Test Well GRED II Phase II - Drilling Report
Geothermal slim well driling
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Fairbank, Brian; Niggemann, Kim & Technology), Susan Petty (Black Mountain
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
DEVELOPING STATE POLICIES SUPPORTIVE OF BIOENERGY DEVELOPMENT
Working within the context of the Southern States Biobased Alliance (SSBA) and with officials in each state, the Southern States Energy Board (SSEB) is identifying bioenergy-related policies and programs within each state to determine their impact on the development, deployment or use of bioenergy. In addition, SSEB will determine which policies have impacted industry's efforts to develop, deploy or use biobased technologies or products. As a result, SSEB will work with the Southern States Biobased Alliance to determine how policy changes might address any negative impacts or enhance positive impacts. In addition to analysis of domestic policies and programs, this project will include the development of a U.S.-Brazil Biodiesel Pilot Project. The purpose of this effort is to promote and facilitate the commercialization of biodiesel and bioenergy production and demand in Brazil.
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Baskin, Kathryn
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of On-line Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates Quarterly Report
In this quarter, we have finished construction of the first field deployable multi-wavelength PM measurement system. This system is retrofit from the system that we designed and tested in the lab, and by adding light blocking covers and rugged electronic boxes, we are now testing the instrument in our industrial collaborator's site with a turbine power generator. We are collecting data on PM emissions from the engine under different load conditions and fuel/air mixing ratios.
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Wu, Sheng; Palm, Steve; Tang, Yongchun & Goddard, William A., III
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Diagnostic Analysis of Silicon Strips Detector Readout in the ATLAS Semi-Conductor Tracker Module Production
The ATLAS Semi-Conductor Tracker (SCT) Collaboration is currently in the production phase of fabricating and testing silicon strips modules for the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider being built at the CERN laboratory in Geneva, Switzerland. A small but relevant percentage of ICs developed a new set of defects after being mounted on hybrids that were not detected in the wafer screening. To minimize IC replacement and outright module failure, analysis methods were developed to study IC problems during the production of SCT modules. These analyses included studying wafer and hybrid data correlations to finely tune the selection of ICs and tests to utilize the ability to adjust front-end parameters of the IC in order to reduce the rejection and replacement rate of fabricated components. This paper will discuss a few examples of the problems encountered during the production of SCT hybrids and modules in the area of ICs performance, and will demonstrate the value of the flexibility built into the ABCD3T chip.
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Ciocio, Alessandra & Collaboration, ATLAS SCT
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Dose Rate Calibration of a Commercial Beta-Particle Irradiator Used in Archeological and Geological Dating
None
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Bernal, S. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Dose Rate Calibration of a Commercial Beta-Particle Irradiator Used In Archeological and Geological Dating
The 801E Multiple Sample Irradiator, manufactured by Daybreak Nuclear Systems, is capable of exposing up to 30 samples to beta radiation by placing each sample one by one directly beneath a heavily shielded ceramic Sr-90/Y-90 source and opening a specially designed shutter. Daybreak Nuclear Systems does not provide the {sup 90}Sr/{sup 90}Y dose rate to the sample because of variations of up to 20% in the nominal activity of the beta sources (separately manufactured by AEA Technology). Thus it is left to the end user to determine. Here aluminum oxide doped with carbon (Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}:C), in the form of Landauer's Luxel{trademark}, was irradiated to different known doses using a calibrated {sup 90}Sr/{sup 90}Y beta particle irradiator, and the OSL signal monitored after each irradiation to generate a calibration curve. Comparison of the OSL Signal from the unknown 801E Irradiator dose with the calibration curve enabled the dose and therefore dose rate to be determined. The timing accuracy of the 801E Irradiator was also evaluated and found to be +/- 0.5 seconds. The dose rate of the beta source was found to be 0.147 +/- 0.007 Gy/s.
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Bernal, S. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Enhancement of Terrestrial Carbon Sinks through the Reclamation of Abandoned Mined Lands
This project will determine the optimal forest management method to employ for each of the major commercial tree species so that profitability of timber production only or the combination of timber production and carbon sequestration is maximized. The goal of this project is to achieve DOE's long-term cost goal of sequestering carbon at $10 or less per ton. Because the potential of a forest ecosystem to sequester carbon depends on the species, site quality and management regimes utilized, this project will determine how to optimize carbon sequestration by determining how to optimally manage each species, given a range of site qualities and economic variables. This project also will determine the effects of a carbon credit market on the method and profitability of forest management, the cost of sequestering carbon, and the amount of carbon that can be sequestered. Information from this project will be used to produce user-friendly manuals which will contain economic and biological data for each of the species. These manuals will inform landowners and forest managers how to manage forests for timber and/or carbon credits, how to maximize financial returns, how much money can be earned, and how much carbon can be stored. Manuals will be disseminated …
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Kronrad, Gary
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Barrier Coatings for the Energy Efficient Heat Engines Program
This program aimed to develop a fundamental understanding of the microstructural, mechanical, and chemical properties of Ta{sub 2}O{sub 5}-based coatings for Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} (AS800) substrates and optimize such coatings for environmental barriers. The program consisted of three tasks: processing of Ta{sub 2}O{sub 5} coatings, phase and microstructural development, and life-limiting phenomena. Northwestern University formed a cross-functional team with Lehigh University, Honeywell Inc., and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The major accomplishments are: (1) Conditions for the plasma spray of Ta{sub 2}O{sub 5} and its alloys were optimized to provide maximum density and thickness. (2) Adherent small particle plasma spray coatings of Ta{sub 2}O{sub 5} can be routinely prepared. (3) Ta{sub 2}O{sub 5} can be stabilized against its disruptive phase transformation to 1400 C by the addition of one or more oxides of Al, La, and/or Nb. (4) Residual stresses in the Ta{sub 2}O{sub 5} coatings were measured using X-rays and changed with thermal exposure. (5) Properly doped coatings are more resistant against thermal cycling than undoped coatings, and can be cycled many thousand times without spallation. (6) Water vapor testing in the ORNL Keiser Rig of adherent coatings showed that undoped Ta{sub 2}O{sub 5} is not an effective barrier at …
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Faber, Katherine
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
EVALUATION OF MERCURY EMISSIONS FROM COAL-FIRED FACILITIES WITH SCR AND FGD SYSTEMS
CONSOL Energy Inc., Research & Development (CONSOL), with support from the U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE) is evaluating the effects of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) on mercury (Hg) capture in coal-fired plants equipped with an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) - wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) combination or a spray dyer absorber--fabric filter (SDA-FF) combination. In this program CONSOL is determining mercury speciation and removal at 10 coal-fired facilities. The objectives are (1) to evaluate the effect of SCR on mercury capture in the ESP-FGD and SDA-FF combinations at coal-fired power plants, (2) evaluate the effect of catalyst degradation on mercury capture; (3) evaluate the effect of low load operation on mercury capture in an SCR-FGD system, and (4) collect data that could provide the basis for fundamental scientific insights into the nature of mercury chemistry in flue gas, the catalytic effect of SCR systems on Hg speciation and the efficacy of different FGD technologies for Hg capture. This document, the second in a series of topical reports, describes the results and analysis of mercury sampling performed on a 330 MW unit burning a bituminous coal containing 1.0% sulfur. The unit is equipped with a SCR system for …
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Withum, J. A.; Tseng, S. C. & Locke, J. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Excess Foundry Sand Characterization and Experimental Investigation in Controlled Low-Strength Material and Hot-Mixing Asphalt
This report provides technical data regarding the reuse of excess foundry sand. The report addresses three topics: (1) a statistically sound evaluation of the characterization of foundry sand, (2) a laboratory investigation to qualify excess foundry sand as a major component in controlled low-strength material (CLSM), and (3) the identification of the best methods for using foundry sand as a replacement for natural aggregates for construction purposes, specifically in asphalt paving materials. The survival analysis statistical technique was used to characterize foundry sand over a full spectrum of general chemical parameters, metallic elements, and organic compounds regarding bulk analysis and leachate characterization. Not limited to characterization and environmental impact, foundry sand was evaluated by factor analyses, which contributes to proper selection of factor and maximization of the reuse marketplace for foundry sand. Regarding the integration of foundry sand into CLSM, excavatable CLSM and structural CLSM containing different types of excess foundry sands were investigated through laboratory experiments. Foundry sand was approved to constitute a major component in CLSM. Regarding the integration of foundry sand into asphalt paving materials, the optimum asphalt content was determined for each mixture, as well as the bulk density, maximum density, asphalt absorption, and air voids …
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Tikalsky, Pauul J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Express-Star (Chickasha, Okla.), Ed. 1 Sunday, October 31, 2004
Daily newspaper from Chickasha, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Bush, Kent
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Integrated Field, Laboratory, and Modeling Studies to Determine the Effects of Linked Microbial and Physical Spatial Heterogeneity on Engineered Vadose Zone Bioremediation
Executive Summary - While numerous techniques exist for remediation of contaminant plumes in groundwater or near the soil surface, remediation methods in the deep vadose zone are less established due to complex transport dynamics and sparse microbial populations. There is a lack of knowledge on how physical and hydrologic features of the vadose zone control microbial growth and colonization in response to nutrient delivery during bioremediation. Yet pollution in the vadose zone poses a serious threat to the groundwater resources lying deeper in the sediment. While the contaminants may be slowly degraded by native microbial communities, microbial degradation rates rarely keep pace with the spread of the pollutant. It is crucial to increase indigenous microbial degradation in the vadose zone to combat groundwater contamination...
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Brockman, Fred J.; Selker, John S. & Rockhold, Mark L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Inverse Process Analysis for the Acquisition of Thermophysical Data
One of the main barriers in the analysis and design of materials processing and industrial applications is the lack of accurate experimental data on the thermophysical properties of materials. To date, the measurement of most of these high-temperature thermophysical properties has often been plagued by temperature lags that are inherent in measurement techniques. These lags can be accounted for with the appropriate mathematical models, reflecting the experimental apparatus and sample region, in order to deduce the desired measurement as a function of true sample temperature. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) measurements are routinely used to determine enthalpies of phase change, phase transition temperatures, glass transition temperatures, and heat capacities. In the aluminum, steel, and metal casting industries, predicting the formation of defects such as shrinkage voids, microporosity, and macrosegregation is limited by the data available on fraction solid and density evolution during solidification. Dilatometer measurements are routinely used to determine the density of a sample at various temperatures. An accurate determination of the thermophysical properties of materials is needed to achieve accuracy in the numerical simulations used to improve or design new material processes. In most of the instruments used to measure properties, the temperature is changed according to instrument controllers …
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Frankel, Jay & Sabau, Adrian
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Levelland and Hockley County News-Press (Levelland, Tex.), Vol. 27, No. 61, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 31, 2004
Semiweekly newspaper from Levelland, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Rigg, John
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Long-Range Untethered Real-Time Live Gas Main Robotic Inspection System
Under funding from the Department of Energy (DOE) and the Northeast Gas Association (NGA), Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) developed an untethered, wireless remote controlled inspection robot dubbed Explorer. The project entailed the design and prototyping of a wireless self-powered video-inspection robot capable of accessing live 6- and 8-inch diameter cast-iron and steel mains, while traversing turns and Ts and elbows under real-time control with live video feedback to an operator. The design is that of a segmented actively articulated and wheel-leg powered robot design, with fisheye imaging capability and self-powered battery storage and wireless real-time communication link. The prototype was functionally tested in an above ground pipe-network, in order to debug all mechanical, electrical and software subsystems, and develop the necessary deployment and retrieval, as well as obstacle-handling scripts. A pressurized natural gas test-section was used to certify it for operation in natural gas at up to 60 psig. Two subsequent live-main field-trials in both cast-iron and steel pipe, demonstrated its ability to be safely launched, operated and retrieved under real-world conditions. The system's ability to safely and repeatably exidrecover from angled and vertical launchers, traverse multi-thousand foot long pipe-sections, make T and varied-angle elbow-turns while wirelessly sending live video …
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Schempf, Hagen & D'Zurko, Daphne
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Mechanical Properties of Materials with Nanometer Scale Microstructures
We have been engaged in research on the mechanical properties of materials with nanometer-scale microstructural dimensions. Our attention has been focused on studying the mechanical properties of thin films and interfaces and very small volumes of material. Because the dimensions of thin film samples are small (typically 1 mm in thickness, or less), specialized mechanical testing techniques based on nanoindentation, microbeam bending and dynamic vibration of micromachined structures have been developed and used. Here we report briefly on some of the results we have obtained over the past three years. We also give a summary of all of the dissertations, talks and publications completed on this grant during the past 15 years.
Date:
October 31, 2004
Creator:
Nix, William D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library