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Ab initio transport properties of nanostructures from maximally localized Wannier functions (open access)

Ab initio transport properties of nanostructures from maximally localized Wannier functions

Article on ab initio transport properties of nanostructures from maximally localized Wannier functions.
Date: January 22, 2004
Creator: Calzolari, Arrigo; Marzari, Nicola; Souza, Ivo & Buongiorno Nardelli, Marco
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Trade Adjustment Assistance: Reforms Have Accelerated Training Enrollment, but Implementation Challenges Remain (open access)

Trade Adjustment Assistance: Reforms Have Accelerated Training Enrollment, but Implementation Challenges Remain

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) Reform Act of 2002 consolidated two programs serving trade-affected workers and made changes to expand benefits and decrease the time it takes for workers to get services. GAO was asked to provide information on (1) how key reform provisions have affected program services, (2) what have been the challenges in implementing new provisions, (3) whether demand for TAA training has changed and how states are meeting this demand, and (4) what is known about what the TAA program is achieving."
Date: September 22, 2004
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Contract Management: Further Efforts Needed to Sustain VA's Progress in Purchasing Medical Products and Services (open access)

Contract Management: Further Efforts Needed to Sustain VA's Progress in Purchasing Medical Products and Services

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) provides healthcare to millions of veterans at VA's medical centers and healthcare facilities across the country. To support veterans, VA manages a Federal Supply Schedule (FSS) program and a national contract program. Both use VA's sizeable buying power to provide VA and other federal agencies discounts on medical products and services. To cover its costs in running the FSS program, VA charges its customers a user fee. Although sales through VA's FSS and national contracts totaled almost $7 billion in fiscal year 2003, concerns have been raised about the efficiency of these contract programs. GAO was asked to determine whether the FSS and national contracts have provided medical products at favorable prices and to identify opportunities to improve purchasing practices and increase savings. GAO was also asked to determine if VA's user fee is sufficient to cover program cost."
Date: June 22, 2004
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Coast Guard Programs: Relationship between Resources Used and Results Achieved Needs to Be Clearer (open access)

Coast Guard Programs: Relationship between Resources Used and Results Achieved Needs to Be Clearer

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The Coast Guard has responsibility for protecting America's ports, waterways, and waterside facilities from terrorist attacks. At the same time, the Coast Guard remains responsible for many other missions important to the nation's interests, such as conducting search and rescue and protecting important fishing grounds. GAO's past work found that despite substantial budget increases, the Coast Guard's extensive homeland security responsibilities resulted in a reduction in the levels at which the agency's ship, boat, and aircraft resources were applied to non- homeland security programs. GAO was asked to update and expand this work by analyzing: the trends in resource usage, the trends in performance results, and the implications of these trends."
Date: March 22, 2004
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Antibiotic Resistance: Federal Agencies Need to Better Focus Efforts to Address Risk to Humans from Antibiotic Use in Animals (open access)

Antibiotic Resistance: Federal Agencies Need to Better Focus Efforts to Address Risk to Humans from Antibiotic Use in Animals

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Antibiotic resistance is a growing public health concern; antibiotics used in animals raised for human consumption contributes to this problem. Three federal agencies address this issue--the Department of Health and Human Services' (HHS) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Department of Agriculture (USDA). GAO examined (1) scientific evidence on the transference of antibiotic resistance from animals to humans and extent of potential harm to human health, (2) agencies' efforts to assess and address these risks, (3) the types of data needed to support research on these risks and extent to which the agencies collect these data, (4) use of antibiotics in animals in the United States compared with its key agricultural trading partners and competitors, and (5) information on how use has affected trade."
Date: April 22, 2004
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear Security: Several Issues Could Impede the Ability of DOE's Office of Energy, Science and Environment to Meet the May 2003 Design Basis Threat (open access)

Nuclear Security: Several Issues Could Impede the Ability of DOE's Office of Energy, Science and Environment to Meet the May 2003 Design Basis Threat

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "A successful terrorist attack on Department of Energy (DOE) sites containing the material used in nuclear weapons, called special nuclear material, could have devastating consequences for the site and its surrounding communities. Because of these risks, DOE needs an effective safeguards and security program. A key component of an effective program is the design basis threat (DBT), a classified document that identifies, among other things, the potential size and capabilities of terrorist forces. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, rendered the then-current DBT obsolete resulting in DOE issuing a new version in May 2003. GAO examined the issues that could impede the ability of DOE's Office of Energy, Science and Environment to fully meet the threat contained in the May 2003 DBT by the department's fiscal year 2006 deadline."
Date: June 22, 2004
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Securities Markets: Preliminary Observations on the Use of Subpenny Pricing (open access)

Securities Markets: Preliminary Observations on the Use of Subpenny Pricing

Testimony issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "In 2001, U.S. stock and options markets, which had previously quoted prices in fractions, began quoting in decimals. Since then, various positive and negative effects have been attributed to the transition to decimal pricing. As part of this transition, the major stock markets chose one penny ($.01) as the minimum price variation for quoting prices for orders to buy or sell. However, some electronic trading systems allowed their customers to quote in increments of less than a penny (such as $.001). The use of subpenny prices for securities trades has proved controversial and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has proposed a ban against subpenny quoting for stocks priced above one dollar across all U.S. markets. As part of ongoing work that examines a range of issues relating to decimal pricing, GAO reviewed (1) how widely subpenny prices are used and by whom, (2) the advantages and disadvantages of subpenny pricing cited by market participants, and (3) market participants' reactions to SEC's proposed ban."
Date: July 22, 2004
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Social Security Numbers: Private Sector Entities Routinely Obtain and Use SSNs, and Laws Limit the Disclosure of This Information (open access)

Social Security Numbers: Private Sector Entities Routinely Obtain and Use SSNs, and Laws Limit the Disclosure of This Information

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "In 1936, the Social Security Administration (SSA) established the Social Security number (SSN) to track workers' earnings for Social Security benefit purposes. However, the SSN is also used for a myriad of non-Social Security purposes. Today, public and private sector entities view the SSN as a key piece of information that enables them to conduct their business and deliver services. However, given the apparent rise in identity crimes as well as the rapidly increasing availability of information over the Internet, Congress has raised concern over how certain private sector entities obtain, use, and safeguard SSN data. In previous reports, we discussed the benefits of government and commercial entities using SSNs. We also examined how certain private sector entities and the government obtain, use, and safeguard SSNs. This report provides additional information on private sector uses of SSNs. The Chairman, Subcommittee on Social Security, House Committee on Ways and Means, asked that GAO examine the private sector use of SSNs by businesses most likely to obtain and use them including information resellers, consumer reporting agencies (CRAs), and health care organizations. Specifically, our objectives were to (1) describe …
Date: January 22, 2004
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Information on Selected Personnel Practices at the Justice Department (open access)

Information on Selected Personnel Practices at the Justice Department

Correspondence issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This letter responds to a request that we provide information on selected personnel practices at the Justice Department. On March 1, 2004, we briefed Congress on the results of our review. This letter transmits information provided during that briefing. Specifically, the slides enclosed in this letter describe (1) Justice's hiring processes for entry-level and lateral (i.e., experienced) career attorneys, (2) the types of monetary awards Justice grants to political appointees and the number of awards granted from 1993 through 2002, and (3) Justice's selection process for the position of the Assistant Attorney General for Administration."
Date: April 22, 2004
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Gender Issues: Women's Participation in the Sciences Has Increased, but Agencies Need to Do More to Ensure Compliance with Title IX (open access)

Gender Issues: Women's Participation in the Sciences Has Increased, but Agencies Need to Do More to Ensure Compliance with Title IX

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 extended protections against sex discrimination to students and employees at institutions receiving federal assistance for educational programs or activities. In the 32 years since Title IX was enacted, women have made significant gains in many fields, but much attention has focused on women's participation in the sciences. Because of the concern about women's access to opportunities in the sciences, which receive billions of dollars in federal assistance, this report addresses: (1) how do the Department of Education (Education), the Department of Energy (Energy), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the National Science Foundation (NSF) ensure that federal grant recipient institutions comply with Title IX in math, engineering, and science; (2) what do data show about women's participation in these fields; and (3) what promising practices exist to promote their participation?"
Date: July 22, 2004
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Small and Disadvantaged Businesses: Most Agency Advocates View Their Roles Similarly (open access)

Small and Disadvantaged Businesses: Most Agency Advocates View Their Roles Similarly

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The Small Business Act is one of several laws designed to enhance the participation of small and disadvantaged businesses in federal procurement--a market that reached more than $200 billion in fiscal year 2002. Section 15(k) of the act requires that all federal agencies with procurement powers establish an Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization (OSDBU) and specifies eight functions that OSDBU directors are responsible for carrying out in their roles as advocates for small businesses. GAO surveyed OSDBU directors at 24 agencies to obtain information on the extent to which the respondents (1) viewed the functions listed in section 15(k) as functions of their offices, (2) viewed other potential activities as OSDBU duties, and (3) saw potential challenges to carrying out their functions."
Date: March 22, 2004
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Posthearing Questions Related to Proposed Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Human Capital Regulations (open access)

Posthearing Questions Related to Proposed Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Human Capital Regulations

Correspondence issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "GAO testified before Congress and answered posthearing questions regarding "The Key to Homeland Security: The New Human Resources System.""
Date: March 22, 2004
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
International Trade: Current Government Data Provide Limited Insight into Offshoring of Services (open access)

International Trade: Current Government Data Provide Limited Insight into Offshoring of Services

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Much attention has focused on the topic of "offshoring" of information technology (IT) and other services to lower-wage locations abroad. "Offshoring" of services generally refers to an organization's purchase from other countries of services that it previously produced or purchased domestically, such as software programming or telephone call centers. GAO was asked to (1) describe the nature of offshoring activities and the factors that encourage offshoring, (2) discuss what U.S. government data show about the extent of this practice by the private sector and federal and state governments, and (3) discuss available data on the potential effects of services offshoring on the U.S. economy."
Date: September 22, 2004
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fiscal Year 2005 Budget Request: U.S. General Accounting Office (open access)

Fiscal Year 2005 Budget Request: U.S. General Accounting Office

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "GAO exists to support the Congress in meeting its constitutional responsibilities and to help improve the performance and ensure the accountability of the federal government for the benefit of the American people. In the years ahead, its support to the Congress will likely prove even more critical because of the pressures created by the nation's large and growing long-term fiscal imbalance, which is driven primarily by known demographic and rising health care trends. These pressures will require the Congress to make tough choices regarding what the government does, how it does business, and who will do the government's business in the future. GAO's work covers virtually every area in which the federal government is or may become involved, anywhere in the world. Perhaps just as importantly, GAO's work sometimes leads it to sound the alarm over problems looming just beyond the horizon--such as the nation's enormous long-term fiscal challenges--and help policymakers address these challenges in a timely and informed manner. The Comptroller General presented testimony that focused on GAO's progress during his first five years in office. He highlighted GAO's (1) fiscal year 2003 performance and results; (2) …
Date: April 22, 2004
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Peace Corps: Observations on Volunteer Safety and Security (open access)

Peace Corps: Observations on Volunteer Safety and Security

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "About 7,500 Peace Corps volunteers currently serve in 70 countries. The administration intends to increase this number to about 14,000. Volunteers often live in areas with limited access to reliable communications, police, or medical services. As Americans, they may be viewed as relatively wealthy and, hence, good targets for crime. In this testimony, GAO summarizes findings from its 2002 report Peace Corps: Initiatives for Addressing Safety and Security Challenges Hold Promise, but Progress Should be Assessed, GAO-02-818, on (1) trends in crime against volunteers and Peace Corps' system for generating information, (2) the agency's field implementation of its safety and security framework, and (3) the underlying factors contributing to the quality of these practices."
Date: June 22, 2004
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
VA Health Care: More Outpatient Rehabilitation Services for Blind Veterans Could Better Meet Their Needs (open access)

VA Health Care: More Outpatient Rehabilitation Services for Blind Veterans Could Better Meet Their Needs

Testimony issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "In fiscal year 2003, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) estimated that about 157,000 veterans were legally blind, and about 44,000 of these veterans were enrolled in VA health care. The Chairman of the Subcommittee on Health, House Veterans' Affairs Committee, and the Ranking Minority Member, Senate Veterans' Affairs Committee expressed concerns about VA's rehabilitation services for blind veterans. GAO reviewed (1) the availability of VA outpatient blind rehabilitation services, (2) whether legally blind veterans benefit from VA and non-VA outpatient services, and (3) what factors affect VA's ability to increase veterans' access to blind rehabilitation outpatient services. GAO reviewed VA's blind rehabilitation policies; interviewed officials from VA, the Blinded Veterans Association, state and private nonprofit agencies, and visited five Blind Rehabilitation Centers (BRC)."
Date: July 22, 2004
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Homeland Security: Observations on the National Strategies Related to Terrorism (open access)

Homeland Security: Observations on the National Strategies Related to Terrorism

Testimony issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "In an effort to increase homeland security following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in the United States, the executive branch issued seven national strategies related to combating terrorism and homeland security. Per the request of the Subcommittee on National Security, Emerging Threats, and International Relations, House Committee on Government Reform, this testimony will focus primarily on the National Strategy for Homeland Security but also include relevant aspects of the National Strategy for Combating Terrorism. Together, these two national strategies address preventing terrorist attacks within the United States, reducing America's vulnerability to terrorism, and minimizing the damage and assisting in the recovery from future attacks, if they occur. This testimony covers three topics: (1) To what extent are elements of the Homeland Security and Combating Terrorism strategies aligned with recommendations issued by the 9/11 Commission? (2) What key departments have responsibilities for implementing the Homeland Security strategy, and what actions have they taken to implement the strategy? and (3) What challenges are faced by key departments in assessing their progress towards achieving homeland security objectives? This testimony continues GAO's efforts to establish baseline assessments related to homeland security. …
Date: September 22, 2004
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
District of Columbia: Structural Imbalance and Management Issues (open access)

District of Columbia: Structural Imbalance and Management Issues

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "District of Columbia officials have reported both a current services budget gap and a more permanent structural imbalance between costs and revenue-raising capacity. They maintain that the structural imbalance largely stems from the federal government's presence and restrictions on the District's tax base. Accordingly, at various times District officials have asked the Congress for additional funds and other measures to enhance revenues. In that context, the Subcommittee has asked GAO to discuss its May 2003 report, District of Columbia: Structural Imbalance and Management Issues (GAO-03-666). This testimony addresses the key findings and concluding observations of the May 2003 report. Specifically, this testimony discusses: (1) whether, or to what extent, the District faces a structural imbalance between its revenue capacity and the cost of providing residents with average levels of public services by using a representative services approach; (2) any significant constraints on the District's revenue capacity; (3) cost conditions and management problems in key program areas; and (4) the effects of the District's fiscal situation on its ability to fund infrastructure projects and repay related debt."
Date: June 22, 2004
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Continuity of Operations: Improved Planning Needed to Ensure Delivery of Essential Services (open access)

Continuity of Operations: Improved Planning Needed to Ensure Delivery of Essential Services

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "To ensure that essential government services are available in emergencies--such as terrorist attacks, severe weather, or building-level emergencies--federal agencies are required to develop continuity of operations (COOP) plans. Responsibility for formulating guidance on these plans and for assessing executive branch COOP capabilities lies with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), under the Department of Homeland Security. FEMA guidance, Federal Preparedness Circular (FPC) 65 (July 1999), identifies elements of a viable COOP capability, including the requirement that agencies identify their essential functions. This statement summarizes the findings of a February 2004, GAO report, for which GAO was asked to determine the extent to which (1) major civilian executive branch agencies have identified their essential functions and (2) these agencies' COOP plans follow FEMA guidance."
Date: April 22, 2004
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Aviation Security: Private Screening Contractors Have Little Flexibility to Implement Innovative Approaches (open access)

Aviation Security: Private Screening Contractors Have Little Flexibility to Implement Innovative Approaches

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, resulted in fundamental changes in the way the United States screens airport passengers and their property. One of the most significant changes was the shift from using private screeners to using federal screeners at all but five commercial airports in the United States. These five airports are part of a pilot program, where private screeners perform screening functions. The mission of the Private Screening Pilot Program, as defined by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA), is to test the effectiveness of increased operational flexibility at the airport level that contractors may provide. GAO was asked to describe (1) the challenges and limitations of the private screening pilot program, (2) the operational flexibilities TSA has provided to the private screening companies, and (3) the performance of private and federal screeners in detecting threat objects. This testimony is based on our prior and ongoing work on TSA airport passenger and baggage screeners."
Date: April 22, 2004
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
VA Health Care: VA Needs to Improve Accuracy of Reported Wait Times for Blind Rehabilitation Services (open access)

VA Health Care: VA Needs to Improve Accuracy of Reported Wait Times for Blind Rehabilitation Services

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) provides rehabilitation services to legally blind veterans. These services are intended to help them acquire the skills necessary to become more independent. Almost all of VA's rehabilitation services for legally blind veterans are provided at Blind Rehabilitation Centers (BRC), an inpatient program. VA reported that the average length of time a veteran waited to be admitted to a BRC increased from 168 to 210 days from fiscal years 1999 through 2003. GAO was asked to examine the accuracy of veterans' wait times for admission to BRCs. GAO's objective was to determine whether the average wait times for veterans seeking admission to BRCs reported by VA were accurate. GAO reviewed VA policies and procedures for determining the average length of time veterans wait to be admitted to a BRC. GAO also visited 5 of VA's 10 BRCs to evaluate the reliability of the data used to calculate wait times."
Date: July 22, 2004
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Minutes: Intelligence Joint Cross-Service Group, September 22, 2004] (open access)

[Minutes: Intelligence Joint Cross-Service Group, September 22, 2004]

BRAC 2005 Intelligence Joint Cross-Service Group Meeting Minutes of September 22, 2004. The document is redacted and includes the IJCSG Principals Meeting brief (PowerPoint slides).
Date: September 22, 2004
Creator: United States. Department of Defense.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
On The Reproducibility of Seasonal Land-surface Climate (open access)

On The Reproducibility of Seasonal Land-surface Climate

The sensitivity of the continental seasonal climate to initial conditions is estimated from an ensemble of decadal simulations of an atmospheric general circulation model with the same specifications of radiative forcings and monthly ocean boundary conditions, but with different initial states of atmosphere and land. As measures of the ''reproducibility'' of continental climate for different initial conditions, spatio-temporal correlations are computed across paired realizations of eleven model land-surface variables in which the seasonal cycle is either included or excluded--the former case being pertinent to climate simulation, and the latter to seasonal anomaly prediction. It is found that the land-surface variables which include the seasonal cycle are impacted only marginally by changes in initial conditions; moreover, their seasonal climatologies exhibit high spatial reproducibility. In contrast, the reproducibility of a seasonal land-surface anomaly is generally low, although it is substantially higher in the Tropics; its spatial reproducibility also markedly fluctuates in tandem with warm and cold phases of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation. However, the overall degree of reproducibility depends strongly on the particular land-surface anomaly considered. It is also shown that the predictability of a land-surface anomaly implied by its reproducibility statistics is consistent with what is inferred from more conventional predictability …
Date: October 22, 2004
Creator: Phillips, T J
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Sustaining the Landscape: A Method for Comparing Current and Desired Future Conditions of Forest Ecosystems in the North Cumberland Plateau and Mountains (open access)

Sustaining the Landscape: A Method for Comparing Current and Desired Future Conditions of Forest Ecosystems in the North Cumberland Plateau and Mountains

This project initiates an integrated-landscape conservation approach within the Northern Cumberlands Project Area in Tennessee and Kentucky. The mixed mesophytic forests within the Cumberland Plateau and Mountains are among the most diverse in North America; however, these forests have been impacted by and remain threatened from changes in land use across this landscape. The integrated-landscape conservation approach presented in this report outlines a sequence of six conservation steps. This report considers the first three of these steps in two, successive stages. Stage 1 compares desired future conditions (DFCs) and current prevailing conditions (CPCs) at the landscape-scale utilizing remote sensing imagery, remnant forests, and descriptions of historical forest types within the Cumberland Plateau. Subsequently, Stage 2 compares DFCs and CPCs for at-risk forest types identified in Stage 1 utilizing structural, compositional, or functional attributes from USFS Forest Inventory and Analysis data. Ecological indicators will be developed from each stage that express the gaps between these two realizations of the landscape. The results from these first three steps will directly contribute to the final three steps of the integrated-landscape conservation approach by providing guidance for the generation of new conservation strategies in the Northern Cumberland Plateau and Mountains.
Date: December 22, 2004
Creator: Druckenbrod, D. L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library