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We present first results for masses of positive and negative parity excited baryons in lattice QCD using an O(a{sup 2}) improved gluon action and a Fat Link Irrelevant Clover (FLIC) fermion action in which only the irrelevant operators are constructed with fat links. The results are in agreement with earlier calculations of N* resonances using improved actions and exhibit a clear mass splitting between the nucleon and its chiral partner, even for the Wilson fermion action. The results also indicate a splitting between the lowest J{sup P}=1/2{sup -} states for the standard nucleon interpolating fields.

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As the use of wind power plants increases worldwide, it is important to understand the effect these power sources have on the operations of the grid. This paper focuses on the operating reserve impact of wind power plants. Many probabilistic methods have been applied to power system analysis, and some of these are the basis of reliability analysis. This paper builds on a probabilistic technique to allocate the operating reserve burden among power plants in the grid. The method was originally posed by Strbac and Kirschen [1] and uses an allocation that prorates the reserve burden based on expected energy not delivered. Extending this method to include wind power plants allows the reserve burden to be allocated among different plants using the same method, yet incorporates information about the intermittent nature of wind power plants.

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Sky view factor ({Psi}{sub sky}) is used in radiation balance schemes for the partitioning of longwave and shortwave radiation within urban and forest canopies and complex terrain. In the urban environment, ({Psi}{sub sky}) and 1-({Psi}{sub sky}) give a measure of how much radiation penetrates the canopy and how much will be intercepted by the canopy, respectively. As part of the Oct. 2000 URBAN field Experiment in Salt Lake City (Shinn et al., 2001), photographs were taken in the downtown area at ground level shooting upwards using a fisheye lens. Utilizing image analysis and in-house processing software, ({Psi}{sub sky}) was computed for each photograph. Sky view factor was also computed from 3D building databases using the methodology developed by Ratti and Richens (1999). Although photographic methods for obtaining sky view factor are very accurate, they are time consuming to acquire. Commercial 3D building databases are becoming increasingly more available and sky view factor can be computed from them quite easily. In the future, 3D building datasets might be used to readily compute sky view factor for cities and therefore better estimates of the urban climate could be made. Comparisons of the two methods for computing sky view factor are compared in …

We have sequenced the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of the articulate brachiopod Terebratalia transversa. The circular genome is 14,291 bp in size, relatively small compared to other published metazoan mtDNAs. The 37 genes commonly found in animal mtDNA are present; the size decrease is due to the truncation of several tRNA, rRNA, and protein genes, to some nucleotide overlaps, and to a paucity of non-coding nucleotides. Although the gene arrangement differs radically from those reported for other metazoans, some gene junctions are shared with two other articulate brachiopods, Laqueus rubellus and Terebratulina retusa. All genes in the T. transversa mtDNA, unlike those in most metazoan mtDNAs reported, are encoded by the same strand. The A+T content (59.1 percent) is low for a metazoan mtDNA, and there is a high propensity for homopolymer runs and a strong base-compositional strand bias. The coding strand is quite G+T-rich, a skew that is shared by the confamilial (laqueid) specie s L. rubellus, but opposite to that found in T. retusa, a cancellothyridid. These compositional skews are strongly reflected in the codon usage patterns and the amino acid compositions of the mitochondrial proteins, with markedly different usage observed between T. retusa and the two laqueids. …

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Although one must recognize that parametric studies like this are not equivalent to real cost estimates: one can draw some probable conclusions. Clearly, in all cases, there is a cost optimum: at higher fields, magnet costs rise disproportionally; at low fields tunnel and other linear costs are excessive. Fields above 10 T and bellow 3 T appear to be uneconomic. Field in the 4-6 T range seem optimum. Better superconductors raise the optimum field, but by surprisingly small amounts, and offer only small savings. On the other hand, reducing the magnet apertures yield large savings. In particular, we find that a collider with SSC like energy could cost about half that of the SSC if built with 5 T magnets and apertures yielding an impedance equal to that for the proposed transmission line magnet ring. It would also be about half the cost of a ring made with those transmission line magnets.

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We have performed pulsed neutron and pulsed laser tests of a CVD diamond detector manufactured from DIAFILM, a commercial grade of CVD diamond. The laser tests were performed at the short pulse UV laser at Bechtel Nevada in Livermore, CA. The pulsed neutrons were provided by DT capsule implosions at the OMEGA laser fusion facility in Rochester, NY. From these tests, we have determined the impulse response to be 250 ps fwhm for an applied E-field of 500 V/mm. Additionally, we have determined the sensitivity to be 2.4 mA/W at 500 V/mm and 4.0 mA/W at 1000 V/mm. These values are approximately 2 to 5x times higher than those reported for natural Type IIa diamond at similar E-field and thickness (1mm). These characteristics allow us to conceive of a neutron time-of-flight current mode spectrometer based on CVD diamond. Such an instrument would sit inside the laser fusion target chamber close to target chamber center (TCC), and would record neutron spectra fast enough such that backscattered neutrons and x-rays from the target chamber wall would not be a concern. The acquired neutron spectra could then be used to extract DD fuel areal density from the downscattered secondary to secondary ratio.

The recent interest in high altitude discharges known as red sprites, blue jets, and elves has stimulated the modeling of transient atmospheric electricity. The modeling of these high altitude discharges require an initiating cloud-to-ground or intracloud lightning event in order to pre-condition the electric field between the cloud tops and the ionosphere. In this short paper we describe a finite difference time domain (FDTD) numerical solution of Maxwell's equations based on the Yee (Yee 1966) algorithm coupled with a uniaxial perfectly matched layer (PML, Berenger 1994) boundary treatment. The PML theory has advanced considerably since its original formulation in cartesian coordinates for lossless media, and is computationally efficient to implement. Another boundary treatment possibility for our sources that produce radiative and electrostatic fields, which we do not consider here, is a multipole expansion in the time domain for the electromagnetic fields.

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We review some recent results for elastic electron deuteron scattering (deuteron form factors) and photodisintegration of the deuteron, with emphasis on the recent high energy data from Jefferson Laboratory (JLab).

For the past several years, researchers at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, under the sponsorship of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, have been investigating the ability of motor-operated valves (MOVs) used in Nuclear Power Plants to close or open when subjected to design basis flow and pressure loads. Part of this research addresses the response of a dcpowered motor-operated gate valve to assess whether it will achieve flow isolation and to evaluate whether it will slow down excessively under design-basis conditions and thus fail to achieve the required stroke time. As part of this research, we have developed a model of a dc motor operating under load and a model of actuator efficiency under load based on a first principle evaluation of the equipment. These models include the effect that reduced voltage at the Motor Control Center and elevated containment temperatures have on the performance of a dc powered MOV. The model also accounts for motor torque and speed changes that result from the heatup of the motor during the stroke. These models are part of the Motor- Operated Valve In Site Test Assessment (MISTA) software which is capable of independently evaluating the ability of dc-powered motoroperated gate …

This document is a collection of the contributions made to the March IIT workshop on an e{sup +}e{sup -} collider in the VLHC tunnel. This machine, which is based on a relatively conservative extrapolation of LEP technology, has a baseline luminosity of 10{sup 33}/cm{sup 2}/s at a CM energy of 370 GeV. The overall parameters and general description of such a machine is described in T. Sen and J. Norem, ''A Very Large Lepton Collider in the VLHC Tunnel'', to be published. A preprint of this paper is included as Appendix 2 of this report. The intention of the workshop was to define the parameters of such a collider and make them available to the community for use in further physics studies. It is clear that the machine cannot compete with a full scale linear collider. Its main interest would be if a VLHC were built and if a linear collider did not already exist. In this case, it could provide a limited and perhaps crucial view of low mass Higgs states. Although the study is incomplete, it does define rather well the parameters of the machine, as well as the challenges that the design faces. The study benefited greatly …

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