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Advanced Emissions Control Development Program
The primary objective of the Advanced Emissions Control Development Program (AECDP) is to develop practical, cost-effective strategies for reducing the emissions of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs, or air toxics) from coal-fired boilers. This objective is being met by identifying ways to effectively control air toxic emissions through the use of conventional flue gas cleanup equipment such as electrostatic precipitators (ESPs), fabric filters (fabric filters), and wet flue gas desulfurization (wet FGD) systems. Development work initially concentrated on the capture of trace metals, hydrogen chloride, and hydrogen fluoride. Recent work has focused almost exclusively on the control of mercury emissions.
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Farthing, G. A.; Amrhein, G. T.; Kudlac, G. A.; Yurchison, D. A.; McDonald, D. K. & Milobowski, M. G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Technology Vehicle Program of the Maryland Department of Transportation and Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments
A multi-year Clean Alternative program is designed to integrate low-emission advanced technology vehicles into high mileage/high-fuel-use public and private fleets, which are major contributors to high pollution levels. The primary goal of the program is reduced emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) from on-road vehicles in the Maryland counties surrounding Washington, DC. The program is targeted at fleets operating in Calvert, Charles, Frederick, Montgomery and Prince George's counties. Eligible types of vehicle applications include taxicabs, shuttles, buses, and delivery vans and trucks. Other types may qualify if they meet certain annual fuel-use or mileage criteria. Minimum requirements have been established for participating companies, including size of fleet and age of firm. The first vehicles under this program were placed in service in 1999. The Clean Alternative provides financial incentives to selected qualified firms that purchase original equipment manufacturer (OEM) vehicles or heavy-duty engines that have been certified to Low Emission Vehicle (LEV) emission levels or lower. This program is intended to be flexible and to evolve over time. For instance, in coming years the standards for acceptable emission levels may be tightened. The level of financial incentive will be determined on a case-by-case basis and other types of incentives may …
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Freudberg, Stuart A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
AISI/DOE Advanced Process Control Program Vol. 4 of 6: ON-LINE, NON-DESTRUCTIVE MECHANICAL PROPERTY MEASUREMENT USING LASER-ULTRASOUND
The goal of this project was to demonstrate the feasibility to measure the mechanical properties, such as yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, strain hardening exponent and plastic strain ratio parameters, of low carbon steel sheets on the production line using laser ultrasound. The ultrasound generated by the developed apparatus travels mostly back and forth in the thickness of the steel sheet. By measuring the time delay between two echoes, and the relative amplitude of these two echoes, one can measure ultrasound velocity and attenuation. These are governed by the microstructure: grain size, crystallographic texture, dislocations, etc. Thus, by recording the time behavior of the ultrasonic signal, one can extract microstructural information. These microstructural information together with the modified Hall-Petch equation allow measurement of the mechanical properties. Through laboratory investigations with a laboratory laser ultrasound system, followed by the installation of a prototype system at LTV Steel Company's No.1 Inspection Line in Cleveland, all target mechanical properties of ultra low carbon (ULC), low carbon (LC) and high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel sample lots were measured meeting or nearly meeting all the target accuracies. Thus, the project realized its goal to demonstrate that the mechanical properties of low carbon steel sheets …
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Moreau, Andre'; Lord, Martin; Levesqure, Daniel; Dubois, Marc; Bussiere, Jean; Monchalin, Jean-Pierre et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Alternative Fuels and Chemicals From Synthesis Gas Technical Progress Report: Number 26
The overall objectives of this program are to investigate potential technologies for the conversion of synthesis gas to oxygenated and hydrocarbon fuels and industrial chemicals, and to demonstrate the most promising technologies at DOE's LaPorte, Texas, Slurry Phase Alternative Fuels Development Unit (AFDU). The program will involve a continuation of the work performed under the Alternative Fuels from Coal-Derived Synthesis Gas Program and will draw upon information and technologies generated in parallel current and future DOE-funded contracts.
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 79, No. 125, Ed. 1 Saturday, March 31, 2001
Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Cash, Wanda Garner
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Catalytic Gasification of Coal Using Eutectic Salt Mixtures
Most of the tasks on the project have successfully been completed and reported. A 12 month no-cost extension has been requested to complete the remaining tasks. This report summarizes the accomplishments of the first six months of the no-cost extensions period. The acetic acid extraction showed that acetic acid has more effect on the extraction of the ternary catalyst (LNK) ions than water. Based on the extraction results, the order of the recovery capability of Na{sub 2}CO{sub 3} using acetic acid, sulfuric acid and water extractions is sulfuric acid {ge} acetic acid > water; the order for K{sub 2}CO{sub 3} is sulfuric acid > water >acetic acid; and the order for Li{sub 2}CO{sub 3} is acetic acid > sulfuric acid >water. A process flowsheet for the catalyst recovery process was proposed based on the results. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies showed most of the particles (coal) appear amorphous. Some coal particles are as large as 50-60 {micro}m, but most are smaller. One can also easily see a few crystalline particles (10-20 {micro}m) with sharp facets and corners. The electron micrographs of gasified char samples (reactor-aged) of the LNKcoal mixture showed that a dramatic change is obvious in the morphology and …
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Sheth, Atul & Sastry, Chandramouli
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design, Fabrication, Assembly and Bench Testing of a Texaco Infrared Ratio Pyrometer System for the Measurement of Reaction Chamber Temperature
Reliable measurement of gasifier reaction chamber temperature is important for the proper operation of slagging, entrained-flow gasification processes. Historically, thermocouples have been used as the main measurement technique, with the temperature inferred from syngas methane concentration being used as a backup measurement. While these have been sufficient for plant operation in many cases, both techniques suffer from limitations. The response time of methane measurements is too slow to detect rapid upset conditions, and thermocouples are subject to long-term drift, as well as slag attack, which eventually leads to failure of the thermocouple. Texaco's Montebello Technology Center (MTC) has developed an infrared ratio pyrometer system for measuring gasifier reaction chamber temperature. This system has a faster response time than both methane and thermocouples, and has been demonstrated to provide reliable temperature measurements for longer periods of time when compared to thermocouples installed in the same MTC gasifier. In addition, the system can be applied to commercial gasifiers without any significant scale-up issues. The major equipment items, the purge system, and the safety shutdown system in a commercial plant are essentially identical to the prototypes at MTC. The desired result of this DOE program is ''a bench-scale prototype, either assembled or with …
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Leininger, Tom
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Engineering Development of Slurry Bubble Column Reactor (SBCR) Technology Quarterly Technical Progress Report: Number 24
The major technical objectives of this program are threefold: (1) to develop the design tools and a fundamental understanding of the fluid dynamics of a slurry bubble column reactor to maximize reactor productivity, (2) to develop the mathematical reactor design models and gain an understanding of the hydrodynamic fundamentals under industrially relevant process conditions, and (3) to develop an understanding of the hydrodynamics and their interaction with the chemistries occurring in the bubble column reactor. Successful completion of these objectives will permit more efficient usage of the reactor column and tighter design criteria, increase overall reactor efficiency, and ensure a design that leads to stable reactor behavior when scaling up to large diameter reactors. Washington University's work for the quarter involved the study of the dynamic simulations of bubble columns in three dimensions. Work was also done in dynamic simulations of two-phase transient flow using CFDLIB. Ohio State measured the axial dispersion coefficients of the liquid phase. The steady-state thermal dispersion method was used to obtain the measurements. Iowa State followed the last quarter's work by using CFDLIB to simulate conditions described in the literature, with the objective of validating the simulation result. The group's work also led to a …
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Toseland, Bernard A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Enhanced Oil Recovery with Downhole Vibration Stimulation in Osage County Oklahoma
The objective of this project is to demonstrate the impact of downhole vibration stimulation on oil production rates in a mature waterflood field. Oil & Gas Consultants International, Inc. (OGCI) will manage the project in close cooperation with the Osage Tribe as the tests will be conducted in Osage County, Oklahoma, the mineral estate of the Osage Tribe. The field is owned and operated by Calumet Oil Company. Phillips Petroleum Company will contribute their proprietary vibration core analysis of cores recovered from the pilot test area. To achieve the project objectives, the work has been divided into nine tasks, some are concurrent, while other tasks rely on completion of previous steps. The operator, Calumet Oil Company operates several field in Osage County Oklahoma. The North Burbank Unit will be the site of the test. The team will then determine where within the field to optimally locate the vibration test well. With the location determined, the test well will be drilled, cored, logged and 7-inch production casing run and cemented. In a parallel effort, OGCI will be designing, building, and testing a new version of the downhole vibration tool based on their patented and field proven whirling orbital vibrator. With the …
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Brett, J. Ford & Westermark, Robert V.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluate Habitat Use and Population Dynamics of Lampreys in Cedar Creek, 2000 Annual Report.
Pacific lamprey (Lampetra tridentata) in the Columbia River Basin have declined to a remnant of their pre-1940s populations and the status of the western brook lamprey (L. richardsoni) is unknown. Identifying the biological and ecological factors limiting lamprey populations is critical to their recovery, but little research has been conducted on these species within the Columbia River Basin. This ongoing, multi-year study examines lamprey populations in Cedar Creek, Washington, a third-order tributary to the Lewis River. Adult (n = 40), metamorphosed (n = 116), transforming (n = 10), and ammocoete (n = 870) stages from both species were examined in 2000. Lamprey were captured using adult fish ladders, rotary screw traps, and lamprey electrofishers, and spawning ground surveys were conducted. US Forest Service level II and strategic point-specific habitat surveys were conducted to assess habitat requirements of both adult and larval lamprey. Multivariate statistics will be applied to determine relationships between abundance and habitat.
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Stone, Jennifer
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fast 3-D seismic modeling and prestack depth migration using generalized screen methods. Final report for period January 1, 1998 - December 31, 2000
Completed a theoretical analysis of phase screen propagators to answer several critical questions: the existence of a singularity in the Green's function for the case of a zero vertical wavenumber, the stability and accuracy of such propagators, and the effects of backscattering for large contrast heterogeneous media. The theory is based on separating the wavefield into forescattering and backscattering parts. The approach is robust and appropriate for earth structures with high velocity contrast. This theory also resolves the apparent singularity problem that has persisted in generalized screen propagator formulations. With this formulation we studied the effects of the commonly used approximations as a function of the degree of velocity contrast in the media.
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Toksoz, M. Nafi
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS FOR INSTALLING A CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED BOILER FOR COFIRING MULTIPLE BIOFUELS AND OTHER WASTES WITH COAL AT PENN STATE UNIVERSITY
The Pennsylvania State University, under contract to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) is performing a feasibility analysis on installing a state-of-the-art circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler and ceramic filter emission control device at Penn State's University Park campus for cofiring multiple biofuels and other wastes with coal, and developing a test program to evaluate cofiring multiple biofuels and coal-based feedstocks. Penn State currently operates an aging stoker-fired steam plant at its University Park campus and has spent considerable resources over the last ten to fifteen years investigating boiler replacements and performing life extension studies. This effort, in combination with a variety of agricultural and other wastes generated at the agricultural-based university and the surrounding rural community, has led Penn State to assemble a team of fluidized bed and cofiring experts to assess the feasibility of installing a CFB boiler for cofiring biomass and other wastes along with coal-based fuels. The objective of the project is being accomplished using a team that includes personnel from Penn State's Energy Institute and the Office of Physical Plant, Foster Wheeler Energy Services, Inc., and Cofiring Alternatives.
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Miller, Bruce G.; Miller, Sharon Falcone; Cooper, Robert; Donovan, Douglas; Gaudlip, John; Lapinsky, Matthew et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Funeral Program for Lucas "Buster" Dukes, March 31, 2001]
Funeral program for Mr. Lucas "Buster" Dukes, born September 2, 1911 and died March 29, 2001. The funeral was held March 31, 2001 at Sutton-Sutton Mortuary Chapel, officiated by Brother Roosevelt Sam. The funeral arrangements were made through Sutton-Sutton Mortuary, Inc. and he was buried in Randolph Cemetery in Guadalupe County, Texas.
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Pamphlet
System:
The Portal to Texas History
[Funeral Program for Rhea Sanders, April 5, 2001]
Funeral program for Sister Rhea Sanders, born May 29, 1913 and died March 31, 2001. The funeral was held Thursday, April 5, 2001 at St. Paul United Methodist Church, officiated by Reverend Terrance K. Hayes. Funeral arrangements were made through Lewis Funeral Home and she was buried in Fort Sam Houston Cemetery near San Antonio, Texas.
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Pamphlet
System:
The Portal to Texas History
High Resolution Prediction of Gas Injection Process Performance for Heterogeneous Reservoirs Quarterly Report
This report outlines progress in the second 3 months of the first year of the DOE project ''High Resolution Prediction of Gas Injection Process Performance for Heterogeneous Reservoirs.'' The development of an automatic technique for analytical solution of one-dimensional gas flow problems with volume change on mixing is described. The aim of this work is to develop a set of ultra-fast compositional simulation tools that can be used to make field-scale predictions of the performance of gas injection processes. To achieve the necessary accuracy, these tools must satisfy the fundamental physics and chemistry of the displacement from the pore to the reservoir scales. Thus this project focuses on four main research areas: (1) determination of the most appropriate methods of mapping multicomponent solutions to streamlines and streamtubes in 3D; (2) development of techniques for automatic generation of analytical solutions for one-dimensional flow along a streamline; (3) experimental investigations to improve the representation of physical mechanisms that govern displacement efficiency along a streamline; and (4) theoretical and experimental investigations to establish the limitations of the streamline/streamtube approach. In this report they briefly review the status of the research effort in each area. They then give a more in depth discussion of …
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Orr, Franklin M., Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
HORIZON SENSING
None
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Stolarczyk, Larry G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
In-Situ Sampling and Characterization of Naturally Occurring Marine Methane Hydrate Using the D/V JOIDES Resolution
The primary accomplishments of the JOI Cooperative Agreement with DOE/NETL in this quarter were the deployment of tools and measurement systems for testing on ODP Leg 201, which is intended to study hydrate deposits on the Peru margin as part of other scientific investigations. Additional accomplishments were related to the continuing evolution of tools and measurements systems in preparation for deployment on ODP Leg 204, Hydrate Ridge, offshore Oregon in July 2002. The design for PCS Gas Manifold was finalized and parts were procured to assemble the gas manifold and deploy this system with the Pressure Core Sampler (PCS) tool on ODP Leg 201. The PCS was deployed 17 times during ODP Leg 201 and successfully retrieved cores from a broad range of lithologies and sediment depths along the Peru margin. Eleven deployments were entirely successful, collecting between 0.5 and 1.0 meters of sediment at greater than 75% of hydrostatic pressure. The PCS gas manifold was used in conjunction with the Pressure Core Sampler (PCS) throughout ODP Leg 201 to measure the total volume and composition of gases recovered in sediment cores associated with methane hydrates. The results of these deployments will be the subject of a future progress report. …
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Rack, Frank; Schroeder, Derryl; Storms, Michael & Party, ODP Leg 201 Shipboard Scientific
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
["Kiss It Up To God" movie review and interactive discussion]
Video footage from The Black Academy of Arts and Letters recorded during the showing of a clip of the Caran Hartsfield "Kiss It Up To God" followed by a post-film interactive discussion held on March 31st, 2001. The footage centers on the discussion covering how gender, politics, and economics impact African American women in the film industry. The film itself tackles the themes of church, state and family.
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Video
System:
The UNT Digital Library
LOW TEMPERATURE CATHODE SUPPORTED ELECTROLYTES
This project has three main goals: Thin Films Studies, Preparation of Graded Porous Substrates and Basic Electrical Characterization and testing of Planar Single Cells. Substantial progress has been made on both characterizing thin films as well as developing methods to produce films on nanoporous substrates. The results of electrical conductivity measurements on ZrO{sub 2}:16%Sc nanocrystalline thin films under controlled oxygen partial pressure and temperature are presented. The experimental data have been interpreted using a defect model, which describes the interaction between Sc and oxygen vacancies resulting in the formation of donor - (Sc{sub Zr} - V{sub o} - e){sup x} and acceptor - (Sc{sub Zr}-h){sup x} levels. From this the electronic and ionic contribution to the electrical transport has been determined and correlated with the band structure. These results suggest that ZrO{sub 2}:16%Sc possesses higher electronic conductivity than ZrO{sub 2}:16%Y, which dominates the total conductivity in reducing atmospheres. This is an important result since it indicates that Sc-YSZ maybe useful in the anode regions of the cell. We have made important breakthroughs on depositing dense Ceria films on to porous LSM substrates. In previous studies we have found that in order to produce a surface which is smooth enough to …
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Anderson, Harlan U.; Huebner, Wayne & Kosacki, Igor
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
METHANE de-NOX for Utility PC Boilers
The overall project objective is the development and validation of an innovative coal combustion system, based on a novel coal preheating concept prior to combustion, that can reduce NO{sub x} emissions to 0.15 lb/million Btu or less on utility pulverized coal (PC) boilers without the need for post-combustion cleaning. Work during the quarter included initiation of the equipment fabrication effort for all pilot system components. Fabrication of the gas-fired combustor was started and completed by IGT during the quarter. The combustor was then installed in IGT's combustion laboratory for proof-of-performance testing prior to shipping to BBP for installation in the pilot-scale test system. A testing procedure and performance goals were developed for the combustor testing.
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Rabovitser, Joseph; Bryan, Bruce & Wohadlo, Stan
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Micromachined VLSI 3D electronics. Final report for period September 1, 2000 - March 31, 2001
The phase I program investigated the construction of electronic interconnections through the thickness of a silicon wafer. The novel aspects of the technology are that the length-to-width ratio of the channels is as high as 100:1, so that the minimum amount of real estate is used for contact area. Constructing a large array of these through-wafer interconnections will enable two circuit die to be coupled on opposite sides of a silicon circuit board providing high speed connection between the two.
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Beetz, C.P.; Steinbeck, J. & Hsueh, K.L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
New Heat Flow Models in Fractured Geothermal Reservoirs - Final Report
This study developed new analytical models for predicting the temperature distribution within a geothermal reservoir following reinjection of water having a temperature different from that of the reservoir. The study consisted of two parts: developing new analytical models for the heat conduction rate into multi-dimensional, parallelepiped matrix blocks and developing new analytical models for the advance of the thermal front through the geothermal reservoir. In the first part of the study, a number of semi-empirical models for the multi-dimensional heat conduction were developed to overcome the limitations to the exact solutions. The exact solution based on a similarity solution to the heat diffusion equation is the best model for the early-time period, but fails when thermal conduction fronts from opposing sides of the matrix block merge. The exact solution based on an infinite series solution was found not to be useful because it required tens of thousands of terms to be include d for accuracy. The best overall model for the entire conduction time was a semi-empirical model based on an exponential conduction rate. In the second part of the study, the early-time period exact solution based on similarity methods and the semi-empirical exponential model were used to develop new …
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Reis, John
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Optically-Based Array Sensors For Selective In Situ Analysis Of Tank Waste
The objective of this research program is to conduct the fundamental research necessary to develop an array of chemically-selective sensors, based on highly selective molecular recognition agents and highly sensitive fluorescence techniques, that can be coupled to fiber optics for remote analytical applications. The ability to detect and measure specific chemicals and radionuclides directly inside a high level waste tank using a remote sensing device could result in considerable benefits with regard to both cost savings and safety issues. An array of fiber optic sensors will be of great value to DOE for the safe and cost-effective in situ characterization of high level waste tanks and other applications where remote sensing will prevent workers from being exposed to chemicals or radiation. In this approach to the design of sensors, agents for selective molecular recognition such as crown ethers are immobilized in an organic polymer matrix that mimics the organic medium in an aqueous-nonaqueous extraction system. The matrix is attached to an optical fiber for remote detection of metal complexation by photonics measurements. Selection of the complexation agent and solvent are derived from our knowledge of metal ion specificity in the analogous aqueous-non-aqueous solvent-extraction chemistry. We additionally utilize our knowledge of …
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
Brown, Gilbert M.; Dabestani, Reza; Connesen, Peter V. & Walt, David R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
OPTIMIZATION OF THE CATHODE LONG-TERM STABILITY IN MOLTEN CARBONATE FUEL CELLS: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING
SS 304 was encapsulated with thin layers of Co-Ni by an electroless deposition process. The corrosion behavior of SS304 and Co-Ni-SS304 was investigated in molten carbonate under cathode gas atmosphere with electrochemical and surface characterization tools. Surface modification of SS304 reduced the dissolution of chromium and nickel into the molten carbonate melt. Composition of the corrosion scale formed in case of Co-Ni-SS304 is different from SS304 and shows the presence of Co and Ni oxides while the latter shows the presence of lithium ferrite. Polarization resistance for oxygen reduction reaction and conductivity of corrosion values for the corrosion scales were obtained using impedance analysis and current-potential plots. The results indicated lower polarization resistance for oxygen reduction reaction in the case of Co-Ni-SS304 when compared to SS304. Also, the conductivity of the corrosion scales was considerably higher in case of Co-Ni-SS304 than the SS304. This study shows that modifying the current collector surface with Co-Ni coatings leads to the formation of oxide scales with improved barrier properties and electronic conductivity.
Date:
March 31, 2001
Creator:
White, Dr. Ralph E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library