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A Super-Conducting Linac as a new Injector to the BNL-AGS
N/A
Date:
February 1, 2001
Creator:
A., Ruggiero
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Location Algorithms and Errors in Time-of-Arrival Systems
This report describes least squares solution methods and linearized estimates of solution errors caused by data errors. These methods are applied to event locating systems which use time-of-arrival (TOA) data. Analyses are presented for algorithms that use the TOA data in a ''direct'' manner and for algorithms utilizing Time-of-arrival Squared (TSQ) methods. Location and error estimation results were applied to a ''typical'' satellite TOA detecting system. Using Monte Carlo methods, it was found that the linearized location error estimates were valid for random data errors with relatively large variances and relatively poor event/sensor geometries. In addition to least squares methods, which use an L{sub 2} norm, methods were described for L{sub 1} and L{sub {infinity}} norms. In general, these latter norms offered little improvement over least squares methods. Reduction of the location error variances can be effected by using information in addition to the TOA data themselves by adding judiciously chosen ''conditioning'' equation(s) to the least squares system. However, the added information can adversely affect the mean errors. Also, conditioned systems may offer location solutions where nonconditioned scenarios may not be solvable. Solution methods and linearized error estimates are given for ''conditioned'' systems. It was found that for significant data …
Date:
September 1, 2001
Creator:
AARONSON, EUGENE A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evolution of Stress in ScD{sub 2}/Cr Thin Films Fabricated by Evaporation and High Temperature Reaction
The stress of scandium dideuteride, ScD{sub 2}, thin films is investigated during each stage of vacuum processing including metal deposition via evaporation, reaction and cooldown. ScD{sub 2} films with thin Cr underlayers are fabricated on three different substrate materials: molybdenum-alumina cermet, single crystal sapphire and quartz. In all experiments, the evaporated Cr and Sc metal is relatively stress-free. However, reaction of scandium metal with deuterium at elevated temperature to form a stoichiometric dideuteride phase leads to a large compressive in-plane film stress. Compression during hydriding results from an increased atomic density compared with the as-deposited metal film. After reaction with deuterium, samples are cooled to ambient temperature, and a tensile stress develops due to mismatched coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) of the substrate-film couple. The residual film stress and the propensity for films to crack during cooldown depends principally on the substrate material when using identical process parameters. Films deposited onto quartz substrates show evidence of stress relief during cooldown due to a large CTE misfit; this is correlated with crack nucleation and propagation within films. All ScD{sub 2} layers remain in a state of tension when cooled to 30 C. An in-situ, laser-based, wafer curvature sensor is designed and …
Date:
June 1, 2001
Creator:
ADAMS,DAVID P.; BROWN,LAURENCE E.; GOEKE,RONALD S.; ROMERO,JUAN A. & SILVA,ANDREW D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cloud to CAD
This paper documents work performed to convert scanned range data to CAD solid model representation. The work successfully developed surface fitting algorithms for quadric surfaces (e.g. plane, cone, cylinder, and sphere), and a segmentation algorithm based entirely on surface type, rather than on a differential metric like Gaussian curvature. Extraction of all CAD-required parameters for quadric surface representation was completed. Approximate face boundaries derived from the original point cloud were constructed. Work to extrapolate surfaces, compute exact edges and solid connectivity was begun, but left incomplete due to funding reductions. The surface fitting algorithms are robust in the face of noise and degenerate surface forms.
Date:
May 1, 2001
Creator:
AMES,ARLO L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
WHITE PAPER ON PROTON - NUCLEUS COLLISONS.
The role of proton-nucleus (p-A) collisions in the study of strong interactions has a long history. It has been an important testing ground for QCD. At RHIC p-A studies have been recognized since the beginning as important elements of the program. These include so-called baseline measurements in cold nuclear matter, essential (along with p-p studies) to a systematic study of QCD at high temperatures and densities in the search for the quark gluon plasma. Also accessible is a study of QCD in the small x (parton saturation) regime, complementary to physics accessible in high-energy e-p and e-A collisions. The role of p-A physics at RHIC was reviewed and brought into sharp focus at a workshop conducted in October 2000 at BNL; the agenda is shown in Appendix 1. This document summarizes the case for p-A at RHIC during the period covered by the next Nuclear Physics Long Range Plan. In subsequent sections we cover the Physics Issues, Experiment Run Plans and Schedule, Detector Upgrade Issues, and Machine Issues & Upgrades.
Date:
March 1, 2001
Creator:
ARONSON,S.H. & PENG,J.C.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
NOVEL GAS CLEANING/CONDITIONING FOR INTEGRATED GASIFICATION COMBINED CYCLE
The objective of this program is to develop and evaluate novel sorbents for the Siemens Westinghouse Power Company's (SWPC's) ''Ultra-Clean Gas Cleaning Process'' for reducing to near-zero levels the sulfur- and chlorine-containing gas emissions and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) caused by fuel bound constituents found in carbonaceous materials, which are processed in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) technologies.
Date:
July 1, 2001
Creator:
Abbasian, Javad
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program: How are State Allotments Determined?
This report discusses the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP), which is a block grant program under which the federal government provides states annual grants to operate multi-component home energy assistance programs for needy households.
Date:
April 17, 2001
Creator:
Abbey, Craig W.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Sampling FY01 Annual Report - Understanding the Movement of Mercury in the Environmental Surrounding the INEEL
Environmental fate and transport of the toxic air pollutant mercury (Hg) is currently a high-priority regional concern for the INEEL, and national and global concern for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). At the INEEL’s Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC), significant quantities (est. 40 kg/year) of Hg may have been released over 37 years of Environmental Management’s (EM) High-Level Waste (HLW) treatment operations. The EPA is very concerned about the continued global buildup of Hg in the atmosphere and aquatic ecosystems, and has recently invested heavily in Hg research to better understand its complex environmental cycling.1,2 The Environmental Sampling work began in FY99 as a joint INEEL/U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) field research effort to (a) better understand the fate and potential impacts of Hg emissions from the INEEL’s HLW treatment operations (operational component) and (b) contribute at a national level to the scientific understanding of local, regional, and global Hg fate and transport (research component). The USGS contributed snow sampling support in the field (Water Resources Division, Salt Lake City) and laboratory analysis of all samples (Wisconsin District Mercury Research Laboratory).
Date:
September 1, 2001
Creator:
Abbott, Michael Lehman
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Linear Collider Physics Resource Book for Snowmass 2001
The American particle physics community can look forward to a well-conceived and vital program of experimentation for the next ten years, using both colliders and fixed target beams to study a wide variety of pressing questions. Beyond 2010, these programs will be reaching the end of their expected lives. The CERN LHC will provide an experimental program of the first importance. But beyond the LHC, the American community needs a coherent plan. The Snowmass 2001 Workshop and the deliberations of the HEPAP subpanel offer a rare opportunity to engage the full community in planning our future for the next decade or more. A major accelerator project requires a decade from the beginning of an engineering design to the receipt of the first data. So it is now time to decide whether to begin a new accelerator project that will operate in the years soon after 2010. We believe that the world high-energy physics community needs such a project. With the great promise of discovery in physics at the next energy scale, and with the opportunity for the uncovering of profound insights, we cannot allow our field to contract to a single experimental program at a single laboratory in the world. …
Date:
May 3, 2001
Creator:
Abe, T.; Dawson, S.; Heinemeyer, S.; Marciano, W.; Paige, F.; Turcot, A. S. et al.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electricity: The Road Toward Restructuring
The Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935 (PUHCA) and the Federal Power Act (FPA) were enacted to eliminate unfair practices and other abuses by electricity and gas holding companies by requiring federal control and regulation of interstate public utility holding companies. Comprehensive energy legislation has passed the House and Senate. The House passed H.R. 6 on April 11, 2003. On July 31, 2003, the Senate suspended debate on S. 14, inserted the text of H.R. 4 (107th Congress) as a substitute, and passed H.R. 6. A conference agreement was reached November 17, 2003, and passed by the House the next day. H.R. 6 includes an electricity title that would, in part, repeal PUHCA, would prospectively repeal the mandatory purchase requirement under PURPA, and would create an electric reliability organization. On June 15, 2004, H.R. 4503, a comprehensive energy policy bill, passed the House.
Date:
September 7, 2001
Creator:
Abel, Amy & Parker, Larry
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Laboratory Studies of the Effects of Pressure and Dissolved Gas Supersaturation on Turbine-Passed Fish
The objective of this study was to examine the relative importance of pressure changes as a source of turbine-passage injury and mortality. Specific tests were designed to quantify the response of fish to rapid pressure changes typical of turbine passage, with and without the complication of the fish being acclimated to gas supersaturated water. We investigated the responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha), and bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) to these two stresses, both singly and in combination.
Date:
March 23, 2001
Creator:
Abernethy, Cary S & Amidan, Brett G
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Laboratory Studies of the Effects of Pressure and Dissolved Gas Supersaturation on Turbine-Passed Fish
The objective of this study was to examine the relative importance of pressure changes as a source of turbine-passage injury and mortality. Specific tests were designed to quantify the response of fish to rapid pressure changes typical of turbine passage, with and without the complication of the fish being acclimated to gas supersaturated water. We investigated the responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha), and bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) to these two stresses, both singly and in combination.
Date:
March 23, 2001
Creator:
Abernethy, Cary S.; Amidan, Brett G. & Cada, G F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Migration and Entrapment of DNAPLs in Heterogeneous Systems: Impact of Waste and Porous Medium Composition
Previously funded EMSP research efforts have been directed towards the quantification of dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) migration and entrapment behavior in physically and chemically heterogeneous systems. This important research has demonstrated that chemical heterogeneities can have a significant influence on DNAPL fate and persistence. Previous work, however, has been limited to pure DNAPLs and well defined aqueous and solid surface chemistries. Subsurface chemical heterogeneities at many DOE sites are generally more complex as a result of the disposal of mixtures of wastes into heterogeneous subsurface environments. The research planned in this project seeks to build upon our previous research experience and expertise to explore the influence of waste and porous media composition on DNAPL migration and entrapment in the saturated zone. DNAPL mixtures and soils typical of those found across the DOE complex will be used in these studies. Many of the experimental procedures and protocols to be employed are based upon those developed under previous EMSP funding. This past work also provides the conceptual framework for characterizing and interpreting experimental results, mathematical model development, and inverse modeling protocols. Specific objectives of this research are identified below: (1) Relate measured interfacial properties for representative wastes and soils to parameters …
Date:
June 1, 2001
Creator:
Abriola, Linda M. & Demond, Avery H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
EARLY ENTRANCE COPRODUCTION PLANT
The overall objective of this project is the three phase development of an Early Entrance Coproduction Plant (EECP) which produces at least one product from at least two of the following three categories: (1) electric power (or heat), (2) fuels, and (3) chemicals. The objective is to have these products produced by technologies capable of using synthesis gas derived from coal and/or other carbonaceous feedstocks. The objective of Phase I is to determine the feasibility and define the concept for the EECP located at a specific site and to develop a Research, Development, and Testing Plan (RD and T) for implementation in Phase II. The objective of Phase II is to implement the RD and T as outlined in the Phase I RD and T Plan to enhance the development and commercial acceptance of coproduction technology that produces high-value products, particularly those that are critical to our domestic fuel and power requirements. The project will resolve critical knowledge and technology gaps on the integration of gasification and downstream processing to coproduce some combination of power, fuels, and chemicals from coal and/or other carbonaceous feedstocks. The objective of Phase III is to develop an engineering design package and a financing plan …
Date:
February 15, 2001
Creator:
Abughazaleh, John S.; Ahmed, Mushtaq; Anand, Ashok; Anderson, John H.; Benham, Charles; Brent, Fred D. et al.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
EARLY ENTRANCE COPRODUCTION PLANT
The overall objective of this project is the three-phase development of an Early Entrance Coproduction Plant (EECP) that produces at least one product from at least two of the following three categories: Electric power (or heat); Fuels; and Chemicals. The objective is to have these products produced by technologies capable of using synthesis gas derived from coal and/or some other carbonaceous feedstock, such as petroleum coke. The objective of Phase I was to determine the feasibility and define the concept for the EECP located at a specific site and to develop a Research, Development, and Testing (RD and T) Plan for implementation in Phase II. This objective has now been accomplished. A specific site, Motiva Refinery in Port Arthur, Texas, has been selected as the location best suited for the EECP. The accomplishments of Phase I are discussed in detail in this Phase I Concept Report. A RD and T Plan and a preliminary project financing plan have been developed and are submitted separately from this report.
Date:
May 17, 2001
Creator:
Abughazaleh, John S.; Ahmed, Mushtaq; Anand, Ashok; Anderson, John H.; Benham, Charles; Brent, Fred D. et al.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Monitoring the Migrations of Wild Snake River Spring/Summer Chinook Salmon Smolts, 1999 Annual Report.
This report details the 1999 results from an ongoing project to monitor the migration behavior of wild spring/summer chinook salmon smolts in the Snake River Basin. The report also discusses trends in the cumulative data collected for this project from Oregon and Idaho streams since 1989.
Date:
June 1, 2001
Creator:
Achord, Stephen
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Alabama School Prayer Case: Chandler v. Siegelman
This report considers the events of Chandler v. James in 1997. The case was a federal district court ruling in Alabama holding up a statute to violate the establishment of religion of the First amendment. The Governor attempted to appeal the court's position to both the Supreme Court and the circuit court but was denied.
Date:
June 25, 2001
Creator:
Ackerman, David M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Education Vouchers: Constitutional Issues and Cases
This report details the constitutional standards that currently apply to indirect aid programs and summarizes all of the pertinent state and federal court decisions, including the Ohio case that will be heard by the Supreme Court. On September 25, 2001, the Supreme Court agreed to review a case raising the controversial issue of the constitutionality of education vouchers. In Zelman v. Simmons-Harris the Sixth Circuit held Ohio’s Pilot Scholarship Program, which provided up to $2500 to help low-income students in Cleveland’s public schools attend private schools in the city, to violate the establishment of religion clause of the First Amendment.
Date:
November 15, 2001
Creator:
Ackerman, David M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Global Climate Change: Selected Legal Questions About the Kyoto Protocol
This report addresses legal issues after the United States signed the Kyoto Protocol to the UnitedNations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The protocol is not yet in effect internationally and cannot be legally binding on the U.S. unless and until the Senate gives its advice and consent.
Date:
January 10, 2001
Creator:
Ackerman, David M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Global Climate Change: Selected Legal Questions About the Kyoto Protocol
This report addresses legal issues after the United States signed the Kyoto Protocol to the UnitedNations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The protocol is not yet in effect internationally and cannot be legally binding on the U.S. unless and until the Senate gives its advice and consent.
Date:
March 29, 2001
Creator:
Ackerman, David M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Response to Terrorism: Legal Aspects of the Use of Military Force
None
Date:
September 13, 2001
Creator:
Ackerman, David M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Mass Sensor
The purpose of this CRADA was to use Honeywell's experience in low temperature cofire ceramics and traditional ceramics to assemble a relatively low-cost, mass-producible miniature mass analyzer. The specific design, given to us by Mass Sensors, LLC, was used to test for helium. The direct benefit for the participant was to have a prototype unit assembled for the purpose of proof of concept and the ability to secure venture capital investors. From that, the company would begin producing their own product for sale. The consumer/taxpayer benefits come from the wide variety of industries that can utilize this technology to improve quality of life. Medical industry can use this technology to improve diagnostic ability; manufacturing industry can use it for improved air, water, and soil monitoring to minimize pollution; and the law enforcement community can use this technology for identification of substances. These are just a few examples of the benefit of this technology. The benefits to DOE were in the area of process improvement for cofire and ceramic materials. From this project we demonstrated nonlinear thickfilm fine lines and spaces that were 5-mil wide with 5-mil spaces; determined height-to diameter-ratios for punched and filled via holes; demonstrated the ability to …
Date:
January 18, 2001
Creator:
Adams, B.E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Sulfur Polymer Stabilization/Solidification (Spss) Treatability of Los Alamos National Laboratory Mercury Waste.
Brookhaven National Laboratory's Sulfur Polymer Stabilization/Solidification (SPSS) process was used to treat approximately 90kg of elemental mercury mixed waste from Los Alamos National Laboratory. Treatment was carried out in a series of eight batches using a 1 ft{sup 3} pilot-scale mixer, where mercury loading in each batch was 33.3 weight percent. Although leach performance is currently not regulated for amalgamated elemental mercury (Hg) mixed waste, Toxicity Characteristic Leach Procedure (TCLP) testing of SPSS treated elemental mercury waste indicates that leachability is readily reduced to below the TCLP limit of 200 ppb (regulatory requirement following treatment by retort for wastes containing > 260 ppb Hg), and with process optimization, to levels less than the stringent Universal Treatment Standard (UTS) limit of 25 ppb that is applied to waste containing < 260 ppm Hg. In addition, mercury-contaminated debris, consisting of primary glass and plastic containers, as well as assorted mercury thermometers, switches, and labware, was first reacted with SPSS components to stabilize the mercury contamination, then macroencapsulated in the molten SPSS product. This treatment was done by vigorous agitation of the sulfur polymer powder and the comminuted debris. Larger plastic and metal containers were reacted to stabilize internal mercury contamination, and then …
Date:
November 1, 2001
Creator:
Adams, J. W. & Kalb, P. D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Studies of the Transformations of Sulfur Containing Heterocycles by Transition Metal Cluster Compounds. Final Report, June 1, 1995 - October 31, 1999
Report on results of research on the catalytic macrocyclization reactions of thietane and thiolactones by metal carbonyl complexes.
Date:
May 16, 2001
Creator:
Adams, Richard D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library