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The microstructure of eutectic Au-Sn solder bumps on Cu/electroless Ni/Au (open access)

The microstructure of eutectic Au-Sn solder bumps on Cu/electroless Ni/Au

None
Date: May 1, 2001
Creator: Song, H. G.; Ahn, J. P. & Morris, J. W., Jr.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Future Accelerators, Muon Colliders, and Neutrino Factories (open access)

Future Accelerators, Muon Colliders, and Neutrino Factories

Particle physics is driven by five great topics. Neutrino oscillations and masses are now at the fore. The standard model with extensions to supersymmetry and a Higgs to generate mass explains much of the field. The origins of CP violation are not understood. The possibility of extra dimensions has raised tantalizing new questions. A fifth topic lurking in the background is the possibility of something totally different. Many of the questions raised by these topics require powerful new accelerators. It is not an overstatement to say that for some of the issues, the accelerator is almost the experiment. Indeed some of the questions require machines beyond our present capability. As this volume attests, there are parts of the particle physics program that have been significantly advanced without the use of accelerators such as the subject of neutrino oscillations and many aspects of the particle-cosmology interface. At this stage in the development of physics, both approaches are needed and important. This chapter first reviews the status of the great accelerator facilities now in operation or coming on within the decade. Next, midrange possibilities are discussed including linear colliders with the adjunct possibility of gamma-gamma colliders, muon colliders, with precursor neutrino factories, …
Date: December 19, 2001
Creator: Carrigan, Richard A., Jr.
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Visionary's Dilemma (open access)

The Visionary's Dilemma

Novel technologies often are born prior to identifying application arenas that can provide the financial support for their development and maturation. After creating new technologies, innovators rush to identify some previously difficult-to-meet product or process challenge. In this regard, microsystems technology is following a path that many other electronic technologies have previously faced. From this perspective, the development of a robust technology follows a three-stage approach. First there is the ''That idea will never work.'' stage, which is hurdled only by proving the concept. Next is the ''Why use such a novel (unproven) technology instead of a conventional one?'' stage. This stage is overcome when a particular important device cannot be made economically--or at all--through the existing technological base. This initial incorporation forces at least limited use of the new technology, which in turn provides the revenues and the user base to mature and sustain the technology. Finally there is the ''Sure that technology (e.g., microsystems) is good for that product (e.g., accelerometers and pressure sensors), but the problems are too severe for any other application'' stage which is only overcome with the across-the-board application of the new technology. With an established user base, champions for the technology become willing …
Date: October 12, 2001
Creator: Walsh, Steve; Myers, David R.; Sumpter, Carol W. & Jakubczak, Jerome F., II
System: The UNT Digital Library
HYBRIDIZATION AND PRESSURE EFFECTS IN UTX COMPOUNDS (open access)

HYBRIDIZATION AND PRESSURE EFFECTS IN UTX COMPOUNDS

None
Date: November 1, 2001
Creator: Alsmadi, A. M.; Sechovsky, V.; Lacerda, A. H.; Prokes, K.; Kamarad, J.; Brück, E. et al.
System: The UNT Digital Library
For the Record, Spring 2001 (open access)

For the Record, Spring 2001

For the Record section including minutes of the regular quarterly board meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on October 25, 2000.
Date: Spring 2001
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Notes and Documents, Spring 2001 (open access)

Notes and Documents, Spring 2001

Notes and Documents column including a document about the writer Glenn Shirley, who was inducted into the annual Oklahoma Historians Hall of Fame in 2001, and a list of his books and articles. It also includes "Into the West: Oklahoma Remembered," an essay that situates Oklahoma in the author's view and experience of the American West and includes references to the titular book.
Date: Spring 2001
Creator: Blochowiak, Mary Ann & Nugent, Walter
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
For the Record, Summer 2001 (open access)

For the Record, Summer 2001

For the Record section including the minutes of the Quarterly Board Meeting of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on January 24, 2001.
Date: Summer 2001
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Notes and Documents, Summer 2001 (open access)

Notes and Documents, Summer 2001

Notes and Documents column including a document honoring Carolyn Thomas Foreman, who was inducted into the annual Oklahoma Historians Hall of Fame in 2001. The document lists the projects she created, such as the Indian-Pioneer History Project, as well as the books and articles she published.
Date: Summer 2001
Creator: Armstrong, Connie G.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
For the Record, Fall 2001 (open access)

For the Record, Fall 2001

For the Record section including the minutes of the Quarterly Board Meeting of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on April 19-20, 2001, as well as the minutes of the Annual Meeting of the Membership held by the Oklahoma Historical Society on April 20, 2001.
Date: Autumn 2001
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Notes and Documents, Fall 2001 (open access)

Notes and Documents, Fall 2001

Notes and Documents column including a document honoring Louis H. Coleman, who was inducted into the annual Oklahoma Historians Hall of Fame in 2001. It also includes a document about the Garrison quilt, a quilt donated by the great-grandson of Stephen A. Lewis, the Union soldier who created it, and a document that provides a descriptive bibliography of secondary sources related to the Green Corn Rebellion.
Date: Autumn 2001
Creator: Armstrong, Connie G.; Winchester, Jean A. & Hanne, Daniel
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
For the Record, Winter 2001-02 (open access)

For the Record, Winter 2001-02

For the Record section including the minutes of the regular quarterly board meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on July 25, 2001.
Date: Winter 2001
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Notes and Documents, Winter 2001-02 (open access)

Notes and Documents, Winter 2001-02

Notes and Documents column including a document honoring Daniel F. Littlefield, Jr., who was inducted into the Oklahoma Historians Hall of Fame in 2001. It also includes a document about a letter Woodie Guthrie wrote to his first niece, Mary Ann Guthrie, which was donated and included.
Date: Winter 2001
Creator: Armstrong, Connie G. & Blochowiak, Mary Ann
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Creek Draft Rebellion of 1918: Wartime Hysteria and Indian-Baiting in WWI Oklahoma (open access)

The Creek Draft Rebellion of 1918: Wartime Hysteria and Indian-Baiting in WWI Oklahoma

Article depicts the events following the "Creek Draft Rebellion of 1918" and subsequent long and costly investigation into the leader of the demonstration, Ellen Perryman. Thomas A. Britten demonstrates the public hysteria perpetrated by the press and stereotypical negative image of Native Americans that was present in WWI Oklahoma.
Date: Summer 2001
Creator: Britten, Thomas A.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History