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HANFORD REGULATORY EXPERIENCE REGULATION AT HANFORD A CASE STUDY
Hanford has played a pivotal role in the United States' defense for more than 60 years, beginning with the Manhattan Project in the 1940s. During its history, the Hanford Site has had nine reactors producing plutonium for the United States' nuclear weapons program. All the reactors were located next to the Columbia River and all had associated low-level radioactive and hazardous waste releases. Site cleanup, which formally began in 1989 with the signing of the Hanford Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order, also known as the Tri-Party Agreement, involves more than 1,600 waste sites and burial grounds, and the demolition of more than 1,500buildings and structures, Cleanup is scheduled to be complete by 2035. Regulatory oversight of the cleanup is being performed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Washington State Department of Ecology(Ecology) under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) and the Revised Code of Washington, 'Hazardous Waste Management.' Cleanup of the waste sites and demolition of the many buildings and structures generates large volumes of contaminated soil, equipment, demolition debris, and other wastes that must be disposed of in a secure manner to prevent further environmental degradation. From a risk perspective, it is …
Date:
September 24, 2007
Creator:
AR, HAWKINS
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Neutrino Observations From the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) is a water imaging Cherenkov detector. Its usage of 1000 metric tons of D{sub 2}O as target allows the SNO detector to make a solar-model independent test of the neutrino oscillation hypothesis by simultaneously measuring the solar {nu}{sub e} flux and the total flux of all active neutrino species. Solar neutrinos from the decay of {sup 8}B have been detected at SNO by the charged-current (CC) interaction on the deuteron and by the elastic scattering (ES) of electrons. While the CC reaction is sensitive exclusively to {nu}{sub e}, the ES reaction also has a small sensitivity to {nu}{sub {mu}} and {nu}{sub {tau}}. In this paper, recent solar neutrino results from the SNO experiment are presented. It is demonstrated that the solar flux from {sup 8}B decay as measured from the ES reaction rate under the no-oscillation assumption is consistent with the high precision ES measurement by the Super-Kamiokande experiment. The {nu}{sub e} flux deduced from the CC reaction rate in SNO differs from the Super-Kamiokande ES results by 3.3{sigma}. This is evidence for an active neutrino component, in additional to {nu}{sub e}, in the solar neutrino flux. These results also allow the first experimental determination …
Date:
September 24, 2001
Creator:
Ahmad, Q. R.; Allen, R. C.; Andersen, T. C.; Anglin, J. D.; Barton, J. C.; Beier, E. W. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 28, No. 38, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 24, 2009
Weekly newspaper from Timpson, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
September 24, 2009
Creator:
Alexander, Nancy
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Cutting Edge Ergonomics for Laboratories
None
Date:
September 24, 2007
Creator:
Alexandre, Melanie
Object Type:
Presentation
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Light-ion therapy in the U.S.: From the Bevalac to ??
While working with E.O. Lawrence at Berkeley, R.R. Wilson in 1946 noted the potential for using the Bragg-peak of protons (or heavier ions) for radiation therapy. Thus began the long history of contributions from Berkeley to this field. Pioneering work by C.A. Tobias et al at the 184-Inch Synchrocyclotron led ultimately to clinical applications of proton and helium beams, with over 1000 patients treated through 1974 with high-energy plateau radiation; placing the treatment volume (mostly pituitary fields) at the rotational center of a sophisticated patient positioner. In 1974 the SuperHILAC and Bevatron accelerators at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory were joined by the construction of a 250-meter transfer line, forming the Bevalac, a facility capable of accelerating ions of any atomic species to relativistic energies. With the advent of these new beams, and better diagnostic tools capable of more precise definition of tumor volume and determination of the stopping point of charged-particle beams, large-field Bragg-peak therapy with ion beams became a real possibility. A dedicated Biomedical experimental area was developed, ultimately consisting of three distinct irradiation stations; two dedicated to therapy and one to radiobiology and biophysics. These facilities included dedicated support areas for patient setup and staging of animal and …
Date:
September 24, 2002
Creator:
Alonso, Jose R. & Castro, Joseph R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 105, No. 163, Ed. 1 Wednesday, September 24, 2003
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
September 24, 2003
Creator:
Andrews, Mike
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 106, No. 151, Ed. 1 Friday, September 24, 2004
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
September 24, 2004
Creator:
Andrews, Mike
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Toward Control of Matter: Basic Energy Science Needs for a New Class of X-Ray Light Sources
Over the past quarter century, light-source user facilities have transformed research in areas ranging from gas-phase chemical dynamics to materials characterization. The ever-improving capabilities of these facilities have revolutionized our ability to study the electronic structure and dynamics of atoms, molecules, and even the most complex new materials, to understand catalytic reactions, to visualize magnetic domains, and to solve protein structures. Yet these outstanding facilities still have limitations well understood by their thousands of users. Accordingly, over the past several years, many proposals and conceptual designs for"next-generation" x-ray light sources have been developed around the world. In order to survey the scientific problems that might be addressed specifically by those new light sources operating below a photon energy of about 3 keV and to identify the scientific requirements that should drive the design of such facilities, a workshop"Science for a New Class of Soft X-Ray Light Sources" was held in Berkeley in October 2007. From an analysisof the most compelling scientific questions that could be identified and the experimental requirements for answering them, we set out to define, without regard to the specific technologies upon which they might be based, the capabilities such light sources would have to deliver in …
Date:
September 24, 2008
Creator:
Arenholz, Elke; Belkacem, Ali; Cocke, Lew; Corlett, John; Falcone, Roger; Fischer, Peter et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of the carbon-related 'blue' luminescence in GaN
The properties of a broad 2.86 eV photoluminescence band in carbon-doped GaN were studied as a function of C-doping level, temperature, and excitation density. The results are consistent with a C{sub Ga}-C{sub N} deep donor-deep acceptor recombination mechanism as proposed by Seager et al. For GaN:C grown by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) the 2.86 eV band is observed in Si co-doped layers exhibiting high n-type conductivity as well as in semi-insulating material. For low excitation density (4 W/cm{sup 2}) the 2.86 eV band intensity decreases as a function of cw-laser exposure time over a period of many minutes. The transient behavior is consistent with a model based on carrier diffusion and charge trapping-induced Coulomb barriers. The temperature dependence of the blue luminescence below 150 K was different for carbon-contaminated GaN grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) compared to C-doped MBE GaN.
Date:
September 24, 2004
Creator:
Armitage, R.; Yang, Q. & Weber, E.R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
How well do we know the electromagnetic form factors of the proton?
Recent measurements of recoil polarization in elastic scattering have been used to extract the ratio of the electric to the magnetic proton form factors. These results disagree with Rosenbluth extractions from cross section measurements, indicating either an inconsistency between the two techniques, or a problem with either the polarization transfer or cross section measurements. To obtain precise knowledge of the proton form factors, they must first understand the source of this discrepancy.
Date:
September 24, 2002
Creator:
Arrington, J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Shielding Design Aspects of SR Beamlines for 3-GeV And 8-GeV Class Synchrotron Radiation Facilities
Differences in synchrotron radiation beamline shielding design between the facilities of 3 GeV class and 8 GeV class are discussed with regard to SLAC SSRL and SPring-8 beamlines. Requirements of beamline shielding as well as the accelerator shielding depend on the stored electron energy, and here some factors in beamline shielding depending on the stored energy in particular, are clarified, namely the effect of build up, the effect of double scattering of photons at branch beamlines, and the spread of gas bremsstrahlung.
Date:
September 24, 2007
Creator:
Asano, Yoshihiro; Liu, James C. & Rokni, Sayed
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Why Rich Religion Gets Its Way
Lecture given Wednesday, September 24, 2008, 1:30 PM at Abilene Christian University: "Most Christians say they reject 'health and wealth' theology. Most Christians seem to want more than anything to be healthy and wealthy. Amos has something to say to most Christians."
Date:
September 24, 2008
Creator:
Atchley, Rick
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Search for CP Violation in the Decays D0 to K- K+and D0 to pi- pi+
We measure CP-violating asymmetries of neutral charmed mesons in the modes D{sup 0} {yields} K{sup -}K{sup +} and D{sup 0} {yields} {pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +} with the highest precision to date by using D{sup 0} {yields} K{sup -}{pi}{sup +} decays to correct detector asymmetries. An analysis of 385.8 fb{sup -}1 of data collected with the BaBar detector yields values of a{sup KK}{sub CP} = (0.00 {+-} 0.34 (stat.) {+-} 0.13 (syst.))% and a{sup {pi}{pi}}{sub CP} = (-0.24 {+-} 0.52 (stat.) {+-} 0.22 (syst.))%, which agree with Standard Model predictions.
Date:
September 24, 2007
Creator:
Aubert, B.; Bona, M.; Boutigny, D.; Karyotakis, Y.; Lees, J. P.; Poireau, V. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Would the Apostle Paul Use the Internet? Missions in a Wired World - Be Plugged into All Your Mission Efforts Through Creative Internet Use
Lecture given Wednesday, September 24, 2008, 4:00 PM at Abilene Christian University: "Would you like to live with continuous contact with your missionaries and their work? Could you stretch your missions budget dollar? Find out how your missions program can expand, become more personal and more immediate."
Date:
September 24, 2008
Creator:
Austin, Steve
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Integration of Multiple Contractors with Performance Type of Contracts
The management practices, procedures, and processes that are suited to managing Management and Operation (M&O) type of contracts at Department of Energy (DOE) sites, which were cost reimbursement with award fee, are not well suited to managing contracts where fee is determined by performance metrics. Thus a different style of management, requiring substantial revamping of the management process, is needed. This shift in philosophy also requires a dramatic shift in culture. This paper will describe how these changes are being managed at the River Protection Project (RPP), located at the DOE's Hanford Site in Washington State, one of DOE's largest and highest risk environmental clean-up project.
Date:
September 24, 2000
Creator:
BURDGE, L.F.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Graph-based Techniques for Orbit Classification: Early Results
None
Date:
September 24, 2005
Creator:
Bagherjeiran, A. & Kamath, C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A Camera for Coherent Diffractive Imaging and Holography With a Soft-X-Ray Free Electron Laser
We describe a camera to record coherent scattering patterns with a soft-X-ray free-electron laser. The camera consists of a laterally-graded multilayer mirror which reflects the diffraction pattern onto a CCD detector. The mirror acts as a bandpass filter both for wavelength and angle, which isolates the desired scattering pattern from non-sample scattering or incoherent emission from the sample. The mirror also solves the particular problem of the extreme intensity of the FEL pulses, which are focused to greater than 10{sup 14} W/cm{sup 2}. The strong undiffracted pulse passes through a hole in the mirror and propagates on to a beam dump at a distance behind the instrument rather than interacting with a beamstop placed near the CCD. The camera concept is extendable for the full range of the fundamental wavelength of the FLASH FEL (i.e. between 6 nm and 60 nm) and into the water window. We have fabricated and tested various multilayer mirrors for wavelengths of 32 nm, 16 nm, 13.5 nm, and 4.5 nm. At the shorter wavelengths mirror roughness must be minimized to reduce scattering from the mirror. We have recorded over 30,000 diffraction patterns at the FLASH free-electron laser with no observable mirror damage or degradation …
Date:
September 24, 2007
Creator:
Bajt, S.; Chapman, H. N.; Spiller, E.; Alameda, J.; Woods, B.; Frank, M. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Integrated Computing, Communication, and Distributed Control of Deregulated Electric Power Systems
Restructuring of the electricity market has affected all aspects of the power industry from generation to transmission, distribution, and consumption. Transmission circuits, in particular, are stressed often exceeding their stability limits because of the difficulty in building new transmission lines due to environmental concerns and financial risk. Deregulation has resulted in the need for tighter control strategies to maintain reliability even in the event of considerable structural changes, such as loss of a large generating unit or a transmission line, and changes in loading conditions due to the continuously varying power consumption. Our research efforts under the DOE EPSCoR Grant focused on Integrated Computing, Communication and Distributed Control of Deregulated Electric Power Systems. This research is applicable to operating and controlling modern electric energy systems. The controls developed by APERC provide for a more efficient, economical, reliable, and secure operation of these systems. Under this program, we developed distributed control algorithms suitable for large-scale geographically dispersed power systems and also economic tools to evaluate their effectiveness and impact on power markets. Progress was made in the development of distributed intelligent control agents for reliable and automated operation of integrated electric power systems. The methodologies employed combine information technology, control and …
Date:
September 24, 2008
Creator:
Bajura, Richard & Feliachi, Ali
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Strategic Petroleum Reserve
None
Date:
September 24, 2004
Creator:
Bamberger, Robert L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Measurements of Coherent Synchrotron Radiation and its Impact on the LCLS Electron Beam
In order to reach the high peak current required for an x-ray FEL, two separate magnetic dipole chicanes are used in the LCLS accelerator to compress the electron bunch length in stages. In these bunch compressors, coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) can be emitted-induced either by a short electron bunch, or by any longitudinal density modulation that may be on the bunch. We present measurements, simulations, and analysis of (1) the CSR-induced energy loss, (2) the related transverse emittance growth, and (3) the microbunching-induced CSR directly observed at optical wavelengths.
Date:
September 24, 2008
Creator:
Bane, K. L. F.; Decker, F. J.; Ding, Y.; Dowell, D.; Emma, P.; Frisch, J. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Frequency Conversion Activation on the Mercury Laser
High efficiency frequency conversion while operating at average power is critical for the Mercury laser. We will demonstrate average power frequency conversion of face-cooled DKDP and YCOB crystals using a sapphire heat spreader approach.
Date:
September 24, 2004
Creator:
Bayramian, A. J.; Beach, R. J.; Bibeau, C.; Campbell, R.; Ebbers, C. A.; Freitas, B. L. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Applications of Crystal Plasticity in Multiscale Modeling
Multiscale modeling with crystal plasticity constitutive relations is used to determine the average response of a polycrystal. The measured crystallographic texture of a copper shaped charge liner is used in a crystal plasticity model to construct a yield surface that exhibits normal-shear coupling. Simulations with this yield surface model demonstrate the spinning behavior observed in the spin formed copper shaped charges.
Date:
September 24, 2001
Creator:
Becker, R.; Busche, M.; Schwartz, A. J. & Kumar, M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Bounds and Estimates for Transport Coefficients of Random and Porous Media with High Contrasts
Bounds on transport coefficients of random polycrystals of laminates are presented, including the well-known Hashin-Shtrikman bounds and some newly formulated bounds involving two formation factors for a two-component porous medium. Some new types of self-consistent estimates are then formulated based on the observed analytical structure both of these bounds and also of earlier self-consistent estimates (of the CPA or coherent potential approximation type). A numerical study is made, assuming first that the internal structure (i.e., the laminated grain structure) is not known, and then that it is known. The purpose of this aspect of the study is to attempt to quantify the differences in the predictions of properties of a system being modeled when such organized internal structure is present in the medium but detailed spatial correlation information may or (more commonly) may not be available. Some methods of estimating formation factors from data are also presented and then applied to a high-contrast fluid-permeability data set. Hashin-Shtrikman bounds are found to be very accurate estimates for low contrast heterogeneous media. But formation factor lower bounds are superior estimates for high contrast situations. The new self-consistent estimators also tend to agree better with data than either the bounds or the CPA …
Date:
September 24, 2004
Creator:
Berger, E. L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Proposals for Intelligence Reorganization, 1949-2004
None
Date:
September 24, 2004
Creator:
Best, Richard A., Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library