USDOE/EPRI BIOMASS COFIRING COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT (open access)

USDOE/EPRI BIOMASS COFIRING COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT

During the period of April 1, 2000 through June 30, 2000, alternatives for relocating the Seward Generating Station cofiring project were investigated. A test was conducted at Bailly Generating Station of Northern Indiana Public Service Co., firing a blend of Black Thunder (Powder River Basin) coal and Illinois basin coal, in cyclone boiler designed for Illinois basin coal. This test at Bailly was designed to determine the technical feasibility of cofiring at that station using PRB coals. This report summarizes the activities during the second calendar quarter in 2000 of the USDOE/EPRI Biomass Cofiring Cooperative Agreement. It focuses upon reporting the results of construction and testing activities at these generating stations.
Date: July 1, 2000
Creator: Hughes, E. & Tillman, D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
VALUE-ADDED SORBENT DEVELOPMENT (open access)

VALUE-ADDED SORBENT DEVELOPMENT

On a worldwide basis, the projected increase in coal usage over the next two decades in China, India, and Indonesia will dwarf the current U.S. coal consumption of 1 billion tons/year. Therefore, in the United States, coal will be the dominant source of mercury emissions, and worldwide, coal may be the cause of significantly increased mercury emissions unless an effective control strategy is implemented. However, there is much uncertainty over the most technically sound and cost-effective approach for reducing mercury emissions from coal-fired boilers. Several approaches are suggested for mercury control from coal-fired boilers, including enhancing the ability of wet scrubbers to retain mercury. However, many coal-fired boilers are not equipped with wet scrubbers. On the other hand, since almost all coal-fired boilers are equipped with either an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) or a baghouse, sorbent injection upstream of either an ESP or baghouse appears attractive, because it has the potential to control both Hg{sup 0} and Hg{sup 2+}, would appear to be easy to retrofit, and would be applicable to both industrial and utility boilers. Since mercury in the gas stream from coal combustion is present in only trace quantities, only very small amounts of sorbent may be necessary. If …
Date: July 1, 2000
Creator: Dunham, Grant E.; Olson, Edwin S. & Miller, Stanley J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Visual Measurements of Droplet Size in Gas Liquid Annular Flow (open access)

Visual Measurements of Droplet Size in Gas Liquid Annular Flow

Drop size distributions have been measured for nitrogen-water annular flow in a 9.67 mm hydraulic diameter duct, at system pressures of 3.4 and 17 atm and a temperature of 38 C. These new data extend the range of conditions represented by existing data in the open literature, primarily through an increase in system pressure. Since most existing correlations were developed from data obtained at lower pressures, it should be expected that the higher-pressure data presented in this paper would not necessarily follow those correlations. The correlation of Tatterson, et al. (1977) does not predict the new data very well, while the correlation of Kataoka, et al. (1983) only predicts those data taken at the lower pressure of 3.4 atm. However, the maximum drop size correlation of Kocamustafaogullari, et al. (1994) does predict the current data to a reasonable approximation. Similarly, their correlation for the Sauter mean diameter can predict the new data, provided the coefficient in the equation is adjusted.
Date: July 1, 2000
Creator: Fore, L. B.; Ibrahim, B. B. & Beus, S. G.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Waste Crate and Container Imaging Using the Vehicle and Cargo Inspection System. Innovative Technology Summary Report (open access)

Waste Crate and Container Imaging Using the Vehicle and Cargo Inspection System. Innovative Technology Summary Report

The Vehicle and Cargo Inspection System (VACIS) is a highly penetrating gamma ray imaging system that provides a means to non-invasively image crate contents prior to crate disassembly. The VACIS unit uses a 1.6 Curie collimated source (Cesium-137) aimed at a linear detector to create an image as the unit passes by the crate. In the demonstrated mobile unit, the source and detector were mounted on a boom truck. As the crate passed between the source and detector, a near real-time composite image of the contents was constructed from the linear image of the VACIS unit's on board computer and recorded on disk.
Date: July 2000
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Wavelet Based Dissipation Method for ALE Schemes (open access)

A Wavelet Based Dissipation Method for ALE Schemes

Wavelet analysis is natural tool to detect the presence of numerical noise, shocks and other features which might drive a calculation to become unstable. Here we suggest ways where wavelets can be used effectively to define a dissipation flag to replace dissipation flags traditionally used in ALE numerical schemes.
Date: July 1, 2000
Creator: Cabot, B; Eliason, D. & Jameson, L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Why N*'s are Important (open access)

Why N*'s are Important

The study of N*'s can provide us with critical insights into the nature of QCD in the confinement domain. The keys to progress in this domain are the identification of its important degrees of freedom and the effective forces between them. The author reports on the growing evidence in support of the flux tube model, and comment on the connection between this model and spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking, on the spin-dependence of the long-range confining potential, on the evidence for short-range one gluon exchange, on instantons, and on the one pion exchange model.
Date: July 1, 2000
Creator: Isgur, Nathan
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Wireless Handheld Scanners Integrated with Waste Tracking (open access)

Wireless Handheld Scanners Integrated with Waste Tracking

The US Department of Energy (DOE) Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) has embraced mobile wireless technology to help the disposition of hazardous and mixed radiological waste. The following paper describes one application the INEEL developed to increase the data accuracy and near-real time reporting requirements for waste management. With the continuous operational demands at the "site", it was difficult to sustain an accurate, up-to-date database required for regulatory compliance audits and reporting. Incorporating wireless mobile technology, the INEEL was able to increase the accuracy while reducing the data delay times previously encountered. Installation issues prolonged the project along with obstacles encountered with operations personnel. However, the success of this project was found in persistence and management support as well as the technology itself. Future wireless, mobile computing will continue at the INEEL for years to come based on a successful project that was able to integrate new technology to an existing waste management system with proven, increased data accuracy.
Date: July 1, 2000
Creator: Anderson, Robert Stephen
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Workshop report on a future information infrastructure for the physical sciences. The facts of the matter: finding, understanding, and using information about our physical world (open access)

Workshop report on a future information infrastructure for the physical sciences. The facts of the matter: finding, understanding, and using information about our physical world

The purpose of the workshop was to obtain input from the scientific community regarding the merits of the concept of a ''Future Information Infrastructure for the Physical Sciences'' that would offer a comprehensive collection of scientific and technical information in the physical sciences as well as services that would facilitate scientific communication and increase the productivity of the scientific enterprise in the United States. The Infrastructure would impact science methods and science education as well as the scientific record as a public good. The workshop was composed of a panel of experts in science, science policy, information science, and scientific publishing. Other participants included representatives from the community of potential stakeholders in such an enterprise. The overall conclusion of the workshop was an enthusiastic endorsement of a vision of a national infrastructure that benefits not just the scientific community but the national good. It could ultimately impact not only research and development, but also education and applications to everyday life. It would be a step to integrate the whole of science to provide a basis to improve society, the economy, and the environment.
Date: July 2000
Creator: Trivelpiece, Alvin; Berry, R. Stephen; Blume, Martin; Griffiths, Jose-Marie; Holcomb, Lee; McDonald, Kirk et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library