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Intelligence Issues for Congress (open access)

Intelligence Issues for Congress

To address the challenges facing the U.S. Intelligence Community in the 21st Century, congressional and executive branch initiatives have sought to improve coordination among the different agencies and to encourage better analysis. This report examines various issues faced by the Intelligence Community and relevant policy in the 109th Congress.
Date: April 22, 2005
Creator: Best, Richard A., Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Assistance to the Former Soviet Union (open access)

U.S. Assistance to the Former Soviet Union

This report describes the broad framework of U.S. assistance programs and policies in the former Soviet Union and then focuses on the foreign operations FREEDOM Support Act (FSA) account which, encompassing all U.S. objectives in the region, has often been the means by which Congress has expressed its views and sought to influence policy.
Date: April 14, 2005
Creator: Tarnoff, Curt
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ballistic Missile Defense:  Historical Overview (open access)

Ballistic Missile Defense: Historical Overview

In recent years there has been a growing sense of urgency to develop and deploy effective missile defenses against a range of long and short range ballistic missile threats. Although many might believe this to be relative new to U.S. national security objectives, such interest been ongoing since the 1960s, and current technologies being investigated date to the early 1980s. This effort has been challenging technically and politically controversial. Some $100 billion has been spent since the mid-1980s. This report provides a brief overview of U.S. efforts to date.
Date: April 22, 2005
Creator: Hildreth, Steven A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): Controversies for the 109th Congress (open access)

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): Controversies for the 109th Congress

This report discusses the ongoing debate about whether or not to approve energy development in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR). Current law forbids energy leasing in the Refuge. This report addresses several legislative options on the issue, as well as policymakers' arguments for and against development, especially in the wake of increasing terrorism since 2000-2001.
Date: April 25, 2005
Creator: Corn, M. Lynne; Gelb, Bernard A. & Baldwin, Pamela
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Social Security Reform: President Bush's Individual Account Proposal (open access)

Social Security Reform: President Bush's Individual Account Proposal

The Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program, commonly referred to as Social Security, is facing a long-term fiscal deficit. In response to this challenge, President Bush has made Social Security reform the key focus of his domestic social policy agenda during his second term. On February 2, the President issued a document, “Strengthening Social Security for the 21st Century,” which lays out the specifications for a system of voluntary individual accounts to be phased-in as part of a reformed Social Security system. Administration officials concede that the individual accounts themselves do not alleviate the solvency problem. The individual account proposal would likely make the solvency problem worse over the next 75 years. The President has not yet specified how the additional shortfall due to the individual accounts will be financed. The President has stated that these accounts are just one piece of a comprehensive Social Security reform package and that additional measures will be needed to achieve long-term solvency. At the time of this report’s publication, the President has not specified what these additional measures might be.
Date: April 25, 2005
Creator: Haltzel, Laura
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Campus-Based Student Financial Aid Programs Under the Higher Education Act (open access)

Campus-Based Student Financial Aid Programs Under the Higher Education Act

This report discusses the issues likely to be considered during reauthorization are whether the campus-based programs provide types of aid to students that are not or cannot be provided via other postsecondary aid programs, and whether the current formulas for allocating funds to institutions for the operation of these programs are optimal. Provisions specific to each program, such as requirements for community service under FWS and terms and conditions of Perkins Loans also may be considered.
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Smole, David P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Farm Labor: The Adverse Effect Wage Rate (AEWR) (open access)

Farm Labor: The Adverse Effect Wage Rate (AEWR)

American agricultural employers have long utilized foreign workers on a temporary basis, regarding them as an important labor resource. At the same time, the relatively low wages and adverse working conditions of such workers have caused them to be viewed as a threat to domestic American workers. Some have argued that foreign guest workers compete unfairly with U.S. workers — both in terms of compensation that they are willing to accept and by making it somewhat more difficult for domestic workers to organize and to bargain with management. To mitigate any “adverse effect”for the domestic workforce, a system of wage floors was developed that applies, variously, both to alien and citizen workers: i.e., the adverse effect wage rate (AEWR). This report deals with one element of immigration (i.e., namely the H-2A workers). It introduces the adverse effect wage rate, it examines the concerns out of which it grew, and it explains at least some of the problems that have been encountered in giving it effect.
Date: April 14, 2005
Creator: Whittaker, William G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education: Background and Funding (open access)

Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education: Background and Funding

The Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education (FIPSE) supports projects to encourage innovative reform and expand education opportunities to underrepresented groups. This report describes the historical context leading to the establishment of the Fund for Improvement of Postsecondary Education, provisions governing the program, and the variety of projects funded by FIPSE.
Date: April 5, 2005
Creator: Mangan, Bonnie F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Man in straw hat holding artwork]

Photograph of a man wearing a straw hat and holding a painting. There is a black display board on his left with several artifacts on it. There are other display boards shown in the background.
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Man in straw hat in front of black board with artwork]

Photograph of a man wearing a straw hat and looking upward. There is a black display board behind him with several artifacts on it.
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Man in straw hat holding artwork in front of black display board]

Photograph of a man wearing a straw hat and holding a painting. There is a black display board behind him with several artifacts on it.
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Man holding artwork in front of display board]

Photograph of a man wearing a straw hat and holding a painting. There is a black display board behind the man with several artifacts on it.
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Close-up of man in straw hat in front of black display board]

Close-up photograph of a man taken from the chest up and he appears to be wearing a straw hat. The man in standing in front of a black display board and there are several puppets visible behind him.
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Close-up of man in straw hat with artwork in background]

Close-up photograph of a man wearing a striped dress shirt and a straw hat. The man is standing in front of a black display board and several puppets are visible behind him.
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Man in straw hat with black display board and artwork]

Photograph of a man wearing a straw hat and looking upward. There is a black display board behind him with several artifacts on it.
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Close-up of artwork with flower shape]

Photograph of a painted flower. The bulb in the middle is red and brown and the petals are yellow.
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Men and young boy looking at artwork]

None
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[People outside in front of building with painting on facade]

None
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Men and young boy at refreshment stand]

Photograph of two men and a child at a refreshment stand. One of them is handing a yellow ticket to a lady standing at the refreshment stand. Two buckets are visible on a table is the stand with the text "igloo" on them.
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Orange cloth banner]

None
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Woman with one hand on her stomach and another near her throat]

None
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Woman wearing gloves with guitar in foreground]

None
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Two women and a man performing on stage]

None
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Two women with arms raised]

None
Date: April 21, 2005
Creator: Castillo, José L.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library