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Integrated Microsensors for Autonomous Microrobots (open access)

Integrated Microsensors for Autonomous Microrobots

This report describes the development of a miniature mobile microrobot device and several microsystems needed to create a miniature microsensor delivery platform. This work was funded under LDRD No.10785, entitled, ''Integrated Microsensors for Autonomous Microrobots''. The approach adopted in this project was to develop a mobile platform, to which would be attached wireless RF remote control and data acquisition in addition to various microsensors. A modular approach was used to produce a versatile microrobot platform and reduce power consumption and physical size.
Date: February 1, 2003
Creator: ADKINS, DOUGLAS R.; BYRNE, RAYMOND H.; HELLER, EDWIN J. & WOLF, JIMMIE V.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Interated Intelligent Industrial Process Sensing and Control: Applied to and Demonstrated on Cupola Furnaces (open access)

Interated Intelligent Industrial Process Sensing and Control: Applied to and Demonstrated on Cupola Furnaces

The final goal of this project was the development of a system that is capable of controlling an industrial process effectively through the integration of information obtained through intelligent sensor fusion and intelligent control technologies. The industry of interest in this project was the metal casting industry as represented by cupola iron-melting furnaces. However, the developed technology is of generic type and hence applicable to several other industries. The system was divided into the following four major interacting components: 1. An object oriented generic architecture to integrate the developed software and hardware components @. Generic algorithms for intelligent signal analysis and sensor and model fusion 3. Development of supervisory structure for integration of intelligent sensor fusion data into the controller 4. Hardware implementation of intelligent signal analysis and fusion algorithms
Date: February 12, 2003
Creator: Abdelrahman, Mohamed; Haggard, roger; Mahmoud, Wagdy; Moore, Kevin; Clark, Denis; Larsen, Eric et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fuel and Additive Characterization for HCCI Combustion (open access)

Fuel and Additive Characterization for HCCI Combustion

This paper shows a numerical evaluation of fuels and additives for HCCl combustion. First, a long list of candidate HCCl fuels is selected. For all the fuels in the list, operating conditions (compression ratio, equivalence ratio and intake temperature) are determined that result in optimum performance under typical operation for a heavy-duty engine. Fuels are also characterized by presenting Log(p)-Log(T) maps for multiple fuels under HCCl conditions. Log(p)-Log(T) maps illustrate important processes during HCCl engine operation, including compression, low temperature heat release and ignition. Log(p)-Log(T) diagrams can be used for visualizing these processes and can be used as a tool for detailed analysis of HCCl combustion. The paper also includes a ranking of many potential additives. Experiments and analyses have indicated that small amounts (a few parts per million) of secondary fuels (additives) may considerably affect HCCl combustion and may play a significant role in controlling HCCl combustion. Additives are ranked according to their capability to advance HCCl ignition. The best additives are listed and an explanation of their effect on HCCl combustion is included.
Date: February 12, 2003
Creator: Aceves, S. M.; Flowers, D.; Martinez-Frias, J.; Espinosa-Loza, F.; Pitz, W. J. & Dibble, R.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Ghanaian Approach to the Development of an Effective Waste Management Regime (open access)

The Ghanaian Approach to the Development of an Effective Waste Management Regime

In Ghana, radioactive waste is generated mainly from spent sealed sources, various nuclear applications--diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in medicine and measurement and processing techniques in industry. The radionuclide composition in the waste arising from industry, research and teaching includes 14C, 137Cs, 60Co, 241Am, 3H, 32P, 125I, 192Ir, 131I, 99m Tc, 35S and 90Sr. Ghana is strengthening its radioactive waste management infrastructure, which include the development of a legal framework by providing laws, regulations and guidelines and allocating responsibilities of waste generators, the National Radioactive Waste Management Centre (NRWMC), and the Radiation Protection Board (RPB). The radioactive waste management regulations which is in it's final stage of promulgation set up the basic technical and organizational requirements to be complied with by waste generators and operators of waste management facilities and make provisions for penalties for non-compliance with the regulations. With the installation of a 30 kW Research Reactor for neutron activation analysis, 185 TBq 60Co facility for the treatment of cancer at the Korle-bu teaching hospital, 1850 TBq 60Co facility for irradiation of medical and agricultural products and 192Ir sources for industrial radiography, radioactive waste is expected to increase in the near future. At present, waste management is limited exclusively to …
Date: February 24, 2003
Creator: Adu, P. S.; Gbadago, J. K. & Glover, E. T.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Eastern Statesman (Wilburton, Okla.), Vol. 81, No. 9, Ed. 1 Monday, February 3, 2003 (open access)

The Eastern Statesman (Wilburton, Okla.), Vol. 81, No. 9, Ed. 1 Monday, February 3, 2003

Biweekly student newspaper from Eastern Oklahoma State College in Wilburton, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and campus news along with advertising.
Date: February 3, 2003
Creator: Agent, Alicia
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Eastern Statesman (Wilburton, Okla.), Vol. 81, No. 10, Ed. 1 Friday, February 14, 2003 (open access)

The Eastern Statesman (Wilburton, Okla.), Vol. 81, No. 10, Ed. 1 Friday, February 14, 2003

Biweekly student newspaper from Eastern Oklahoma State College in Wilburton, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and campus news along with advertising.
Date: February 14, 2003
Creator: Agent, Alicia
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Building Material Characterization Using a Concrete Floor and Wall Contamination Profiling Technology (open access)

Building Material Characterization Using a Concrete Floor and Wall Contamination Profiling Technology

Certain radioisotopes can penetrate concrete and contaminate the concrete well below the surface. The challenge is to determine the extent and magnitude of the contamination problem in real-time. The concrete profiling technology, TRUPROSM in conjunction with portable radiometric instrumentation produces a profile of radiological or chemical contamination through the material being studied. The data quality, quantity, and representativeness may be used to produce an activity profile from the hot spot surface into the material being sampled. This activity profile may then be expanded to ultimately characterize the facility and expedite waste segregation and facility closure at a reduced cost and risk. Performing a volumetric concrete or metal characterization safer and faster (without lab intervention) is the objective of this characterization technology. This way of determining contamination can save considerable time and money. Currently, concrete core bores are shipped to certified laboratories where the concrete residue is run through a battery of tests to determine the contaminants. The existing core boring operation volatilizes or washes out some of the contaminants (like tritium) and oftentimes cross-contaminates the area around the core bore site. The volatilization of the contaminants can lead to airborne problems in the immediate vicinity of the core bore. Cross-contamination …
Date: February 27, 2003
Creator: Aggarwal, S.; Charters, G. & Thacker, D.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Commercial Application of Plasma Mass Separation in the Archimedes Filter Plant (open access)

Commercial Application of Plasma Mass Separation in the Archimedes Filter Plant

This paper describes the commercial application of an innovative plasma mass separator called the Archimedes Filter to a pre-treatment plant that can be integrated into the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hanford and Savannah River Sites to significantly enhance the treatment of radioactive high-level waste. The output of the Archimedes Filter is completely compatible with existing waste immobilization processes such as vitrification and requires no new waste form to be developed. A full-geometric-scale Demonstration Filter Unit (DEMO) has been constructed and is undergoing initial testing at the Archimedes Technology Group Development Facilities in San Diego. Some of the technology and engineering development is being performed by other organizations in collaboration with Archimedes. The Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) is developing the plasma calcination technology and all of the associated systems for AFP feed preparation. Two Russian institutes are involved in the development of the ICP torch and injector system. The Remote System Group (UT-Battelle) at ORNL is developing the remote maintenance system for the filter units. Conceptual design of the Archimedes Filter Plant (AFP) is being developed concurrently with the DEMO testing program. The AFP mission is to significantly reduce the cost and accelerate the rate of vitrification of high-level …
Date: February 27, 2003
Creator: Ahlfeld, C.E.; Gilleland, J.G. & Wagoner, J.D.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Walla Walla River Basin Screening, Annual Report 2002. (open access)

Walla Walla River Basin Screening, Annual Report 2002.

In order to meet the need for protective fish screening, the Walla Walla County Conservation District (WWCCD) and the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) formed a partnership to implement the WDFW Cooperative Compliance Review and Cost-Share Program. The program provides technical and financial assistance to irrigators in order to bring existing surface water diversions into compliance with state and federal juvenile fish screen criteria. The Walla Walla basin has two priority salmonid species currently listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act, the Bull Trout and Mid-Columbia Basin Steelhead. Other partners in this effort include the Washington Department of Ecology, National Marine Fisheries Service, US Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Walla Walla Community College Irrigation Department. A Screening Oversight Committee of representatives from these agencies sets policy and resolves issues.
Date: February 1, 2003
Creator: Ahmann, Audrey & Jones, Rick
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Compression and Diffusion: A Joint Approach to Detect Complexity (open access)

Compression and Diffusion: A Joint Approach to Detect Complexity

Article discussing a joint approach to detect complexity by combining the Compression Algorithm Sensitive To Regularity (CASToRe) and Complex Analysis of Sequences via Scaling AND Randomness Assessment (CASSANDRA) procedures.
Date: February 1, 2003
Creator: Allegrini, Paolo; Benci, V. (Vieri); Grigolini, Paolo; Hamilton, P.; Ignaccolo, Massimiliano; Menconi, Giulia et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Recommendation for Supplemental Technologies for Hanford River Protection Project Potential Mission Acceleration (RPP-11838) (open access)

Recommendation for Supplemental Technologies for Hanford River Protection Project Potential Mission Acceleration (RPP-11838)

In May of 2002, the River Protection Project at Hanford proposed as part of the accelerated cleanup for the entire Hanford Site to ''accelerate waste stabilization by developing and deploying alternative treatment and immobilization solutions that are aligned with the waste characteristics to add assurance that overall waste treatment/immobilization will be completed 20 or more years sooner.'' This paper addresses one of these elements: development of recommendations for the supplemental technologies that have the greatest potential to supplement the River Protection Project's new Waste Treatment Plant throughput and achieve completion of waste processing by 2028. Low-activity waste treatment in the Waste Treatment Plant needs either to be enhanced or supplemented to enable the full amount of low-activity feed in the single-shell and double-shell tanks to be processed by 2028. The supplemental technologies are considered for low-activity waste feed that represents the maximum effectiveness of treatment compared with Waste Treatment Plant processing. During the Spring of 2002, over two dozen candidate technologies were assessed by staff from the U.S Department of Energy (DOE) Headquarters, Hanford Office of River Protection, representatives from the Washington State Department of Ecology and Region 10 of the Environmental Protection Agency, staff from many national laboratories, as …
Date: February 26, 2003
Creator: Allen, D. I.; Raymond, R. E.; Group, CH2M Hill Hanford; Brouns, T. M.; Choho, A. F.; Corporation, Numatec Hanford et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
WIPP Recertification - An Environmental Evaluation Group Perspective (open access)

WIPP Recertification - An Environmental Evaluation Group Perspective

The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), a repository for defense transuranic (TRU) waste, was built and is operated by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The WIPP Land Withdrawal Act (LWA) required initial certification of compliance of the WIPP by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). In addition, a recertification decision is required by the LWA every five years, dated from the initial receipt of TRU waste. The first TRU waste shipment arrived at the WIPP on March 26, 1999, and therefore the first recertification application is due from DOE to EPA by March 25, 2004. The Environmental Evaluation Group (EEG) provides technical oversight of the WIPP project on behalf of the State of New Mexico. The EEG considers the first recertification as a precedent setting event. Therefore, the EEG began the identification of recertification issues immediately following the initial certification decision. These issues have evolved since that time, based on discussions with the DOE and EEG's understanding of DOE's ongoing research. Performance assessment is required by the EPA certification and its results are needed to determine whether the facility remains in compliance at the time of the recertification application. The DOE must submit periodic change reports to the EPA …
Date: February 25, 2003
Creator: Allen, L. E. & Silva, M. K.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
An in situ transmission electron microscopy study of the thermalstability of near-surface microstructures induced by deep rolling andlaser-shock peening (open access)

An in situ transmission electron microscopy study of the thermalstability of near-surface microstructures induced by deep rolling andlaser-shock peening

Mechanical surface treatments are known to be effective at improving the fatigue resistance of metallic alloys at elevated temperatures ({approx}550-600 C), even though the near-surface compressive residual stress fields have been annealed out. We have investigated the thermal stability of near-surface microstructures induced by deep rolling and laser-shock peening in an austentic stainless steel (AISI 304) and a titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) using in situ hot-stage transmission electron microscopy. It is found that the improvements in fatigue resistance at elevated temperature are related to the high-temperature stability of the work-hardened near-surface microstructure in each case.
Date: February 24, 2003
Creator: Altenberger, I.; Stach, E. A.; Liu, G. Y.; Nalla, R. K. & Ritchie, R. O.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
ASHTABULA SUCCESSES--MACRO NOW OR FOREVER HOLD YOUR PIECES! (open access)

ASHTABULA SUCCESSES--MACRO NOW OR FOREVER HOLD YOUR PIECES!

As facility demolition and remediation continued at the DOE Ashtabula Environmental Management Project (AEMP), a DOE closure site located in Ashtabula, OH, the quantity of mixed waste increased by approximately twenty-fold from the original Site Treatment Plan estimates to over 567 m3 (20,000 cubic feet). Also, a greater variety of low-level mixed waste (MW) was identified that was suitable for alternate debris treatment like macroencapsulation (MACRO) instead of traditional shredding, stabilization, and solidification to improve the overall safety and cost-effectiveness. Macroencapsulation is required for lead and authorized for hazardous debris under the alternate debris treatment standards per 40 CFR 268.45. Several polymer encapsulation processes were being explored, developed, and deployed in the mid-1990's by various groups including the DOE Mixed Waste Focus Area, DOE EM-50 Office of Science and Technology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, DOE Macro Working Group, DOE-Albuquerque Mixed Waste/Mobile Treatment Unit, and Envirocare of Utah, Inc. As a result, technically-proven macroencapsulation and microencapsulation processes using extruded polyethylene beads were verified as being technically acceptable for waste treatment to RCRA standards. The AEMP had a variety of waste forms where technically-proven systems were needed to perform on-site treatment of challenging mixed wastes (MW) from production operations (i.e. HEPA filters, barium …
Date: February 27, 2003
Creator: Altmayer, S. A.; Forschner, J. A.; Kulpa, J. P. & Spoerner, M. T.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Oral History Interview with Antonio Amador, April 25, 2001 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Antonio Amador, April 25, 2001

Interview with Antonio Amador, a veteran who was wounded in action as a sniper with the U.S. Marine Corps during the Vietnam War. The transcript includes a list of questions, which include a focus on Amador being shot and his experiences while serving and back at home.
Date: February 22, 2003
Creator: Amador, Y. & Amador, Antonio
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with W. R. Barker, April 25, 2001 (open access)

Oral History Interview with W. R. Barker, April 25, 2001

Interview with W. R. Barker, a veteran who served as a combat engineer with the U.S. Army in the South Pacific during World War II. The transcript includes a conversation with Barker as he talks freely about his time in basic training at Camp Cook, when Bob Hope visited jungle training in Hawaii, and interactions between U.S. soldiers and the native islanders. He also discusses the Marines mission on Pelilu Island and meeting his brother in the Philippines.
Date: February 23, 2003
Creator: Amador, Yacel & Barker, W. R.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Southwest Retort, Volume 55, Number 6, February 2003 (open access)

Southwest Retort, Volume 55, Number 6, February 2003

This publication of the Dallas-Fort Worth Section of the American Chemical Society includes information about research, prominent scientist, organizational business, and various other stories of interest to the community.
Date: February 2003
Creator: American Chemical Society. Dallas/Fort Worth Section.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Second Opening of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant? Review of Salient Characteristics and Unique Operational Considerations for Remote Handled Transuranic Waste (open access)

The Second Opening of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant? Review of Salient Characteristics and Unique Operational Considerations for Remote Handled Transuranic Waste

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) intends to dispose of remote handled (RH) transuranic (TRU) waste at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) beginning in 2005. (1) Four principle regulatory agencies are involved in the process of approving the RH TRU waste activities. The DOE is responsible for operational activities. The U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) approves the design and use of shipping containers. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for assuring safe and environmentally effective long-term disposal of the radioactive component of the waste and operational environmental monitoring. The New Mexico Environment Department (NMED) is responsible for the handling and the disposal of the non-radioactive hazardous component of the waste. The Environmental Evaluation Group (EEG) is responsible for performing independent technical oversight of all WIPP activities, and will comment on documents and practices for the various regulated RH TRU waste activities. The DOE has already obtained the necessary approvals from the NRC, and has submitted a Class 3 Modification request to the NMED. On December 16, 2002 the DOE Carlsbad Field Office (CBFO) provided the EPA with a notice of proposed change, in accordance with 40 CFR 194.4 (b) (3), to receive and dispose of remote …
Date: February 24, 2003
Creator: Anastas, G. & Walker, B. A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
NK-1 Removable Cryogenic Shroud (A Study of the Bimba Pneumatic Cylinder) (open access)

NK-1 Removable Cryogenic Shroud (A Study of the Bimba Pneumatic Cylinder)

The Mark 1 Cryostat requires a cryogenic shroud that must be retracted immediately before firing the NIF laser. This paper evaluates a pneumatic cylinder that has been chosen to open and close the shroud. After a variety of motion control and vacuum compatibility experiments, we concluded that the Bimba feedback control cylinder may be used to retract the shroud with certain modifications to its control system and additional rod seals.
Date: February 7, 2003
Creator: Anderson, K & Stefanescu, D
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Dynamically Adaptive Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian Method for Solution of the Euler Equations (open access)

A Dynamically Adaptive Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian Method for Solution of the Euler Equations

A new method that combines staggered grid arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) techniques with structured local adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) has been developed for solution of the Euler equations. The novel components of the methods are driven by the need to reconcile traditional AMR techniques with the staggered variables and moving, deforming meshes associated with Lagrange based ALE schemes. We develop interlevel solution transfer operators and interlevel boundary conditions first in the case of purely Lagrangian hydrodynamics, and then extend these ideas into an ALE method by developing adaptive extensions of elliptic mesh relaxation techniques. Conservation properties of the method are analyzed, and a series of test problem calculations are presented which demonstrate the utility and efficiency of the method.
Date: February 14, 2003
Creator: Anderson, R W; Elliott, N S & Pember, R B
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Experience with Dismantling of the Analytic Cell in the JRTF Decommissioning Program (open access)

Experience with Dismantling of the Analytic Cell in the JRTF Decommissioning Program

The analytic cell was mainly used for process control analysis of the reprocessing process and for the measurement of fuel burn up ratio in JAERI's Reprocessing Test Facility (JRTF). The analytic cell was a heavy shielded one and equipped with a conveyor. The cell was alpha and beta(gamma)contaminated. For dismantling of analytic cells, it is very important to establish a method to remove the heavy shield safely and reduce the exposure. At first, a green house was set up to prevent the spread out of contamination, and next, the analytic cell was dismantled. Depending on the contamination condition, the workers wore protective suits such as air ventilated-suits for prevention of internal exposure and vinyl chloride aprons, lead aprons in order to reduce external exposure. From the work carried out, various data such as needed manpower for the activities, the collective dose of workers by external exposure, the amount of radioactive wastes and the relation between the weight of the shield and its dismantling efficiency were obtained and input for the database. The method of dismantling and the experience with the dismantling of the analytic cell in the JRTF, carried out during 2001 and 2002, are described in this paper.
Date: February 27, 2003
Creator: Annoh, Akio; Nemoto, Koichi; Tajiri, Hideo; Saito, Keiichiro; Miyajima, Kazutoshi & Myodo, Masato
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Saltcake Dissolution Studies in Single-Shell Tank Retrieval (open access)

Saltcake Dissolution Studies in Single-Shell Tank Retrieval

Results of column dissolution experiments designed to evaluate the physical and chemical processes inherent to saltcake dissolution are presented along with model chemical equilibrium calculations. Two different compositions representing saltcakes in Hanford tanks were characterized, and porosities and permeabilities for a third composition based upon the saltcake waste in Tank 41H at the Savannah River Site (SRS) were also evaluated. Whereas the surrogates are all chemically similar, the presence of high phosphate loadings for the Hanford (HNF) simulants was noted as significantly affecting draining. The permeability was higher for the SRS saltcake, and the sodium nitrate loading in this saltcake was roughly 80% by weight compared to less than 60% by weight for the HNF compositions. Average values of the permeability and porosity were reduced for the surrogates based on Hanford Tanks S-112 and S-101. Here a secondary layer formed above the saltcake bed and was found to contain a large amount of gibbsite, Al(OH)3. Experiments with 3 molal (m) NaOH as a diluent, compared to water, did not result in additional layer formation that has been attributed to a change in local pH thereby altering the solid liquid equilibrium. Chemical analysis of the two HNF saltcakes indicated solids re-precipitation …
Date: February 26, 2003
Creator: Antonyraj, A.; Durve, T.; Toghiani, R. K.; Lindner, J. S. & Hunt, R.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Physics potential and prospects for the CUORICINO and CUORE experiments (open access)

Physics potential and prospects for the CUORICINO and CUORE experiments

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Date: February 18, 2003
Creator: Arnaboldi, C.; Avignone, F. T. III; Beeman, J.; Barucci, M.; Balata, M.; Brofferio, C. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Conditioning Technology for Radioactive Waste Resulted From the Treatment of Liquid Waste From the Romanian Nuclear Power Plant (open access)

Conditioning Technology for Radioactive Waste Resulted From the Treatment of Liquid Waste From the Romanian Nuclear Power Plant

For the conditioning of spent resins contaminated with radionuclides, such as: 137Cs, 134Cs, 60Co, 58Co, 57Co, 54Mn, etc., techniques of direct immobilization in cement, bitumen and organic polymers have been tested. The selected process was the bituminization using industrial bitumen, I 60-70, made in Romania, which had very good characteristics. The paper presents stages of the research project, technical conditions for the process and advantages of the bituminization of spent resins.
Date: February 27, 2003
Creator: Arsene, Carmen; Andrei, Veronica & Negoiu, Dumitru
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library