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Correction of Distributed Optical Aberrations (open access)

Correction of Distributed Optical Aberrations

The objective of this project was to demonstrate the use of multiple distributed deformable mirrors (DMs) to improve the performance of optical systems with distributed aberrations. This concept is expected to provide dramatic improvement in the optical performance of systems in applications where the aberrations are distributed along the optical path or within the instrument itself. Our approach used multiple actuated DMs distributed to match the aberration distribution. The project developed the algorithms necessary to determine the required corrections and simulate the performance of these multiple DM systems.
Date: February 12, 2006
Creator: Baker, K.; Olivier, S.; Carrano, C. & Phillion, D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Detector Radioactive Particles Can't Evade (open access)

A Detector Radioactive Particles Can't Evade

As part of its national security mission, Lawrence Livermore develops technologies to help government agencies prevent terrorists from smuggling nuclear materials into the country. One ongoing effort is to design radiation detectors that can distinguish threat sources from legitimate sources, such as medical isotopes, and naturally occurring radiation. (See S&TR, September 2004, pp. 4-11; May 2006, pp. 4-10.) Detectors intended for use by nonspecialists must be easy to operate and require minimal maintenance. To be most effective, they also must detect both gamma and neutron energies. That may sound like a lot to ask of one instrument, but the Ultrahigh-Resolution Gamma and Neutron Spectrometer (UltraSpec) delivers all of these features. UltraSpec is so sensitive that even the minute thermal energy deposited by a single gamma ray or neutron can be detected with high precision. With this capability, the detector can identify differences in composition that help reveal a material's origin, processing history, and likely intended use. In addition to its application as a counterterrorism technology, UltraSpec can be used to protect nuclear material stored at nuclear power plants, to evaluate weapon stockpiles, and to verify material composition. UltraSpec was developed by a team of scientists and engineers from Livermore's Physics …
Date: February 12, 2007
Creator: Hazi, A U
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Wylie News (Wylie, Tex.), Vol. 55, No. 38, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 12, 2003 (open access)

The Wylie News (Wylie, Tex.), Vol. 55, No. 38, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 12, 2003

Weekly newspaper from Wylie, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 12, 2003
Creator: Engbrock, Chad B.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Rains County Leader (Emory, Tex.), Vol. 114, No. 35, Ed. 1 Tuesday, February 12, 2002 (open access)

Rains County Leader (Emory, Tex.), Vol. 114, No. 35, Ed. 1 Tuesday, February 12, 2002

Weekly newspaper from Emory, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 12, 2002
Creator: Hill, Earl Clyde, Jr.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Seminole Sentinel (Seminole, Tex.), Vol. 97, No. 36, Ed. 1 Sunday, February 12, 2006 (open access)

Seminole Sentinel (Seminole, Tex.), Vol. 97, No. 36, Ed. 1 Sunday, February 12, 2006

Semiweekly newspaper from Seminole, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: February 12, 2006
Creator: Wright, Dustin
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Polk County Enterprise (Livingston, Tex.), Vol. 124, No. 13, Ed. 1 Sunday, February 12, 2006 (open access)

Polk County Enterprise (Livingston, Tex.), Vol. 124, No. 13, Ed. 1 Sunday, February 12, 2006

Semi-weekly newspaper from Livingston, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 12, 2006
Creator: White, Barbara
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 108, No. 13, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 12, 2003 (open access)

The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 108, No. 13, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 12, 2003

Semi-weekly newspaper from Clifton, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 12, 2003
Creator: Smith, W. Leon
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 80, No. 78, Ed. 1 Tuesday, February 12, 2002 (open access)

The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 80, No. 78, Ed. 1 Tuesday, February 12, 2002

Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 12, 2002
Creator: Cash, Wanda Garner
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Odem-Edroy Times (Odem, Tex.), Vol. 58, No. 6, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 12, 2004 (open access)

The Odem-Edroy Times (Odem, Tex.), Vol. 58, No. 6, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 12, 2004

Weekly newspaper from Odem, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 12, 2004
Creator: Vargas, Richard, Jr.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Seminole Sentinel (Seminole, Tex.), Vol. 95, No. 35, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 12, 2003 (open access)

Seminole Sentinel (Seminole, Tex.), Vol. 95, No. 35, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 12, 2003

Semi-weekly newspaper from Seminole, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: February 12, 2003
Creator: Fisher, David
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Cooper Review (Cooper, Tex.), Vol. 129, No. 7, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 12, 2009 (open access)

Cooper Review (Cooper, Tex.), Vol. 129, No. 7, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 12, 2009

Weekly newspaper from Cooper, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 12, 2009
Creator: Palmer, Roger
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Hondo Anvil Herald (Hondo, Tex.), Vol. 118, No. 7, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 12, 2004 (open access)

Hondo Anvil Herald (Hondo, Tex.), Vol. 118, No. 7, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 12, 2004

Weekly newspaper from Hondo, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: February 12, 2004
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Polk County Enterprise (Livingston, Tex.), Vol. 122, No. 13, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 12, 2004 (open access)

Polk County Enterprise (Livingston, Tex.), Vol. 122, No. 13, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 12, 2004

Semi-weekly newspaper from Livingston, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 12, 2004
Creator: White, Barbara
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Polk County Enterprise (Livingston, Tex.), Vol. 127, No. 13, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 12, 2009 (open access)

Polk County Enterprise (Livingston, Tex.), Vol. 127, No. 13, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 12, 2009

Semi-weekly newspaper from Livingston, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 12, 2009
Creator: Reddell, Valerie
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Archer County News (Archer City, Tex.), No. 7, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 12, 2009 (open access)

Archer County News (Archer City, Tex.), No. 7, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 12, 2009

Weekly newspaper from Archer City, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 12, 2009
Creator: Lewis, Shelley
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
ADVANCED SOLID STATE SENSORS FOR VISION 21 SYSTEMS (open access)

ADVANCED SOLID STATE SENSORS FOR VISION 21 SYSTEMS

Device fabrication and characterization studies relevant to the development of silicon carbide (SiC) based gas and temperature sensors have been performed. Initial studies of Pd deposition on Si were performed since the procedures for Si substrate preparation were well known to us. This allowed us to gain experience in controlling the deposition process while continuing to investigate methods of preparing the SiC substrate surface. Studies of SiC surface preparation were carried out under a separate contract. As our SiC substrate preparation techniques improved, studies of Pd deposition on SiC were performed and the thermal stability of Pd/SiC interfaces (i.e., the critical sensor component) was characterized. These studies have demonstrated that the Pd/SiC interface is remarkably stable at temperatures up to 670 C. At this time, we are moving rapidly to a point where the oxide overlayer can be reproducibly reduced to an acceptable level and large areas of the substrate can be reproducibly produced with the surface roughness reduced to the atomic scale. We believe that this will substantially improve the thermal stability of the Pd/SiC interface. In all these studies, techniques are being used that could readily be incorporated into commercial processes. Moreover, as a result of our ultrahigh …
Date: February 12, 2003
Creator: Meehan, K. & Stinespring, C.D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Mineralogic Model (MM3.0) Analysis Model Report (open access)

Mineralogic Model (MM3.0) Analysis Model Report

The purpose of this report is to document the Mineralogic Model (MM), Version 3.0 (MM3.0) with regard to data input, modeling methods, assumptions, uncertainties, limitations and validation of the model results, qualification status of the model, and the differences between Version 3.0 and previous versions. A three-dimensional (3-D) Mineralogic Model was developed for Yucca Mountain to support the analyses of hydrologic properties, radionuclide transport, mineral health hazards, repository performance, and repository design. Version 3.0 of the MM was developed from mineralogic data obtained from borehole samples. It consists of matrix mineral abundances as a function of x (easting), y (northing), and z (elevation), referenced to the stratigraphic framework defined in Version 3.1 of the Geologic Framework Model (GFM). The MM was developed specifically for incorporation into the 3-D Integrated Site Model (ISM). The MM enables project personnel to obtain calculated mineral abundances at any position, within any region, or within any stratigraphic unit in the model area. The significance of the MM for key aspects of site characterization and performance assessment is explained in the following subsections. This work was conducted in accordance with the Development Plan for the MM (CRWMS M&O 2000). The planning document for this Rev. 00, …
Date: February 12, 2002
Creator: Lum, C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Optimizing receiver configurations for resolution of equivalent dipole polarizabilities in situ (open access)

Optimizing receiver configurations for resolution of equivalent dipole polarizabilities in situ

Equivalent dipole polarizabilities are a succinct way to summarize the inductive response of an isolated conductive body at distances greater than the scale of the body. At any time lag or frequency, an equivalent dipole polarizability response is comprised of 9 parameters; six specifying an equivalent dipole polarizability matrix (which is symmetric) and three specifying the apparent location of the body center. Smith and Morrison (2002) give equations for calculating uncertainties in equivalent dipole polarizability and position based on analysis of an iterative linearized inversion. Here, the root mean squared uncertainty in polarizability is weighted and summed over a number of control points and minimized using an evolutionary algorithm for a number of instrument designs. Three families of designs are presented: single transmitter systems for use on a 2-D grid of positions with negligible error in relative instrument location, two transmitter systems for use on a line of positions with negligible error in relative instrument location, and three transmitter systems for stand alone use. Results for the one and two transmitter systems are strongly degraded by errors in instrument position, whereas the three transmitter systems are insensitive to instrument positioning errors.
Date: February 12, 2004
Creator: Smith, J. Torquil & Morrison, H. Frank
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Field Test Program for Evaluation of Sorbent Injection for Mercury Control, Quarterly Technical Report: October - December 2003 (open access)

Field Test Program for Evaluation of Sorbent Injection for Mercury Control, Quarterly Technical Report: October - December 2003

The power industry in the U.S. is faced with meeting new regulations to reduce the emissions of mercury compounds from coal-fired plants. These regulations are directed at the existing fleet of nearly 1,100 boilers. These plants are relatively old with an average age of over 40 years. Although most of these units are capable of operating for many additional years, there is a desire to minimize large capital expenditures because of the reduced (and unknown) remaining life of the plant to amortize the project. Injecting a sorbent such as powdered activated carbon into the flue gas represents one of the simplest and most mature approaches to controlling mercury emissions from coal-fired boilers. The overall objective of this test program described in this quarterly report is to evaluate the capabilities of activated carbon injection at four plants with configurations that together represent 78% of the existing coal-fired generation plants. This technology was successfully evaluated in NETL's Phase I tests at scales up to 150 MW, on plants burning subbituminous and bituminous coals and with ESPs and fabric filters. The tests also identified issues that still need to be addressed, such as evaluating performance on other configurations, optimizing sorbent usage (costs), and …
Date: February 12, 2004
Creator: Sjostrom, Sharon
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Secondary Electron Emission from Dielectric Materials of a Hall Thruster with Segmented Electrodes (open access)

Secondary Electron Emission from Dielectric Materials of a Hall Thruster with Segmented Electrodes

The discharge parameters in Hall thrusters depend strongly on the yield of secondary electron emission from channel walls. Comparative measurements of the yield of secondary electron emission at low energies of primary electrons were performed for several dielectric materials used in Hall thrusters with segmented electrodes. The measurements showed that at low energies of primary electrons the actual energetic dependencies of the total yield of secondary electron emission could differ from fits, which are usually used in theoretical models. The observed differences might be caused by electron backscattering, which is dominant at lower energies and depends strongly on surface properties. Fits based on power or linear laws are relevant at higher energies of primary electrons, where the bulk material properties play a decisive role.
Date: February 12, 2003
Creator: Dunaevsky, A.; Raitses, Y. & Fisch, N.J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A New Class of Mesoporous Aluminophosphates for Application in Pertoleum Refining (open access)

A New Class of Mesoporous Aluminophosphates for Application in Pertoleum Refining

This project focuses on the synthesis of mesoporous aluminophosphate and aluminosilicates as catalysts for application in the conversion of large petroleum feedstock compounds to useful middle distillates and naphtha transportation fuels. Summarized herein, is our research progress for September 1, 2001 to August 31, 2002. The synthesis of aluminophosphates in the presence of nonionic surfactants and block co-polymers were explored over a wide range of synthesis variables such as temperature, Al/P ratio, pH and surfactants/polymer concentrations. In most cases, the resulting products were found to be amorphous. A partially ordered aluminophosphate mesophase was obtained in the presence of Brij 56 non-ionic surfactant. Further characterization to determine the phase type (e.g. hexagonal lamellar or cubic) of this product is pending. The amorphous nature of the products obtained using these classes of surfactants are in contrast to highly ordered aluminophosphates mesophases obtained in the presence of cationic quaternary ammonium surfactants, such as cetyltrimethylammonium detailed in a previous report. The synthesis of pure-silica and aluminosilicate mesophases of different type and quality were also conducted over a wide range of variables such as temperature, Si/Al ratio, pH and surfactants/polymer concentrations. However characterization of the phase type and quality of the materials produced is pending …
Date: February 12, 2003
Creator: Ingram, Conrad
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Die Casting Part Distortion: Prediction and Attenuation (open access)

Die Casting Part Distortion: Prediction and Attenuation

The goal of this research was to predict the part deformation and residual stresses after ejection from the die and cooling to room temperature. A finite element model was built to achieve this goal and several modeling techniques were investigated throughout this research. Die-casting is a very complex process and the researchers are faced with a large number of hard to solve physical problems when modeling the process. Several assumptions are made in our simulation model. The first significant assumption is the instantaneous cavity filling. This means that the cavity filling stage is not considered in our model. Considering the cavity filling stage increases the modeling complexity as a result of different flow patterns. expected in the shot sleeve, gate, runner and different cavity features. The flow of gas from the cavity through the vents is another problem that is ignored in our model as a result of this assumption. Our second assumption is that the cast metal has uniform temperature distribution inside the cavity, at the starting point of simulation. This temperature is assumed to be over liquidus limit, i.e. the solid fraction is 0.0% of the cast metal. The third assumption is due to ABAQUS (commercial software used …
Date: February 12, 2002
Creator: Dr, R. Allen Miller
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Particle-in-cell Simulations with Kinetic Electrons (open access)

Particle-in-cell Simulations with Kinetic Electrons

A new scheme, based on an exact separation between adiabatic and nonadiabatic electron responses, for particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of drift-type modes is presented. The (linear and nonlinear) elliptic equations for the scalar fields are solved using a multi-grid solver. The new scheme yields linear growth rates in excellent agreement with theory and it is shown to conserve energy well into the nonlinear regime. It is also demonstrated that simulations with few electrons are reliable and accurate, suggesting that large-scale, PIC simulations with electron dynamics in toroidal geometry (e.g., tokamaks and stellarators plasmas) are within reach of present-day massively parallel supercomputers.
Date: February 12, 2004
Creator: Lewandowski, J.L.V.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Conversions of Ruthenium (III) Alkyl Complexes to Ruthenium (II) through Ru-Calkyl Bond Homolysis (open access)

Conversions of Ruthenium (III) Alkyl Complexes to Ruthenium (II) through Ru-Calkyl Bond Homolysis

This article discusses conversions of Ruthenium(III) alkyl complexes.
Date: February 12, 2005
Creator: Lail, Marty; Gunnoe, T. Brent; Barakat, Khaldoon A. & Cundari, Thomas R., 1964-
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library