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Mannford Eagle (Mannford, Okla.), Vol. 27, No. 39, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009 (open access)

Mannford Eagle (Mannford, Okla.), Vol. 27, No. 39, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009

Weekly newspaper from Mannford, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Hughes, Dustin
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
A Markov Model for Assessing the Reliability of a Digital Feedwater Control System (open access)

A Markov Model for Assessing the Reliability of a Digital Feedwater Control System

A Markov approach has been selected to represent and quantify the reliability model of a digital feedwater control system (DFWCS). The system state, i.e., whether a system fails or not, is determined by the status of the components that can be characterized by component failure modes. Starting from the system state that has no component failure, possible transitions out of it are all failure modes of all components in the system. Each additional component failure mode will formulate a different system state that may or may not be a system failure state. The Markov transition diagram is developed by strictly following the sequences of component failures (i.e., failure sequences) because the different orders of the same set of failures may affect the system in completely different ways. The formulation and quantification of the Markov model, together with the proposed FMEA (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) approach, and the development of the supporting automated FMEA tool are considered the three major elements of a generic conceptual framework under which the reliability of digital systems can be assessed.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Chu, T. L.; Yue, M.; Martinez-Guridi, G. & Lehner, J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Mercedes Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 101, No. 6, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009 (open access)

The Mercedes Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 101, No. 6, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009

Weekly newspaper from Mercedes, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
National Airspace System: FAA Reauthorization Issues are Critical to System Transformation and Operations (open access)

National Airspace System: FAA Reauthorization Issues are Critical to System Transformation and Operations

Testimony issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "As requested, this statement discusses issues for the reauthorization of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The aviation industry is in a period of economic turmoil and faces an uncertain future. At the same time, FAA is undertaking one of its most ambitious efforts ever to transform the nation's air traffic control system. The reauthorization of FAA provides an opportunity for Congress and FAA to focus on several key issues to improve the national airspace system. This statement is based on recent and ongoing work and on discussions with selected senior FAA officials and representatives of the aviation industry. This work was conducted in accordance with generally accepted government auditing standards. Those standards require that GAO plan and perform the audit to obtain sufficient, appropriate evidence to provide a reasonable basis for findings and conclusions based on the audit objectives. GAO believes that the evidence obtained provides a reasonable basis for the findings and conclusions based on the audit objectives."
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nonproliferation and Threat Reduction Assistance: U.S. Programs in the Former Soviet Union (open access)

Nonproliferation and Threat Reduction Assistance: U.S. Programs in the Former Soviet Union

This report focuses on funding for threat reduction and nonproliferation programs in the states of the former Soviet Union. Although the United States has expanded its efforts to programs that seek to assist other nations in securing nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons materials, the overwhelming majority of U.S. funds still support programs in the former Soviet states. Nevertheless, because U.S. funding and focus has shifted in recent years, this report provides only a partial view of U.S. nonproliferation and threat reduction programs.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Woolf, Amy F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Texas Daily (Denton, Tex.), Vol. 93, No. 13, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009 (open access)

North Texas Daily (Denton, Tex.), Vol. 93, No. 13, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009

Daily student newspaper from the University of North Texas in Denton, Texas that includes local, state and campus news along with advertising.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Notification of Concurrence - K-25/K-27 D&D Project, ETTP - Change Number of EMWMF Waste Lots in the Waste Handling Plan for Demolition of the K-25 and K-27 Building Structures and Remaining Components Located at the ETTP, Oak Ridge, TN From Two to Three (open access)

Notification of Concurrence - K-25/K-27 D&D Project, ETTP - Change Number of EMWMF Waste Lots in the Waste Handling Plan for Demolition of the K-25 and K-27 Building Structures and Remaining Components Located at the ETTP, Oak Ridge, TN From Two to Three

Section 5.1 of the approved Waste Handling Plan for Demolition ofthe K-25 and K-2 7 Building Structures and Remaining Components Located at the East Tennessee Technology Park, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (WHP) includes two Environmental Management Waste Management (EMWMF) waste lots: (1) Asbestos-contaminated roofing/transite; and (2) Construction debris, such as nonasbestos roofing, structural steel/miscellaneous metal/equipment, nonradiological piping, wood, and miscellaneous small quantities of concrete. This concurrence form adds an additional EMWMF waste lot 6.47 for lavatory sink drains. Based on an analysis of the building structure characterization data, the only individual building structure with either an analytic carcinogenic or Hazard Index (HI) sum-of-fractions (SOF) greater than 1 is the lavatory sink drains (Table 1). The HI SOF for the lavatory sink drains is 1.34 (Table 2). When all media are combined with the material of construction calculations, the HI SOF is 1.22 (Table 3). However, when the lavatory sink drains are segregated from all other media, the HI SOF is only 0.256, which is well below the EMWMF waste acceptance criteria SOF limit of 1 (Table 4). Given the large volume (124, 625 cubic yards) of other building structure media with a small HI SOF of 0.256 and the small volume …
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: K.D., Trice
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Oklahoma Daily (Norman, Okla.), Vol. 94, No. 93, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009 (open access)

The Oklahoma Daily (Norman, Okla.), Vol. 94, No. 93, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009

Student newspaper of the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Simons, Meredith
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Optimist (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 97, No. 35, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009 (open access)

The Optimist (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 97, No. 35, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009

Bi-weekly student newspaper from Abilene Christian University in Abilene, Texas that includes local, state and campus news along with advertising.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with X. B. Cox, February 11, 2009 transcript

Oral History Interview with X. B. Cox, February 11, 2009

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with X B Cox. Cox joined the Army in June of 1937. He served with the 81st Airborne Antiaircraft Battalion. In June of 1944 Cox participated in the Normandy landings. In September 1944 Cox participated in Operation Market Garden, including riding a glider into Holland. Later in December 1944 through January 1945 he participated in the Siege of Bastogne and the Battle of the Bulge. He provides details through each of these experiences. In 1967 he completed his 30 years of active and reserve duty.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Cox, X. B.
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Paleontological overview of oil shale and tar sands areas in Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming. (open access)

Paleontological overview of oil shale and tar sands areas in Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming.

In August 2005, the U.S. Congress enacted the Energy Policy Act of 2005, Public Law 109-58. In Section 369 of this Act, also known as the ''Oil Shale, Tar Sands, and Other Strategic Unconventional Fuels Act of 2005,'' Congress declared that oil shale and tar sands (and other unconventional fuels) are strategically important domestic energy resources that should be developed to reduce the nation's growing dependence on oil from politically and economically unstable foreign sources. In addition, Congress declared that both research- and commercial-scale development of oil shale and tar sands should (1) be conducted in an environmentally sound manner using management practices that will minimize potential impacts, (2) occur with an emphasis on sustainability, and (3) benefit the United States while taking into account concerns of the affected states and communities. To support this declaration of policy, Congress directed the Secretary of the Interior to undertake a series of steps, several of which are directly related to the development of a commercial leasing program for oil shale and tar sands. One of these steps was the completion of a programmatic environmental impact statement (PEIS) to analyze the impacts of a commercial leasing program for oil shale and tar sands …
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Murphey, P. C.; Daitch, D. & Division, Environmental Science
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Panola Watchman (Carthage, Tex.), Vol. 137, No. 12, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009 (open access)

The Panola Watchman (Carthage, Tex.), Vol. 137, No. 12, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009

Semiweekly newspaper from Carthage, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Peroxotitanates for Biodelivery of Metals (open access)

Peroxotitanates for Biodelivery of Metals

Metal-based drugs are largely undeveloped in pharmacology. One limiting factor is the systemic toxicity of metal-based compounds. A solid-phase, sequestratable delivery agent for local delivery of metals could reduce systemic toxicity, facilitating new drug development in this nascent area. Amorphous peroxotitanates (APT) are ion exchange materials with high affinity for several heavy metal ions, and have been proposed to deliver or sequester metal ions in biological contexts. In the current study, we tested a hypothesis that APT are able to deliver metals or metal compounds to cells. We exposed fibroblasts (L929) or monocytes (THP1) to metal-APT materials for 72 h in vitro, then measured cellular mitochondrial activity (SDH-MTT method) to assess the biological impact of the metal-APT materials vs. metals or APT alone. APT alone did not significantly affect cellular mitochondrial activity, but all metal-APT materials suppressed the mitochondrial activity of fibroblasts (by 30-65% of controls). The concentration of metal-APT materials required to suppress cellular mitochondrial activity was below that required for metals alone, suggesting that simple extracellular release of the metals from the metal-APT materials was not the primary mechanism of mitochondrial suppression. In contrast to fibroblasts, no metal-APT material had a measurable effect on THP1 monocyte mitochondrial activity, …
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Hobbs, David & Elvington, M.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 117, No. 29, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009 (open access)

Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 117, No. 29, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009

Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Brown, Gloria
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Rambler (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 102, No. 4, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009 (open access)

The Rambler (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 102, No. 4, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009

Weekly student newspaper from Texas Wesleyan University in Fort Worth, Texas that includes campus and local news along with advertising.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Nugent, Tiara
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Rambler (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 102, No. 4, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009 (open access)

The Rambler (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 102, No. 4, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009

Weekly student newspaper from Texas Wesleyan University in Fort Worth, Texas that includes campus and local news along with advertising.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Garcia, Martin
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Salt Processing Through Ion Exchange at the Savannah River Site Selection of Exchange Media and Column Configuration - 9198 (open access)

Salt Processing Through Ion Exchange at the Savannah River Site Selection of Exchange Media and Column Configuration - 9198

The Department of Energy (DOE) has developed, modeled, and tested several different ion exchange media and column designs for cesium removal. One elutable resin and one non-elutable resin were considered for this salt processing application. Deployment of non-elutable Crystalline Silicotitanate and elutable Resorcinol Formaldehyde in several different column configurations were assessed in a formal Systems Engineering Evaluation (SEE). Salt solutions were selected that would allow a grouping of non-compliant tanks to be closed. Tests were run with the elutable resin to determine compatibility with the resin configuration required for an in-tank ion exchange system. Models were run to estimate the ion exchange cycles required with the two resins in several column configurations. Material balance calculations were performed to estimate the impact on the High Level Waste (HLW) system at the Savannah River Site (SRS). Conceptual process diagrams were used to support the hazard analysis. Data from the hazard analysis was used to determine the relative impact on safety. This report will discuss the technical inputs, SEE methods, results and path forward to complete the technical maturation of ion exchange.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Spires, Renee; Punch, Timothy & McCabe, Daniel
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Sapulpa Daily Herald (Sapulpa, Okla.), Vol. 94, No. 127, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009 (open access)

Sapulpa Daily Herald (Sapulpa, Okla.), Vol. 94, No. 127, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009

Daily newspaper from Sapulpa, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Shance, Brenda
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Self-reported Impacts of LED Lighting Technology Compared to Fuel-based Lighting on Night Market Business Prosperity in Kenya (open access)

Self-reported Impacts of LED Lighting Technology Compared to Fuel-based Lighting on Night Market Business Prosperity in Kenya

The notion of"productive use" is often invoked in discussions about whether new technologies improve productivity or otherwise enhance commerce in developing-country contexts. It an elusive concept,especially when quantitative measures are sought. Improved and more energy efficient illumination systems for off-gridapplication--the focus of the Lumina Project--provide a case in which a significant productivity benefit can be imagined, given the importance of light to the successful performance of many tasks, and the very low quality of baseline illumination provided by flame-based source. This Research Note summarizes self-reported quantitative and qualitative impacts of switching to LED lighting technology on the prosperity of night-market business owners and operators. The information was gathered in the context of our 2008 market testing field work in Kenya?s Rift Valley Province, which was performed in the towns of Maai Mahiu and Karagita by Arne Jacobson, Kristen Radecsky, Peter Johnstone, Maina Mumbi, and others. Maai Mahiu is a crossroads town; provision of services to travelers and freight carriers is a primary income source for the residents. In contrast, the primary income for Karagita's residents is from work in the large, factory style flower farms on the eastern shores of Lake Naivasha that specialize in producing cut flowers for export …
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Johnstone, Peter; Jacobson, Arne; Mills, Evan & Mumbi, Maina
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Sludge Batch 5 Slurry Fed Melt Rate Furnace Test with Frits 418 and 550 (open access)

Sludge Batch 5 Slurry Fed Melt Rate Furnace Test with Frits 418 and 550

Based on Melt Rate Furnace (MRF) testing for the Sludge Batch 5 (SB5) projected composition and assessments of the potential frits with reasonable operating windows, the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) recommended Slurry Fed Melt Rate Furnace (SMRF) testing with Frits 418 and 550. DWPF is currently using Frit 418 with SB5 based on SRNL's recommendation due to its ability to accommodate significant sodium variation in the sludge composition. However, experience with high boron containing frits in DWPF indicated a potential advantage for Frit 550 might exist. Therefore, SRNL performed SMRF testing to assess Frit 550's potential advantages. The results of SMRF testing with SB5 simulant indicate that there is no appreciable difference in melt rate between Frit 418 and Frit 550 at a targeted 34 weight % waste loading. Both batches exhibited comparable behavior when delivered through the feed tube by the peristaltic pump. Limited observation of the cold cap during both runs showed no indication of major cold cap mounding. MRF testing, performed after the SMRF runs due to time constraints, with the same two Slurry Mix Evaporator (SME) dried products led to the same conclusion. Although visual observations of the cross-sectioned MRF beakers indicated differences in the …
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Miller, Donald & Pickenheim, Bradley
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Space-charge effects in ultra-high current electron bunches generated by laser-plasma accelerators (open access)

Space-charge effects in ultra-high current electron bunches generated by laser-plasma accelerators

Recent advances in laser-plasma accelerators, including the generation of GeV-scale electron bunches, enable applications such as driving a compact free-electron-laser (FEL). Significant reduction in size of the FEL is facilitated by the expected ultra-high peak beam currents (10-100 kA) generated in laser-plasma accelerators. At low electron energies such peak currents are expected to cause space-charge effects such as bunch expansion and induced energy variations along the bunch, potentially hindering the FEL process. In this paper we discuss a self-consistent approach to modeling space-charge effects for the regime of laser-plasma-accelerated ultra-compact electron bunches at low or moderate energies. Analytical treatments are considered as well as point-to-point particle simulations, including the beam transport from the laser-plasma accelerator through focusing devices and the undulator. In contradiction to non-self-consistent analyses (i.e., neglecting bunch evolution), which predict a linearly growing energy chirp, we have found the energy chirp reaches a maximum and decreases thereafter. The impact of the space-charge induced chirp on FEL performance is discussed and possible solutions are presented.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Grinner, F. J.; Schroeder, C. B.; Maier, A. R.; Becker, S. & Mikhailova, J. M.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Sweetwater Reporter (Sweetwater, Tex.), Vol. 111, No. 73, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009 (open access)

Sweetwater Reporter (Sweetwater, Tex.), Vol. 111, No. 73, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 11, 2009

Daily newspaper from Sweetwater, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Rodriguez, Tatiana
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Taiwan: Major U.S. Arms Sales Since 1990 (open access)

Taiwan: Major U.S. Arms Sales Since 1990

This report discusses U.S. security assistance to Taiwan (calling itself Republic of China (ROC)), including policy issues for Congress and legislation.
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Kan, Shirley A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tank 26 Evaporator Feed Pump Transfer Analysis (open access)

Tank 26 Evaporator Feed Pump Transfer Analysis

The transfer of liquid salt solution from Tank 26 to an evaporator is to be accomplished by activating the evaporator feed pump, located approximately 72 inches above the sludge layer, while simultaneously turning on the downcomer. Previously, activation of the evaporator feed pump was an isolated event without any other components running at the same time. An analysis of the dissolved solution transfer has been performed using computational fluid dynamics methods to determine the amount of entrained sludge solids pumped out of the tank to the evaporator with the downcomer turned on. The analysis results showed that, for the maximum and minimum supernate levels in Tank 26 (252.5 and 72 inches above the sludge layer, respectively), the evaporator feed pump will entrain between 0.03 and 0.1 wt% sludge undissolved solids weight fraction into the eductor, respectively, and therefore are an order of magnitude less than the 1.0 wt% undissolved solids loading criteria to feed the evaporator. Lower tank liquid levels, with respect to the sludge layer, result in higher amounts of sludge entrainment due to the increased velocity of the plunging jets from the downcomer and evaporator feed pump bypass as well as decreased dissipation depth. Revision 1 clarifies the …
Date: February 11, 2009
Creator: Tamburello, David; Dimenna, Richard & Lee, Si
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library