We report on the evolution of defects in Pu during isochronal annealing and self irradiation using positron annihilation spectroscopy. Positron annihilation spectroscopy is a sensitive probe (part per million level) for atomic-scale defects. The spectroscopic tools available at LLNL allow the determination of size, concentration, and chemical surroundings of defects in aged Pu samples. Positron lifetime analysis was performed on eight samples aged 7 months to 42 years. All samples except the 7-month old sample contained a high concentration of positron trapping centers. The dominant component yielded a lifetime value of {approx}182 ps. In aged samples, a second longer lifetime component was observed that appears to increase in strength with the age of the sample. The observed lifetime values and their relative strengths are shown in figure 1. The top panel corresponds to the lifetime values and the bottom panel corresponds to the intensity of the long lifetime component. Positron lifetime values are determined by the bubble size and He content. When He is added to a bubble, the positron lifetime is shortened due to the increased electron density. When the size of the bubble is known from an independent measurement, the observed positron lifetime values and the associated first …

The ASTM standard B 265 provides the requirements for the chemical composition of titanium (Ti) alloys. It is planned to use corrosion resistant and high strength titanium alloys to fabricate the drip shield at the proposed Yucca Mountain Repository. Titanium grade (Gr) 7 (R52400) and other Ti alloys are currently being characterized for this application. Ti Gr 7 contains 0.15% Palladium (Pd) to increase its corrosion performance. In this article we report results on the comparative short term corrosion behavior of Ti Gr 7 and a Ruthenium (Ru) containing alloy (Ti Gr 33). Ti Gr 33 also contains a small amount of Pd. Limited electrochemical testing such as polarization resistance and cyclic potentiodynamic curves showed that both alloys have a similar corrosion behavior in the tested environments.

We present high resolution laboratory spectra of K-shell X-ray lines from inner-shell excited and ionized ions of oxygen, obtained with a reflection grating spectrometer on the electron beam ion trap (EBIT-I) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Only with a multi-ion model including all major atomic collisional and radiative processes, are we able to identify the observed K-shell transitions of oxygen ions from O III to O VI. The wavelengths and associated errors for some of the strongest transitions are given, taking into account both the experimental and modeling uncertainties. The present data should be useful in identifying the absorption features present in astrophysical sources, such as active galactic nuclei and X-ray binaries. They are also useful in providing benchmarks for the testing of theoretical atomic structure calculations.

Soon after the LHC is commissioned with proton beams the ATLAS experiment will begin studies of Pb-Pb collisions with a center of mass energy of {radical}s{sub NN} = 5.5 TeV. The ATLAS program is a natural extension of measurements at RHIC in a direction that exploits the higher LHC energies and the superb ATLAS calorimeter and tracking coverage. At LHC energies, collisions will be produced with even higher energy density than observed at RHIC. The properties of the resulting hot medium can be studied with higher energy probes, which are more directly interpreted through modification of jet properties emerging from these collisions, for example. Other topics which are enabled by the 30-fold increase in center of mass energy include probing the partonic structure of nuclei with hard photoproduction (in UltraPeripheral collisions) and in p-Pb collisions. Here we report on evaluation of ATLAS capabilities for Heavy Ion Physics.

Results on direct photon measurements from the PHENIX experiment at RHIC are presented. The results suggest that the photons observed are emitted from the initial stage of hard scattering. Comparisons with several theoretical calculations are also presented.

A Multi-fluid Model is proposed for turbulent combustion in explosions at infinitely-large Reynolds, Peclet & Damkoehler numbers. It is based on the gas dynamic conservation laws for the mixture, augmented mass-energy conservation laws for each fluid (fuel-F, oxidizer-A and products-P). Combustion is treated as material transformations in the Le Chatelier plane--rather than ''heat release'' found in traditional models. This allows one to construct thermodynamically-consistent representations of the fluids. Such transformations occur at an exothermic front--which represents, simultaneously, a sink for F & A and source of P. The front is represented by a Dirac delta function at the stoichiometric contour in the turbulent field. This Model then provides an extraordinarily clear picture of turbulent combustion fields, which are normally clouded by a myriad of diffusional effects.

None

We have investigated the use of a synchrotron as a source for infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy. A synchrotron has an intrinsically high radiance, which is beneficial when photoacoustic spectroscopy is applied to small samples, especially at long wavelengths.

This report is about the INMM Annual Meeting 1998 Status of Underground Testing Program.

The Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) project is a multi-institutional effort to develop an advanced mesoscale forecast and data assimilation system that is accurate, efficient, and scalable across a range of scales and over a host of computer platforms. The first release, WRF 1.0, was November 30, 2000, with operational deployment targeted for the 2004-05 time frame. This paper provides an overview of the project and current status of the WRF development effort in the areas of numerics and physics, software and data architecture, and single-source parallelism and performance portability.

This paper discusses the successful remote visual inspection of a contaminated air exhaust tunnel running beneath the Savannah River Site's H-Canyon nuclear material separations facility. The air exhaust tunnel has been in operation since the 1950's, and the portion of the tunnel inspected has not been seen or accessed since startup. Numerous challenges were overcome in the deployment of the vehicle, including an initial 10-ft drop, travelling a long distance through harsh environmental conditions, surviving and recovering from a second vertical drop, turning 90 degrees, and subsequently travelling further. Video of the entire inspection was transmitted back to a control station, and the vehicle was abandoned in place for possible future use.

Considered here are explosions from condensed TNT charges--where the expanded detonation products gases are rich in C and CO [1]. Mixing with air causes oxidation/combustion [2], which dramatically increases the pressure in confined systems (vid. Fig. 1). We treat this as an Inverse Problem: infer fuel consumption from the measured pressure P {triple_bond} {bar p}(t)/p{sub i}. The Model expounded here represents a valuable tool for extracting the evolution of combustion system from a readily measurable quantity (pressure). The Model establishes the fuel consumption history as well as the evolution of thermodynamic solution (specific volumes, energies and densities) of the components that will generate the observed pressure profile. This solution in Thermodynamic (State) Space provides extraordinarily clear insight into the combustion process, which is normally clouded by a myriad of transport processes that occur in physical space.

None