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"Yakni Achukma, The School with a Soul": A History of the Goodland Indian Orphanage
Article describes the founding and history of Goodland Indian Orphanage, one of the few mid-nineteenth century schools for Native American children that promoted inclusion of their culture and language along with assimilation initiatives. Ruby Wile includes personal recollections of the LaCroix family, four Choctaw children who lived at the Presbyterian institution.
Date:
Winter 2002
Creator:
Wile, Ruby
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Writ Large and Small: State and Local Race Relations and the Meridian "Race Riot" of 1926
Article describes the history of racial violence and segregation among the white and black communities of Oklahoma, highlighting two investigations in Meridian, Oklahoma as a demonstration of what local authorities were willing to label a "race riot."
Date:
Summer 2009
Creator:
Klein, James E.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"Your Enemies May Attract Unwanted Friends": Gerald L. K. Smith, Patrick Hurley, and the 1948 New Mexico Senate Race
Article explores Gerald L. K. Smith's intrusion into the 1948 United States Senate race in New Mexico, in which native Oklahoman Patrick J. Hurley was the Republican candidate. In the mid-twentieth century, Gerald L. K. Smith became well-known for the viciousness of his views, his bigotry, and his extremism.
Date:
Autumn 2004
Creator:
Buhite, Russell D.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Forty Feet Under: Kaw City and the Kaw Project on the Arkansas River, 1957-1976
Article describing the process of the construction of the Kaw Dam and Reservoir. From the mid-1950s the inhabitants of Kaw City, founded in 1902 in Kay County, anticipated the construction of Kaw Dam and Reservoir on the Arkansas River. As the bureaucratic process dragged on for decades, the project divided the community. Ultimately, the residents rebuilt on a new site, and by 1977 "Old" Kaw City lay forty feet under Kaw Lake.
Date:
Winter 2006
Creator:
Lowitt, Richard, 1922-2018
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
J. A. Webb: Early-Day Cotton Breeder from Union City, Oklahoma
Article recounts the talented amateur agronomist J. A. Webb's diligent work to perfect a better variety of cotton, which he marketed as Webb's Purple cotton seed beginning in 1933.
Date:
Winter 2006
Creator:
Albers-Nelson, M. Rene & Verhalen, Laval M.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Emperor Haile Selassie in Stillwater: The First Visit to Oklahoma by a Reigning Foreign Head of State
Article discusses Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia's visit to Oklahoma A&M College in 1954. This event followed the collaborative efforts between the country's leadership and Oklahoma A&M to found the Jimma Agricultural Technical School and the Imperial Ethiopian College of Agriculture and Mechanical Arts in Ethiopia. Theodore M. Vestal describes the visit, the life of the Ethiopian emperor, and the history of Ethiopia in the following years.
Date:
Summer 2001
Creator:
Vestal, Theodore M.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Ensign L. L. Culver: "You can call me salty now"
Article recounts the life and rigorous training experience of undertaker-turned-ensign L.L. Culver in the United States navy in the early years of World War II. Brad Agnew reconstructs the officer's experiences from letters sent home, and concludes the article with the beginning of a journey that is continued in the Spring 2003 issue of The Chronicles of Oklahoma.
Date:
Winter 2002
Creator:
Agnew, Brad
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Eliza Jane Ross: A Pioneer Cherokee Educator
Article provides a biography of Eliza Jane Ross, niece of Cherokee Chief John Ross and prominent pioneer teacher within the Cherokee Nation, paying tribute to her dedication as an educator and impact on the communities she taught.
Date:
Summer 2009
Creator:
McCullagh, James G.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The "Come-As-You-Are" War: Fort Sill and the Persian Gulf Crisis of 1990-1991
Article illustrates the resilience and quick adaption to rapid change Fort Sill employed during the Persian Gulf Crisis, mobilizing large groups of soldiers during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm. Demands for personnel, training, and equipment were high during this time, and Boyd L. Dastrup describes the situation at the army post.
Date:
Summer 2005
Creator:
Dastrup, Boyd L.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Consorting with Blood and Violence: The Decline of the Oklahoma Ku Klux Klan
Article showing how excessive violence, external opposition, and internal factionalism led to the decline of the Ku Klux Klan in Oklahoma during the late 1920s.
Date:
Autumn 2000
Creator:
Jessup, Michael M.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Did They Really Sing Opera in Opera Houses?: Public Entertainment in Oklahoma and Indian Territories, 1895-1907
Article describes the history of opera houses and other venues for public entertainment in Oklahoma and Indian Territories in the territorial period. Many of the "opera houses" evolved to stage plays, shows, or musicals, and eventually were converted into moving picture theaters.
Date:
Summer 2003
Creator:
Booker, Susan
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Dr. Anna Lewis: Historian at the Oklahoma College for Women
Article presents a biographical sketch of Dr. Anna Lewis, who enjoyed a long and stellar career at Oklahoma College for Women but whose accomplishments have often been overlooked. This article gives an account of Lewis' life as she struggled to obtain the terminal degree in history, build a sound academic program at the college, and teach and write about Oklahoma history.
Date:
Winter 2004
Creator:
Reese, Linda Williams
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
A Faithful Public Servant: J. George Wright and the Five Civilized Tribes
Article covers the life and career of United States Indian Inspector for Indian Territory, J. George Wright, during the land allotment era. Kent Carter provides more detail on the connections Wright made with the Five Tribes as well as his political struggle with Tams Bixby over the position of Commissioner.
Date:
Spring 2003
Creator:
Carter, Kent
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Fear of "Negro Domination": The Rise of Segregation and Disfranchisement in Oklahoma
This article addresses the issue of the rise of segregation and disfranchisement in the frontier West. It looks closely at the sociopolitical climate in Oklahoma to answer important questions about the opportunities blacks found in the state and how white politicians became emboldened by the fear of "Negro domination."
Date:
Spring 2000
Creator:
Wickett, Murray R.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Cultural Conservation and Revival: The Caddo and Hasinai Post-Removal Era, 1860-1902
Article discusses the post-removal period of 1860-1902 for the Caddo and Hasinai people of the Southern Plains: the difficulties they faced, prominent leaders of the tribes, cultural traditions, and the ways they found to keep their communities intact.
Date:
Autumn 2001
Creator:
Meredith, Howard L.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Brothers of Influence: Auguste and Pierre Chouteau and the Osages before 1804
This article explores the pivotal roles that Auguste and Pierre Chouteau played in the European influence on the Osage tribe in the late eighteenth century which radically altered Osage social structure.
Date:
Autumn 2000
Creator:
Hurt, Douglas A.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"Almost Hopeless in the Wake of the Storm": The 1918 Spanish Flu Epidemic in Oklahoma
Article examines the impact of the Spanish flu epidemic on Oklahomans during 1918-1919. Nigel Anthony Sellars discusses the spread of the epidemic on a detailed level, identifying the medical institutions and professionals who sought to combat the epidemic as it spread from one Oklahoma city to another.
Date:
Spring 2001
Creator:
Sellars, Nigel Anthony
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Amazing Grace: The Influence of Christianity in Nineteenth-Century Oklahoma Ozark Music and Society
Article analyzes the effect of religious culture on the development of music in Southeastern Oklahoma, as expressed in hymn singing, temperance songs, instruments, and play-parties.
Date:
Winter 2008
Creator:
Castro, J. Justin
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"And The Skies Are Not Cloudy All Day": Drought and the Cherokee Outlet Land Run
This article details the difficulties that settlers of the Cherokee Outlet faced and how they coped with adverse conditions. Many environmental and economic factors contributed to their success or failure, including a major drought on the Southern Plains that coincided with the opening of the Cherokee Outlet in 1893.
Date:
Winter 2003
Creator:
Sweeney, Kevin Z.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"An anxiety to do right": The Life of Judge John Hazelton Cotteral, 1864-1933
Article provides a portrait of John H. Cotteral, the first federal judge for the Western District of Oklahoma and the first Oklahoman to occupy the bench of the circuit court of appeals. The article explores both the man and the legal opinions he wrote throughout his forty-year career.
Date:
Autumn 2000
Creator:
Leitch, Kevin C.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"Any Woman That Could Ride a Horse Could Fly": Dorothy K. Pressler Morgan, 1930s Oklahoma Aviatrix
Article describes the role of Dorothy Pressler Morgan in aviation history. In 1930 Dorothy Pressler Morgan became the second female pilot licensed in Oklahoma by the U.S. Department of Commerce. She was also known as Oklahoma City's best stunt pilot, an altitude-record setter, and the nation's first female airport manager.
Date:
Spring 2006
Creator:
Fugate, Tally D.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"America, Love It or Leave It": Some Native American Initiatives to Move to Mexico, 1890-1940
Article describes the emigration to Mexico initiative some Native American tribes in Oklahoma considered between 1890 and 1940. Steven Crum also describes the national government's response to these efforts and references the similarity of the 1960s phrase coined in the article's title.
Date:
Winter 2001
Creator:
Crum, Steven J.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Anatomy of an Oklahoma Lynching: Bryan County, August 12-13, 1911
Article provides details surrounding the lynching of John Lee, a black man who attacked and killed a woman alone with her children near Durant, Oklahoma in 1911. Lowell Blaisdell describes the history of racial violence in the area, including other lynching incidents, and the circulation of rumors and paranoia that went hand-in-hand with the attitudes of the era.
Date:
Autumn 2001
Creator:
Blaisdell, Lowell L.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Alex Howat versus John Wilkinson: Power, Personality, and Ideological Battles in the United Mine Workers
Article examines the factional in-fighting that tore apart the United Mine Workers solidarity as they prepared to strike in 1922. The ideological battle starred John Wilkinson, "renegade radical" Alex Howat, and Oscar Ameringer.
Date:
Spring 2005
Creator:
Sewell, Steven L.
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History