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EXAMPLE OF A RISK BASED DISPOSAL APPROVAL SOLIDIFICATION OF HANFORD SITE TRANSURANIC (TRU) WASTE
The Hanford Site requested, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 10 approved, a Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 (TSCA) risk-based disposal approval (RBDA) for solidifying approximately four cubic meters of waste from a specific area of one of the K East Basin: the North Loadout Pit (NLOP). The NLOP waste is a highly radioactive sludge that contained polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) regulated under TSCA. The prescribed disposal method for liquid PCB waste under TSCA regulations is either thermal treatment or decontamination. Due to the radioactive nature of the waste, however, neither thermal treatment nor decontamination was a viable option. As a result, the proposed treatment consisted of solidifying the material to comply with waste acceptance criteria at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WPP) in Carlsbad, New Mexico, or possibly the Environmental Restoration Disposal Facility at the Hanford Site, depending on the resulting transuranic (TRU) content of the stabilized waste. The RBDA evaluated environmental risks associated with potential airborne PCBs. In addition, the RBDA made use of waste management controls already in place at the treatment unit. The treatment unit, the T Plant Complex, is a Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (RCRA)-permitted facility used for storing and …
Date:
November 14, 2007
Creator:
AL, PRIGNANO
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Doctoral Recital: 2005-11-14 – Shaun Abraham, trumpet
Recital presented at the UNT College of Music Recital Hall in partial fulfillment of the Doctor of Musical Arts (DMA) degree.
Date:
November 14, 2005
Creator:
Abraham, Shaun
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Whales and Sonar: Environmental Exemptions for the Navy's Mid-Frequency Active Sonar Training
This report discusses laws related to the protection of marine mammals when using mid-frequency active sonar including the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA), the Endangered Species Act (ESA), the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), and the Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA). The report discusses each of the laws generally, and then reviews the litigation surrounding the Navy's compliance with these laws in the context of using the sonar for training purposes off California's coast.
Date:
November 14, 2008
Creator:
Alexander, Kristina
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Water and Energy Savings using Demand Hot Water Recirculating Systems in Residential Homes: A Case Study of Five Homes in Palo Alto, California
This report summarizes a preliminary study aimed at estimating the potential of saving potable water, (and the electrical energy used to heat it), that is presently lost directly to the drain while occupants wait for hot water to arrive at the faucet (point of use). Data were collected from five single-family homes in Palo Alto, California. Despite the small sample size in this study, the results make a compelling case for retrofitting homes with hot water recirculation systems to eliminate unnecessary wastage of water at the point of use. Technical as well as behavioral and attitudinal changes towards water conservation are necessary for a fulfilling and successful conservation effort. This report focuses on the technical issues, but behavioral issues are also noted, which may be factored into future studies involving local and state governments and utility companies.
Date:
November 14, 2002
Creator:
Ally, M.R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Major Leadership Election Contests in the Senate: A 27-Year Survey
None
Date:
November 14, 2001
Creator:
Amer, Mildred L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 105, No. 207, Ed. 1 Friday, November 14, 2003
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
November 14, 2003
Creator:
Andrews, Mike
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 106, No. 188, Ed. 1 Sunday, November 14, 2004
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
November 14, 2004
Creator:
Andrews, Mike
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Genome of the Diatom Thalassiosira Pseudonana: Ecology, Evolution and Metabolism
Diatoms are unicellular algae with plastids acquired by secondary endosymbiosis. They are responsible for {approx}20% of global carbon fixation. We report the 34 Mbp draft nuclear genome of the marine diatom, Thalassiosira pseudonana and its 129 Kbp plastid and 44 Kbp mitochondrial genomes. Sequence and optical restriction mapping revealed 24 diploid nuclear chromosomes. We identified novel genes for silicic acid transport and formation of silica-based cell walls, high-affinity iron uptake, biosynthetic enzymes for several types of polyunsaturated fatty acids, utilization of a range of nitrogenous compounds and a complete urea cycle, all attributes that allow diatoms to prosper in the marine environment. Diatoms are unicellular, photosynthetic, eukaryotic algae found throughout the world's oceans and freshwater systems. They form the base of short, energetically-efficient food webs that support large-scale coastal fisheries. Photosynthesis by marine diatoms generates as much as 40% of the 45-50 billion tonnes of organic carbon produced each year in the sea (1), and their role in global carbon cycling is predicted to be comparable to that of all terrestrial rainforests combined (2, 3). Over geological time, diatoms may have influenced global climate by changing the flux of atmospheric carbon dioxide into the oceans (4). A defining feature of …
Date:
November 14, 2005
Creator:
Armbrust, E. V.; Berges, J. A.; Bowler, C.; Green, B. R.; Martinez, D.; Putnam, N. H. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Biological Treatment of Petroleum in Radiologically Contaminated Soil
This chapter describes ex situ bioremediation of the petroleum portion of radiologically co-contaminated soils using microorganisms isolated from a waste site and innovative bioreactor technology. Microorganisms first isolated and screened in the laboratory for bioremediation of petroleum were eventually used to treat soils in a bioreactor. The bioreactor treated soils contaminated with over 20,000 mg/kg total petroleum hydrocarbon and reduced the levels to less than 100 mg/kg in 22 months. After treatment, the soils were permanently disposed as low-level radiological waste. The petroleum and radiologically contaminated soil (PRCS) bioreactor operated using bioventing to control the supply of oxygen (air) to the soil being treated. The system treated 3.67 tons of PCRS amended with weathered compost, ammonium nitrate, fertilizer, and water. In addition, a consortium of microbes (patent pending) isolated at the Savannah River National Laboratory from a petroleum-contaminated site was added to the PRCS system. During operation, degradation of petroleum waste was accounted for through monitoring of carbon dioxide levels in the system effluent. The project demonstrated that co-contaminated soils could be successfully treated through bioventing and bioaugmentation to remove petroleum contamination to levels below 100 mg/kg while protecting workers and the environment from radiological contamination.
Date:
November 14, 2005
Creator:
BERRY, CHRISTOPHER
Object Type:
Book
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Microbial Ecology in Modern Stromatolites from San Salvador, Bahamas
None
Date:
November 14, 2005
Creator:
BRIGMON, ROBIN
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Problem Proposed for the American Mathematical Monthly
The problem is to define: P(x) := {Sigma}{sub k = 1}{sup {infinity}} arctan (x - 1/(k + x + 1) {radical}(k + 1) + (k + 2) {radical}(k + x)). (1) (a) Find explicit, finite-expression evaluations of P(n) for all integers n {ge} 0. (b) Show {tau} := lim{sub x {yields} -1{sup +}} P(x) exists, and find an explicit evaluation for {tau}. (c) Are there a more general closed forms for P, say at half-integers? Solution with the abbreviations: r := {radical} (k + 1), s := {radical} (k + x) the argument of arctan in (1) becomes s{sup 2} - r{sup 2}/(s{sup 2} + 1) r + (r{sup 2} + 1) s = s - r/r s + 1 = 1/r - 1/s / 1 + 1/r 1/s.
Date:
November 14, 2008
Creator:
Bailey, David H.; Borwein, Jonathan M. & Waldvogel, Jorg
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Oxbow Fish Hatchery Snake River Sockeye Salmon Smolt Program, 2008 Annual Report.
This contract proposal is in response to the Federal Columbia River Power System Biological Opinion Implementation Plan/Update Proposed Action (UPA) associated with increasing the number of Snake River sockeye smolts by 150,000. To accomplish this proposal the cooperation and efforts of three government entities has been planned (e.g., Idaho Department of Fish and Game (IDFG), Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW), and the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)). Improvements at the IDFG Eagle Fish Hatchery and NMFS Burley Creek Hatchery will focus on increasing sockeye salmon captive broodstock and egg production. Improvements at the ODFW Oxbow Fish Hatchery will be made to accommodate the incubation, hatching and rearing of 150,000 sockeye salmon smolts for release into Idaho's Sawtooth Valley, Upper Salmon River near IDFG's Sawtooth Fish Hatchery and/or Redfish Lake Creek 1.4 km downstream of Redfish Lake. Modifications to Oxbow Fish Hatchery (ODFW) will include retro-fit existing pond drains so pond cleaning effluent water can be routed to the pollution abatement pond, and modifications to the abatement pond. Also included in this project as an added phase, was the rerouting of the hatchery building effluent water to meet state DEQ guidelines for the use of formalin to treat salmonid …
Date:
November 14, 2009
Creator:
Banks, Duane D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of Cost-Effective Off-Board Hydrogen Storage and Refueling Stations
This report highlights design and component selection considerations for compressed gas hydrogen fueling stations operating at 5000 psig or 350 bar. The primary focus is on options for compression and storage – in terms of practical equipment options as well as various system configurations and how they influence delivery performance and station economics.
Date:
November 14, 2008
Creator:
Barnes, Ted & Liss, William
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Experiments to Understand HPC Time to Development (Final report for Department of Energy contract DE-FG02-04ER25633) Report DOE/ER/25633-1
In order to understand how high performance computing (HPC) programs are developed, a series of experiments, using students in graduate level HPC classes and various research centers, were conducted at various locations in the US. In this report, we discuss this research, give some of the early results of those experiments, and describe a web-based Experiment Manager we are developing that allows us to run studies more easily and consistently at universities and laboratories, allowing us to generate results that more accurately reflect the process of building HPC programs.
Date:
November 14, 2007
Creator:
Basili, Victor, R. & Zelkowitz, Marvin, V.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Accelerating scientific discovery : 2007 annual report.
As a gateway for scientific discovery, the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF) works hand in hand with the world's best computational scientists to advance research in a diverse span of scientific domains, ranging from chemistry, applied mathematics, and materials science to engineering physics and life sciences. Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Science, researchers are using the IBM Blue Gene/L supercomputer at the ALCF to study and explore key scientific problems that underlie important challenges facing our society. For instance, a research team at the University of California-San Diego/ SDSC is studying the molecular basis of Parkinson's disease. The researchers plan to use the knowledge they gain to discover new drugs to treat the disease and to identify risk factors for other diseases that are equally prevalent. Likewise, scientists from Pratt & Whitney are using the Blue Gene to understand the complex processes within aircraft engines. Expanding our understanding of jet engine combustors is the secret to improved fuel efficiency and reduced emissions. Lessons learned from the scientific simulations of jet engine combustors have already led Pratt & Whitney to newer designs with unprecedented reductions in emissions, noise, and cost of ownership. ALCF staff members provide …
Date:
November 14, 2008
Creator:
Beckman, P.; Dave, P. & Drugan, C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A combined microprobe and high-resolution mass spectrometer for materials aging studies
None
Date:
November 14, 2000
Creator:
Behrens, R.; Whaley, J. & Bastasz, R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Public Interaction and Educational Outreach on the Yucca Mountain Project
In July 2002, the U.S. Congress approved Yucca Mountain in Nevada as the nation's first long-term geologic repository site for spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste. This major milestone for the country's high-level radioactive waste disposal program comes after more than twenty years of scientific study and intense public interaction and outreach. This paper describes public interaction and outreach challenges faced by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Yucca Mountain Project in the past and what additional communication strategies may be instituted following the July 2002 approval by the U.S. Congress to develop the site as the nation's first long-term geologic repository for spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste. The DOE public involvement activities were driven by two federal regulations--the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and the Nuclear Waste Policy Act (NWPA) of 1982, as amended. The NEPA required that DOE hold public hearings at key points in the development of an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) and the NWPA required the agency to conduct public hearings in the vicinity of the site prior to making a recommendation regarding the site's suitability. The NWPA also provided a roadmap for how DOE would interact with affected units of government, which …
Date:
November 14, 2002
Creator:
Benson, A. & Riding, Y.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Rice Thresher, Vol. 91, No. 12, Ed. 1 Friday, November 14, 2003
A weekly student newspaper from the Rice University in Houston, Texas that includes campus news and commentaries along with advertising.
Date:
November 14, 2003
Creator:
Berenson, Mark
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Air Cooling Technology for Power Electronics Thermal Control
Assessing potential for air cooling in power electronics is a critical factor in power electronics equipment. NREL aims to assess effective air cooling techniques for power electronics technologies.
Date:
November 14, 2007
Creator:
Bharathan, D.
Object Type:
Presentation
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Performance Contracting and Energy Efficiency in the State Government Market
There is growing interest in energy efficiency (EE) among state policymakers as a result of increasing environmental concerns, rising electricity and natural gas prices, and lean economic times that motivate states to look more aggressively for cost-saving opportunities in public sector buildings. One logical place for state policymakers to demonstrate their commitment to energy efficiency is to 'lead by example' by developing and implementing strategies to reduce the energy consumption of state government facilities through investments in energy efficient technologies. Traditionally, energy efficiency improvements at state government facilities are viewed as a subset in the general category of building maintenance and construction. These projects are typically funded through direct appropriations. However, energy efficiency projects are often delayed or reduced in scope whereby not all cost-effective measures are implemented because many states have tight capital budgets. Energy Savings Performance Contracting (ESPC) offers a potentially useful strategy for state program and facility managers to proactively finance and develop energy efficiency projects. In an ESPC project, Energy Service Companies (ESCOs) typically guarantee that the energy and cost savings produced by the project will equal or exceed all costs associated with implementing the project over the term of the contract. ESCOs typically provide turnkey …
Date:
November 14, 2008
Creator:
Bharvirkar, Ranjit; Goldman, Charles; Gilligan, Donald; Singer, Terry E.; Birr, David; Donahue, Patricia et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Value-Added Tax as a New Revenue Source
None
Date:
November 14, 2002
Creator:
Bickley, James M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A Value-Added Tax Contrasted with a National Sales Tax
Proposals to replace all or part of the income tax and proposals for national health care have sparked congressional interest in possible sources of additional revenue. A value-added tax (VAT) or a national sales tax (NST) have been frequently discussed as possible new tax sources. Both the VAT and the NST are taxes on the consumption of goods and services and are conceptually similar. Yet, these taxes also have significant differences. This issue brief discusses some of the potential policy implications associated with these differences.
Date:
November 14, 2002
Creator:
Bickley, James M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Penetration of liquid fingers into superheated fracturedrock
Water infiltrating down a fracture in unsaturated rock experiences complex fluid-flow and heat-transfer phenomena when entering above-boiling rock temperature regions. Such conditions are expected, for example, after emplacement of heat-generating nuclear waste in underground repositories. A new, efficient semi-analytical method is proposed in this paper that simulates the flow processes of infiltration events subject to vigorous boiling from the adjacent hot rock. It is assumed that liquid flow forms in localized preferential flow paths, and that infiltration events are typically short in duration but large in magnitude relative to the average net infiltration. The new solution scheme is applied to several test cases studying sensitivity to a variety of input parameters. Sample simulations are performed for conditions representative of the potential nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. A characteristic parameter is introduced that provides a quick estimate of the relative significance of boiling at a given location of interest.
Date:
November 14, 2002
Creator:
Birkholzer, Jens
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Optimization of Processing and Modeling Issues for Thin Film Solar Cell Devices Including Concepts for the Development of Polycrystalline Multijunctions Annual Subcontract Report, 24 August 1999 - 23 August 2000
This report describes the results achieved during Phase I of a three-phase subcontract to develop and understand thin-film solar cell technology associated with CuInSe2 and related alloys, a-Si and its alloys, and CdTe. Modules based on all these thin films are promising candidates to meet DOE long-range efficiency, reliability, and manufacturing cost goals. The critical issues being addressed under this program are intended to provide the science and engineering basis for developing viable commercial processes and to improve module performance. The generic research issues addressed are: (1) quantitative analysis of processing steps to provide information for efficient commercial-scale equipment design and operation; (2) device characterization relating the device performance to materials properties and process conditions; (3) development of alloy materials with different bandgaps to allow improved device structures for stability and compatibility with module design; (4) development of improved window/heterojunction layers and contacts to improve device performance and reliability; and (5) evaluation of cell stability with respect to illumination, temperature, and ambient, and with respect to device structure and module encapsulation.
Date:
November 14, 2001
Creator:
Birkmire, R. W.; Phillips, J. E.; Shafarman, W. N.; Eser, E.; Hegedus, S. S. & McCandless, B. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library