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Seminole Sentinel (Seminole, Tex.), Vol. 94, No. 2, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 22, 2000 (open access)

Seminole Sentinel (Seminole, Tex.), Vol. 94, No. 2, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 22, 2000

Semiweekly newspaper from Seminole, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Dow, M. Gene & Fisher, David
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Polk County Enterprise (Livingston, Tex.), Vol. 118, No. 83, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 22, 2000 (open access)

Polk County Enterprise (Livingston, Tex.), Vol. 118, No. 83, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 22, 2000

Semi-weekly newspaper from Livingston, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: White, Barbara
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Levelland and Hockley County News-Press (Levelland, Tex.), Vol. 22, No. 59, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 22, 2000 (open access)

Levelland and Hockley County News-Press (Levelland, Tex.), Vol. 22, No. 59, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 22, 2000

Semiweekly newspaper from Levelland, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Rigg, John
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Al Flocke, October 22, 2000 transcript

Oral History Interview with Al Flocke, October 22, 2000

Interview with Al Flocke, a radio operator during World War II. He discusses his flight training and being the radio operator on a B-24 bomber which did raids on Guam, Turk, Iwo Jima and other islands. He also relates anecdotes about food, rations, and living conditions on the islands.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Nichols, Chuck & Flocke, Al
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Lone Star Legacy Program: Marcia Howe Bratusek and Marcile Howe Harrison, October 22, 2000 transcript

Oral History Interview with Lone Star Legacy Program: Marcia Howe Bratusek and Marcile Howe Harrison, October 22, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Marcia Howe Bratusek and Marcile Howe Harrison. Twins Bratusek and Harrison grew up in San Antonio, Texas and participated in the local committee called the National Defense Recreation and Service Committee of San Antonio (similar to the USO). Born in 1932, they were nine in 1941 and 13 in 1945. They took dance lessons and their mother made them costumes. Their costumes were bought in Mexico. They took classes from Bertha Almaguer. During the war, they performed dances for military men as frequently as three nights a week. They performed at different bases and mention Dodge Field near Fort Sam Houston. They also had three brothers in the military. They had their pictures in National Geographic magazine. They also visited the military hospitals.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Bratusek, Marcia How & Harrison, Marcile Howe
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Ed Harrell, October 22, 2000 transcript

Oral History Interview with Ed Harrell, October 22, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Ed Harrell. Harrell grew up in Kentucky and joined the Marine Corps in 1943. Once he finished training, he was assigned to the USS Indianapolis in 1944. His first encounter was in the Carolina Islands. He then went to Eniwetok Islands, Kwajalein Islands, Saipan, Tinian, and Guam. The next battle was the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot. Then the ship went on to Peleliu until the island was secured, and onto Iwo Jima and Okinawa. The ship protected other ships as well as invasion troops during the battles. At Okinawa, the ship was damaged by a kamikaze plane and went back to the United States for repairs. He discusses the kamikaze culture and his experience at a forty-millimeter gun when the kamikaze hit the USS Indianapolis. At the point, while in the United States, the ship was chosen to take the atomic bomb parts to Tinian. At San Francisco, he describes the acquiring of the atomic bomb materials without the knowledge of the Captain of the ship or the soldiers. Next, he describes the bombing of the USS Indianapolis and the aftermath. Harrell witnessed other soldiers drink salt water, …
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Harrell, Ed
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Herman Billnitzer, October 22, 2000 transcript

Oral History Interview with Herman Billnitzer, October 22, 2000

Transcript of an oral interview with Herman Billnitzer. Mr Billnitzer was a Pharmacist Mate in the Navy and spent most of his time as a corpsman with the 1st Marine Division, landing on Guadalcanal in October 1942. He describes the conditions on Guadalcanal as well as the conditions of the sailors that were rescued from ships sunk in Iron Bottom Sound. Near the end of the year, the 1st Marine Division was relieved by the Army and went to Australia for about eight months. From there, they were shipped to New Guinea, Milne Bay, where they stayed for about three months. Then, they landed on New Britain. Billnitzer gives a gripping description of the front line fighting on New Britain including the counterattacks by the Japanese; very revealing of what went on there. After New Britain, he was shipped back to the base hospital at Cape Gloucester and then to Pavuvu (Russell Islands) before he came back to the States for rest and rehabilitation in 1944; after over 20 months in the South Pacific. Billnitzer was sent to the naval hospital at Corpus Christi and then to the west coast for training at San Bruno, California. He went to Sasebo, …
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Billnitzer, Herman
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with William A. Klenk, October 22, 2000 transcript

Oral History Interview with William A. Klenk, October 22, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with William A. Klenk. He enlisted in the Navy in May 1942. He was accepted into the Naval Air Cadet Program and received his commission in June 1943. He talks about his qualifying carrier landings at NAS Glenview. He was assigned to U.S. Carrier Air Group 80 Dive Bomber Squadron United States. Navy. Bombing Squadron 80 (VB-80) on the USS Ticonderoga (CV-14). They joined the Third Fleet in Ulithi. He recalls various bombing locations in the South Pacific. He describes when the ship was hit by two kamikaze airplanes near Formosa. His air group was subsequently assigned to the USS Hancock (CV-19). He talks about making air strikes on Iwo Jima, Tokyo, and Okinawa. He describes making the trip back to the U.S. aboard various ships. He got out of the Navy in September 1945. After graduating from Penn State, he joined the Naval Reserve from which he retired in 1965. Kathryn Klenk remembers blackouts and rationing. She shares an anecdote about being married in bedroom slippers due to the rationing of shoes. William Klenk shares an anecdote about getting married despite the national holiday declared upon President Roosevelt’s …
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Klenk, William A.
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Wendell W. Fenn, October 22, 2000 transcript

Oral History Interview with Wendell W. Fenn, October 22, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Wendell W. Fenn. Born in 1922, he enlisted in the Regular Army in June 1940. He was assigned to the 1st Armored Division at Fort Knox, Kentucky. After his unit received one hundred motorcycles, he volunteered to take over the Motor Pool. He subsequently trained in the use of the cryptographic machine and was assigned to the Division Headquarters. He quickly advanced to the rank of Master Sergeant. He attended Officers’ Candidate School at Fort Knox, Kentucky. He describes social refinement training after receiving his commission. He was assigned to the 101st Airborne, 327th Glider Infantry and sent to England. He shares an anecdote about using glider boxes for living quarters. He describes his glider training as well as his additional duties as a Military Police Officer. He talks about landing in a glider in Normandy immediately prior to the D-Day invasion. He describes the capture of Sainte-Mère-Église. He shares an anecdote about flying an American flag there. He returned to England via Omaha Beach. He speaks of the grave registration unit located there. He describes participating in Operation Market Garden. In November 1944, he was evacuated to …
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Fenn, Wendell W.
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Al Flocke, October 22, 2000 transcript

Oral History Interview with Al Flocke, October 22, 2000

Transcript of an oral interview with Al Flocke. He discusses his flight training and being the radio operator on a B-24 bomber which did raids on Guam, Turk, Iwo Jima and other islands. He also ancedotes about food, rations and living conditions on the islands.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Flocke, Al
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Joseph Robeau, October 22, 2000 transcript

Oral History Interview with Joseph Robeau, October 22, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Jospeh Edward Robeau. While attending Texas A & M, Robeau joined the Army and was sent to Office rCandidate School at Fort Benning, Georgia. He was commissioned in June 1944. In October, Robeau was assigned to a heavy weapons company in the 87th Infantry Division an dsailed for England. He was assigend to a 81mm mortar section and arrived in France in November 1944. He recalls the winter weather conditions during the Battle of the Bulge. In February, Robeau was wounded by German artillery. When he recovered, he was sent from the hospital in England back to Paris where he served on a courts martial board. When the war ended, Robeau returned to the US in 1946 and resumed his studies at Texas A & M.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Robeau, Jospeh Edward
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Ralph Moreland, October 22, 2000 transcript

Oral History Interview with Ralph Moreland, October 22, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Ralph Moreland. Moreland joined the Navy in March of 1944. He served aboard the USS Hope (AH-7), helping transport wounded servicemen to hospitals from the battles at Leyte and Iwo Jima. Moreland was in charge of the loading stations, hoisting a platform up and down helping to get men from shore to ship. He shares details of a kamikaze attack on their ship. Moreland also served aboard the USS Texas (BB-35) during the Battle of Okinawa.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Moreland, Ralph
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 78, No. 331, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 22, 2000 (open access)

The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 78, No. 331, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 22, 2000

Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Cash, Wanda Garner
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 191, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 22, 2000 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 191, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 22, 2000

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Bush, Michael
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Oral History Interview with Herman Billnitzer, October 22, 2000 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Herman Billnitzer, October 22, 2000

Transcript of an oral interview with Herman Billnitzer. Mr Billnitzer was a Pharmacist Mate in the Navy and spent most of his time as a corpsman with the 1st Marine Division, landing on Guadalcanal in October 1942. He describes the conditions on Guadalcanal as well as the conditions of the sailors that were rescued from ships sunk in Iron Bottom Sound. Near the end of the year, the 1st Marine Division was relieved by the Army and went to Australia for about eight months. From there, they were shipped to New Guinea, Milne Bay, where they stayed for about three months. Then, they landed on New Britain. Billnitzer gives a gripping description of the front line fighting on New Britain including the counterattacks by the Japanese; very revealing of what went on there. After New Britain, he was shipped back to the base hospital at Cape Gloucester and then to Pavuvu (Russell Islands) before he came back to the States for rest and rehabilitation in 1944; after over 20 months in the South Pacific. Billnitzer was sent to the naval hospital at Corpus Christi and then to the west coast for training at San Bruno, California. He went to Sasebo, …
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Billnitzer, Herman
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with William A. Klenk, October 22, 2000 (open access)

Oral History Interview with William A. Klenk, October 22, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with William A. Klenk. He enlisted in the Navy in May 1942. He was accepted into the Naval Air Cadet Program and received his commission in June 1943. He talks about his qualifying carrier landings at NAS Glenview. He was assigned to U.S. Carrier Air Group 80 Dive Bomber Squadron United States. Navy. Bombing Squadron 80 (VB-80) on the USS Ticonderoga (CV-14). They joined the Third Fleet in Ulithi. He recalls various bombing locations in the South Pacific. He describes when the ship was hit by two kamikaze airplanes near Formosa. His air group was subsequently assigned to the USS Hancock (CV-19). He talks about making air strikes on Iwo Jima, Tokyo, and Okinawa. He describes making the trip back to the U.S. aboard various ships. He got out of the Navy in September 1945. After graduating from Penn State, he joined the Naval Reserve from which he retired in 1965. Kathryn Klenk remembers blackouts and rationing. She shares an anecdote about being married in bedroom slippers due to the rationing of shoes. William Klenk shares an anecdote about getting married despite the national holiday declared upon President Roosevelt’s …
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Klenk, William A.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Wendell W. Fenn, October 22, 2000 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Wendell W. Fenn, October 22, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Wendell W. Fenn. Born in 1922, he enlisted in the Regular Army in June 1940. He was assigned to the 1st Armored Division at Fort Knox, Kentucky. After his unit received one hundred motorcycles, he volunteered to take over the Motor Pool. He subsequently trained in the use of the cryptographic machine and was assigned to the Division Headquarters. He quickly advanced to the rank of Master Sergeant. He attended Officers’ Candidate School at Fort Knox, Kentucky. He describes social refinement training after receiving his commission. He was assigned to the 101st Airborne, 327th Glider Infantry and sent to England. He shares an anecdote about using glider boxes for living quarters. He describes his glider training as well as his additional duties as a Military Police Officer. He talks about landing in a glider in Normandy immediately prior to the D-Day invasion. He describes the capture of Sainte-Mère-Église. He shares an anecdote about flying an American flag there. He returned to England via Omaha Beach. He speaks of the grave registration unit located there. He describes participating in Operation Market Garden. In November 1944, he was evacuated to …
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Fenn, Wendell W.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Al Flocke, October 22, 2000 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Al Flocke, October 22, 2000

Transcript of an oral interview with Al Flocke. He discusses his flight training and being the radio operator on a B-24 bomber which did raids on Guam, Turk, Iwo Jima and other islands. He also ancedotes about food, rations and living conditions on the islands.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Flocke, Al
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Joseph Robeau, October 22, 2000 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Joseph Robeau, October 22, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Jospeh Edward Robeau. While attending Texas A & M, Robeau joined the Army and was sent to Office rCandidate School at Fort Benning, Georgia. He was commissioned in June 1944. In October, Robeau was assigned to a heavy weapons company in the 87th Infantry Division an dsailed for England. He was assigend to a 81mm mortar section and arrived in France in November 1944. He recalls the winter weather conditions during the Battle of the Bulge. In February, Robeau was wounded by German artillery. When he recovered, he was sent from the hospital in England back to Paris where he served on a courts martial board. When the war ended, Robeau returned to the US in 1946 and resumed his studies at Texas A & M.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Robeau, Jospeh Edward
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Ralph Moreland, October 22, 2000 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Ralph Moreland, October 22, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Ralph Moreland. Moreland joined the Navy in March of 1944. He served aboard the USS Hope (AH-7), helping transport wounded servicemen to hospitals from the battles at Leyte and Iwo Jima. Moreland was in charge of the loading stations, hoisting a platform up and down helping to get men from shore to ship. He shares details of a kamikaze attack on their ship. Moreland also served aboard the USS Texas (BB-35) during the Battle of Okinawa.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Moreland, Ralph
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Lone Star Legacy Program: Marcia Howe Bratusek and Marcile Howe Harrison, October 22, 2000 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Lone Star Legacy Program: Marcia Howe Bratusek and Marcile Howe Harrison, October 22, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Marcia Howe Bratusek and Marcile Howe Harrison. Twins Bratusek and Harrison grew up in San Antonio, Texas and participated in the local committee called the National Defense Recreation and Service Committee of San Antonio (similar to the USO). Born in 1932, they were nine in 1941 and 13 in 1945. They took dance lessons and their mother made them costumes. Their costumes were bought in Mexico. They took classes from Bertha Almaguer. During the war, they performed dances for military men as frequently as three nights a week. They performed at different bases and mention Dodge Field near Fort Sam Houston. They also had three brothers in the military. They had their pictures in National Geographic magazine. They also visited the military hospitals.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Bratusek, Marcia How & Harrison, Marcile Howe
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Ed Harrell, October 22, 2000 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Ed Harrell, October 22, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Ed Harrell. Harrell grew up in Kentucky and joined the Marine Corps in 1943. Once he finished training, he was assigned to the USS Indianapolis in 1944. His first encounter was in the Carolina Islands. He then went to Eniwetok Islands, Kwajalein Islands, Saipan, Tinian, and Guam. The next battle was the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot. Then the ship went on to Peleliu until the island was secured, and onto Iwo Jima and Okinawa. The ship protected other ships as well as invasion troops during the battles. At Okinawa, the ship was damaged by a kamikaze plane and went back to the United States for repairs. He discusses the kamikaze culture and his experience at a forty-millimeter gun when the kamikaze hit the USS Indianapolis. At the point, while in the United States, the ship was chosen to take the atomic bomb parts to Tinian. At San Francisco, he describes the acquiring of the atomic bomb materials without the knowledge of the Captain of the ship or the soldiers. Next, he describes the bombing of the USS Indianapolis and the aftermath. Harrell witnessed other soldiers drink salt water, …
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Harrell, Ed
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Alvin Sun-Advertiser (Alvin, Tex.), Vol. 109, No. 85, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 22, 2000 (open access)

Alvin Sun-Advertiser (Alvin, Tex.), Vol. 109, No. 85, Ed. 1 Sunday, October 22, 2000

Weekly newspaper from Alvin, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Schwind, Jim & Holton, Kathleen
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Express-Star (Chickasha, Okla.), Ed. 1 Sunday, October 22, 2000 (open access)

The Express-Star (Chickasha, Okla.), Ed. 1 Sunday, October 22, 2000

Daily newspaper from Chickasha, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 22, 2000
Creator: Bush, Kent
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History