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Abortion: Legislative Response (open access)

Abortion: Legislative Response

The primary focus of this issue brief is legislative action in the 108th Congress with respect to abortion. However, discussion of those legislative proposals necessarily involves a brief discussion of the leading U.S. Supreme Court decisions concerning a woman’s right to choose whether to terminate her pregnancy. For a more detailed discussion of the relevant case law, see CRS Report 95-724, Abortion Law Development: A Brief Overview.
Date: October 3, 2003
Creator: Lewis, Karen J.; Shimabukuro, Jon O. & Ely, Dana
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Partial-Birth Abortion: Recent Developments in the Law (open access)

Partial-Birth Abortion: Recent Developments in the Law

None
Date: October 3, 2003
Creator: Shimabukuro, Jon O.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Climate Change: Federal Research, Technology, and Related Programs (open access)

Climate Change: Federal Research, Technology, and Related Programs

A major focus of efforts to address possible global climate change has been on energy use, given that carbon dioxide, the major “greenhouse gas,” is added to the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned. Federal programs to increase energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy resources have a history that goes back well over two decades. While many of these efforts were aimed at reducing U.S. dependence on oil imports and addressing electricity needs, they also are relevant to environmental concerns, including climate change.
Date: October 3, 2001
Creator: Simpson, Michael M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Environmental Protection Agency's FY2004 Budget (open access)

The Environmental Protection Agency's FY2004 Budget

For FY2004, the President’s budget requested $7.6 billion in budget authority for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), $448 million (or 6%) less than the $8.1 billion current funding level. The House approved $8.0 billion in H.R. 2861 (H.Rept. 108-235) on July 25. Senate action is anticipated in September. The request consisted of $3.1 billion for EPA operating expenses, $3.1 billion for assisting state and local governments, and $1.4 billion for cleaning up Superfund toxic waste sites. Wastewater infrastructure needs and the future of Superfund are prominent topics.
Date: October 3, 2003
Creator: Lee, Martin R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Emergency Spending: Statutory and Congressional Rules (open access)

Emergency Spending: Statutory and Congressional Rules

Under the Budget Enforcement Act (BEA), there are statutory limits (caps) on the level of federal discretionary spending, enforced by across-the-board spending cuts, known as a sequester. If, however, spending is designated as emergency by both the President and Congress, it will not trigger a sequester, because the caps are adjusted automatically by an amount equal to the emergency spending. Since the BEA was first enacted in 1990, both the House and Senate have supplemented its provisions with additional limitations in their respective rules concerning the use of emergency designations.
Date: October 3, 2001
Creator: Saturno, James V.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Medical Records Privacy: Questions and Answers on the HIPAA Final Rule (open access)

Medical Records Privacy: Questions and Answers on the HIPAA Final Rule

This report discusses the issue facing Congress on whether to continue to support the executive branch’s prosecution of medical marijuana patients and their providers, in accordance with marijuana’s status as a Schedule I drug under the Controlled Substances Act, or whether to relax federal marijuana prohibition enough to permit the medical use of botanical cannabis products by seriously ill persons, especially in states that have created medical marijuana programs under state law.
Date: October 3, 2002
Creator: Redhead, C. Stephen
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Constitutionality of a Senate Filibuster of a Judicial Nomination (open access)

Constitutionality of a Senate Filibuster of a Judicial Nomination

This report provides an overview of the major issues which have been raised recently in the Senate regarding the Judicial Nominations, Filibusters, and the Constitution: When a Majority Is Denied Its Right to Consent and in the press concerning the constitutionality of a Senate filibuster (i.e., extended debate) of a judicial nomination.
Date: October 3, 2003
Creator: Shampansky, Jay R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Congressional Action on Iraq 1990-2002: A Compilation of Legislation (open access)

Congressional Action on Iraq 1990-2002: A Compilation of Legislation

This report is a compilation of legislation on Iraq from 1990 to the present. The list is composed of resolutions and public laws relating to military action and/or diplomatic pressure to be taken against Iraq.1 The list does not include foreign aid appropriations bills passed since FY1994 that deny U.S. funds to any nation in violation of the United Nations sanctions regime against Iraq.2 Also, measures that were not passed only in either the House or the Senate are not included (with the exception of the proposals in the 107th Congress).
Date: October 3, 2002
Creator: Sharp, Jeremy M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Gun Control Legislation in the 107th Congress (open access)

Gun Control Legislation in the 107th Congress

This report details the gun control legislation in the 107th Congress. The contents include Gun-related statistics, federal regulation of firearms, and possible issues for the 107th Congress.
Date: October 3, 2002
Creator: Krouse, William J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
War on Drugs: Legislation in the 108th Congress and Related Developments (open access)

War on Drugs: Legislation in the 108th Congress and Related Developments

None
Date: October 3, 2004
Creator: Eddy, Mark
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Military Pay and Benefits: Key Questions and Answers (open access)

Military Pay and Benefits: Key Questions and Answers

None
Date: October 3, 2002
Creator: Goldich, Robert L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
POWs and MIAs: Status and Accounting Issues (open access)

POWs and MIAs: Status and Accounting Issues

None
Date: October 3, 2002
Creator: Goldich, Robert L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear Arms Control: The U.S.-Russian Agenda (open access)

Nuclear Arms Control: The U.S.-Russian Agenda

None
Date: October 3, 2002
Creator: Woolf, Amy F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Iraq: Divergent Views on Military Action (open access)

Iraq: Divergent Views on Military Action

None
Date: October 3, 2002
Creator: Prados, Alfred B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Campaign Financing (open access)

Campaign Financing

This is one report in the series of reports that discuss the campaign finance practices and related issues. Concerns over financing federal elections have become a seemingly perennial aspect of our political system, centered on the enduring issues of high campaign costs and reliance on interest groups for needed campaign funds. The report talks about the today’s paramount issues such as perceived loopholes in current law and the longstanding issues: overall costs, funding sources, and competition.
Date: October 3, 2002
Creator: Cantor, Joseph E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Energy Policy: The Continuing Debate (open access)

Energy Policy: The Continuing Debate

On April 10, 2003, the House passed comprehensive energy legislation, H.R. 6 (247- 175). The bill was a composite of four measures – H.R. 39, reported from the House Committee on Resources, H.R. 238, marked up by the House Science Committee, H.R. 1531, reported from Ways and Means, and an unnumbered bill reported out of the Energy and Commerce Committee. Unlike comprehensive energy legislation (H.R. 4) debated in the 107th Congress, H.R. 6 includes a section on electricity which has stirred some controversy. H.R. 6 would provide authorization for exploration and development of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR).
Date: October 3, 2003
Creator: Bamberger, Robert L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Safe Drinking Water Act: Implementation and Issues (open access)

Safe Drinking Water Act: Implementation and Issues

None
Date: October 3, 2003
Creator: Tiemann, Mary
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Noise Abatement and Control: An Overview of Federal Standards and Regulations (open access)

Noise Abatement and Control: An Overview of Federal Standards and Regulations

None
Date: October 3, 2002
Creator: Bearden, David M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Electronic Banking: The Check Truncation Issue (open access)

Electronic Banking: The Check Truncation Issue

If all checks were replaced by electronic transactions, the exact cost savings would still be unknown, because estimates of the cost of using a check and the number of checks written each year remain in dispute. Consequently, estimates of cost savings range from $1.4 billion annually for truncation alone to $68 billion for replacing checks with electronic payments. A significant part of the savings comes from eliminating the handling, sorting, and physically transporting of checks to the paying bank. To clear checks electronically, banks must negotiate processing agreements thatmake it unnecessary to physically present the paper check. Since the benefits are not uniformly dispersed among the participants, banks have found it difficult to obtain these agreements, thus constraining the widespread adoption of electronic check clearing.
Date: October 3, 2003
Creator: Eubanks, Walter W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Israel: U.S. Foreign Assistance (open access)

Israel: U.S. Foreign Assistance

None
Date: October 3, 2003
Creator: Mark, Clyde R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Lebanon (open access)

Lebanon

None
Date: October 3, 2003
Creator: Mark, Clyde R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China-U.S. Trade Issues (open access)

China-U.S. Trade Issues

U.S.-China economic ties have expanded substantially over the past several years. China is now the third largest U.S. trading partner, its second largest source of imports, and its fourth largest export market. However, U.S.-China commercial ties have been strained by a number of issues, including a surging U.S. trade deficit with China, China's refusal to float its currency, and failure to fully comply with its World Trade Organization (WTO) commitments, especially its failure to provide protection for U.S. intellectual property rights (IPR). This report explores these issues in detail, especially concerning the lack of protection for U.S. IPR.
Date: October 3, 2003
Creator: Morrison, Wayne M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Central Asia: Regional Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests (open access)

Central Asia: Regional Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests

This report provides an overview of U.S. policy concerns and relations with countries in central Asia. The report discusses issues such as Fostering Pro-Western Orientations, Obstacles to Peace and Independence, Democratization and Human Rights, Security and Arms Control, Trade and Investment, and provides an Aid Overview.
Date: October 3, 2003
Creator: Nichol, Jim
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Saudi Arabia: Current Issues and U.S. Relations (open access)

Saudi Arabia: Current Issues and U.S. Relations

None
Date: October 3, 2002
Creator: Prados, Alfred B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library