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Improved Biomass Utilization Through Remote Flow Sensing (open access)

Improved Biomass Utilization Through Remote Flow Sensing

The growth of the livestock industry provides a valuable source of affordable, sustainable, and renewable bioenergy, while also requiring the safe disposal of the large quantities of animal wastes (manure) generated at dairy, swine, and poultry farms. If these biomass resources are mishandled and underutilized, major environmental problems will be created, such as surface and ground water contamination, odors, dust, ammonia leaching, and methane emission. Anaerobic digestion of animal wastes, in which microorganisms break down organic materials in the absence of oxygen, is one of the most promising waste treatment technologies. This process produces biogas typically containing {approx}65% methane and {approx}35% carbon dioxide. The production of biogas through anaerobic digestion from animal wastes, landfills, and municipal waste water treatment plants represents a large source of renewable and sustainable bio-fuel. Such bio-fuel can be combusted directly, used in internal combustion engines, converted into methanol, or partially oxidized to produce synthesis gas (a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide) that can be converted to clean liquid fuels and chemicals via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Different design and mixing configurations of anaerobic digesters for treating cow manure have been utilized commercially and/or tested on a laboratory scale. These digesters include mechanically mixed, gas recirculation mixed, …
Date: March 26, 2007
Creator: Al-Dahhan, Muthanna; Varma, Rajneesh; Karim, Khursheed; Vesvikar, Mehul; Hoffman, Rebecca; Depaoli, David et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 24, No. 17, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 26, 2007 (open access)

Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 24, No. 17, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 26, 2007

Weekly newspaper from Timpson, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 26, 2007
Creator: Alexander, Nancy
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 25, No. 30, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 26, 2007 (open access)

Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 25, No. 30, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 26, 2007

Weekly newspaper from Timpson, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: July 26, 2007
Creator: Alexander, Nancy
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Evaluation of ITER MSE Viewing Optics (open access)

Evaluation of ITER MSE Viewing Optics

The Motional Stark Effect (MSE) diagnostic on ITER determines the local plasma current density by measuring the polarization angle of light resulting from the interaction of a high energy neutral heating beam and the tokamak plasma. This light signal has to be transmitted from the edge and core of the plasma to a polarization analyzer located in the port plug. The optical system should either preserve the polarization information, or it should be possible to reliably calibrate any changes induced by the optics. This LLNL Work for Others project for the US ITER Project Office (USIPO) is focused on the design of the viewing optics for both the edge and core MSE systems. Several design constraints were considered, including: image quality, lack of polarization aberrations, ease of construction and cost of mirrors, neutron shielding, and geometric layout in the equatorial port plugs. The edge MSE optics are located in ITER equatorial port 3 and view Heating Beam 5, and the core system is located in equatorial port 1 viewing heating beam 4. The current work is an extension of previous preliminary design work completed by the ITER central team (ITER resources were not available to complete a detailed optimization of …
Date: March 26, 2007
Creator: Allen, S.; Lerner, S.; Morris, K.; Jayakumar, J.; Holcomb, C.; Makowski, M. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Validation of Reinforced Concrete Modeling Capabilities for Seismic Response (open access)

Validation of Reinforced Concrete Modeling Capabilities for Seismic Response

None
Date: September 26, 2007
Creator: Alves, S W & Noble, C R
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Prospects for Electron Imaging with Ultrafast Time Resolution (open access)

Prospects for Electron Imaging with Ultrafast Time Resolution

Many pivotal aspects of material science, biomechanics, and chemistry would benefit from nanometer imaging with ultrafast time resolution. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of short-pulse electron imaging with t10 nanometer/10 picosecond spatio-temporal resolution, sufficient to characterize phenomena that propagate at the speed of sound in materials (1-10 kilometer/second) without smearing. We outline resolution-degrading effects that occur at high current density followed by strategies to mitigate these effects. Finally, we present a model electron imaging system that achieves 10 nanometer/10 picosecond spatio-temporal resolution.
Date: January 26, 2007
Creator: Armstrong, M R; Reed, B W; Torralva, B R & Browning, N D
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Status of the Nif Power Conditioning System (open access)

Status of the Nif Power Conditioning System

The NIF Power Conditioning System provides the pulsed excitation required to drive flashlamps in the laser's optical amplifiers. Modular in design, each of the 192 Main Energy Storage Modules (MESMs) storage up to 2.2 MJ of electrical energy in its capacitor bank before delivering the energy to 20 pairs of flashlamps in a 400 {micro}s pulse (10% power points). The peak current of each MESM discharge is 0.5 MA. Production, installation, commissioning and operation of the NIF Power Conditioning continue to progress rapidly, with the goals of completing accelerated production in late 2007 and finishing commissioning by early 2008, all the while maintaining an aggressive operations schedule. To date, more than 80% of the required modules have been assembled, shipped and installed in the facility, representing more that 240 MJ of stored energy available for driving NIF flashlamps. The MESMs have displayed outstanding reliability during daily, multiple-shift operations.
Date: July 26, 2007
Creator: Arnold, P.; Hulsey, S.; Ullery, G.; Petersen, D.; Pendleton, D.; Ollis, C. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Reactive Membrane Barriers for Containment of Subsurface Contamination (open access)

Reactive Membrane Barriers for Containment of Subsurface Contamination

The overall goal of this project was to develop reactive membrane barriers--a new and flexible technique to contain and stabilize subsurface contaminants. Polymer membranes will leak once a contaminant is able to diffuse through the membrane. By incorporating a reactive material in the polymer, however, the contaminant is degraded or immobilized within the membrane. These processes increase the time for contaminants to breakthrough the barrier (i.e. the lag time) and can dramatically extend barrier lifetimes. In this work, reactive barrier membranes containing zero-valent iron (Fe{sup 0}) or crystalline silicotitanate (CST) were developed to prevent the migration of chlorinated solvents and cesium-137, respectively. These studies were complemented by the development of models quantifying the leakage/kill time of reactive membranes and describing the behavior of products produced via the reactions within the membranes. First, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes containing Fe{sup 0} and CST were prepared and tested. Although PVA is not useful in practical applications, it allows experiments to be performed rapidly and the results to be compared to theory. For copper ions (Cu{sup 2+}) and carbon tetrachloride, the barrier was effective, increasing the time to breakthrough over 300 times. Even better performance was expected, and the percentage of the iron used …
Date: February 26, 2007
Creator: Arnold, William A. & Cussler, Edward L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Search for B+ to tau+ nu (open access)

A Search for B+ to tau+ nu

The authors present a search for the decay B{sup +} {yields} {tau}{sup +}{nu} using 383 x 10{sup 6} B{bar B} pairs collected at the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II B-Factory. A sample of events with one reconstructed semileptonic B decay (B{sup -} {yields} D{sup 0}{ell}{sup -}{bar {nu}}{sub {ell}}X) is selected, and in the recoil a search for B{sup +} {yields} {tau}{sup +}{nu} is performed. The {tau} is identified in the following channels: {tau}{sup +} {yields} e{sup +}{nu}{bar {nu}}, {tau}{sup +} {yields} {mu}{sup +}{nu}{bar {nu}}, {tau}{sup +} {yields} {pi}{sup +} {bar {nu}} and {tau}{sup +} {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup 0}{bar {nu}}. They measure a branching fraction of {Beta}(B{sup +} {yields} {tau}{sup +}{nu}) = (0.9 {+-} 0.6(stat.) {+-} 0.1(syst.)) x 10{sup -4}. In the absence of a significant signal, we calculate an upper limit at the 90% confidence level of {Beta}(B{sup +} {yields} {tau}{sup +}{nu}) < 1.7 x 10{sup -4}. They calculate the product of the B meson decay constant f{sub B} and |V{sub ub}| to be f{sub B} {center_dot} |V{sub ub}| = (7.2{sub -2.8}{sup +2.0}(stat.) {+-} 0.2(syst.)) x 10{sup -4} GeV.
Date: June 26, 2007
Creator: Aubert, B.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
ELECTRICAL SAFETY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT A COMPLEX WIDE TEAMING INITIATIVE (open access)

ELECTRICAL SAFETY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT A COMPLEX WIDE TEAMING INITIATIVE

This paper describes the results of a year-long project, sponsored by the Energy Facility Contractors Group (EFCOG) and designed to improve overall electrical safety performance throughout Department of Energy (DOE)-owned sites and laboratories. As evidenced by focused metrics, the Project was successful primarily due to the joint commitment of contractor and DOE electrical safety experts, as well as significant support from DOE and contractor senior management. The effort was managed by an assigned project manager, using classical project-management principles that included execution of key deliverables and regular status reports to the Project sponsor. At the conclusion of the Project, the DOE not only realized measurable improvement in the safety of their workers, but also had access to valuable resources that will enable them to do the following: evaluate and improve electrical safety programs; analyze and trend electrical safety events; increase electrical safety awareness for both electrical and non-electrical workers; and participate in ongoing processes dedicated to continued improvement.
Date: November 26, 2007
Creator: BJ, GRAY
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
DETAILED ANALYSIS OF THE MOST PROMISING ALTERNATIVES TO USING GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON TO TREAT 200-ZP-1 GROUNDWATER AND 200-PW-1 SOIL VAPOR (open access)

DETAILED ANALYSIS OF THE MOST PROMISING ALTERNATIVES TO USING GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON TO TREAT 200-ZP-1 GROUNDWATER AND 200-PW-1 SOIL VAPOR

This document presents a detailed evaluation of selected alternative treatment options to granular activated carbon (GAC) for removing carbon tetrachloride generated from the groundwater pump-and-treat system at the 200-ZP-I Operable Unit (OU) in the 200 West Area of the Hanford Site. This evaluation of alternative treatment options to GAC is also applicable to the vadose zone soil vapor extraction (SVE) system at the 200-PW-l OU, which is also located in the Hanford Site's 200 West Area.
Date: November 26, 2007
Creator: BYRNES ME, KALMAR JA
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Ashley Sears at Aerie yearbook booth]

Photograph of Ashley Sears, a UNT sophomore, at the Aerie Yearbook booth during the Mean Green Fling. She is turning the pages of a past yearbook and another student is standing behind her.
Date: August 26, 2007
Creator: Baugh, Brian
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Attendee at UNT Homecoming Bonfire, 2007]

Photograph of an attendee wearing a Guy Fawkes mask at the traditional UNT Homecoming Bonfire. They are standing on the edge of the pond between them and the bonfire and are also wearing a wig, beanie, and gloves.
Date: October 26, 2007
Creator: Baugh, Brian
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Blue and white firework bursts at Eagle Point]

Photograph of fireworks going off at Eagle Point on the UNT campus at a gathering for Homecoming. There are blue and white bursts and several people on the ground nearby.
Date: October 26, 2007
Creator: Baugh, Brian
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Bursts of fireworks going off at UNT]

Photograph of fireworks going off on the UNT campus. There are a few large bursts in the air and lights and people on the ground nearby.
Date: October 26, 2007
Creator: Baugh, Brian
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Cheerleaders in bonfire parade, 2007]

Photograph of cheerleaders in the 2007 UNT bonfire parade. They are walking down the road and the ones in front are holding up their pompoms.
Date: October 26, 2007
Creator: Baugh, Brian
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[College of Engineering student cutting plants]

Photograph of a UNT College of Engineering student working on an assignment in the woods. They are seated on the ground and are taking cuttings from the plants around them for samples. There is a large plastic bin behind them.
Date: October 26, 2007
Creator: Baugh, Brian
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[College of Engineering student holding up plant material]

Photograph of a UNT College of Engineering student working on an assignment in the woods. They are crouched down on the ground and are holding up something that looks similar to a pecan or tree-nut.
Date: October 26, 2007
Creator: Baugh, Brian
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[College of Engineering student holding up tree nut]

Photograph of a UNT College of Engineering student working on an assignment in the woods. They are crouched down on the ground and are holding up something that looks similar to a pecan or tree-nut.
Date: October 26, 2007
Creator: Baugh, Brian
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[College of Engineering student sitting in woods]

Photograph of a UNT College of Engineering student working on an assignment in the woods. They have sample bottles in their hands and a backpack and materials scattered next to them.
Date: October 26, 2007
Creator: Baugh, Brian
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[College of Engineering students crouched in woods]

Photograph of UNT College of Engineering students working on an assignment in the woods. They are crouched in the vegetation and one is looking at materials in front of them.
Date: October 26, 2007
Creator: Baugh, Brian
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Colorful firework bursts at Eagle Point]

Photograph of fireworks going off at Eagle Point on the UNT campus at a gathering for Homecoming. There is a green fountain and red, green and white bursts above. Several people on the ground nearby watching.
Date: October 26, 2007
Creator: Baugh, Brian
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Colorful fireworks at Eagle Point]

Photograph of fireworks going off at Eagle Point on the UNT campus at a gathering for Homecoming. There are red, white, and blue fountains and a green and white burst above. Several people on the ground nearby watching.
Date: October 26, 2007
Creator: Baugh, Brian
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Crowd in glow of UNT Homecoming Bonfire, 2007]

Photograph of students and other attendees watching the traditional UNT Homecoming Bonfire. There is an orange glow over all of them and some are covering their eyes from the brightness. They are standing on the edge of the pond that the bonfire was built next to.
Date: October 26, 2007
Creator: Baugh, Brian
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library