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Critical Infrastructure Protection: Significant Challenges in Safeguarding Government and Privately Controlled Systems from Computer-Based Attacks (open access)

Critical Infrastructure Protection: Significant Challenges in Safeguarding Government and Privately Controlled Systems from Computer-Based Attacks

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Federal agencies, and other public and private groups, rely extensively on computer systems and electronic data. The security of these systems and data is essential to avoiding disruptions in critical operations and preventing data tampering, fraud, and inappropriate disclosure of sensitive information. However, federal computer systems contain weaknesses that continue to put critical operations and assets at risk. In particular, deficiencies exist in entitywide security programs that are critical to agencies' success in ensuring that risks are understood and effective controls are implemented. Many efforts have been undertaken to implement the nationally critical infrastructure protection strategy outlined in Presidential Decision Directive (PDD) 63. However, progress in key areas has been limited. Although outreach efforts by many federal entities to establish cooperative relationships with and among private and other nonfederal entities have raised awareness and prompted information sharing, efforts to perform substantive analyses of sector-wide and cross-sector interdependencies and related vulnerabilities have been limited. A major impediment to implementing the strategy outlined in PDD 63 is the lack of a national plan that clearly spells out the roles and responsibilities of federal and nonfederal entities and defines interim objectives."
Date: September 26, 2001
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Canceled DOD Appropriations: $615 Million of Illegal or Otherwise Improper Adjustments (open access)

Canceled DOD Appropriations: $615 Million of Illegal or Otherwise Improper Adjustments

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This testimony reviews the Department of Defense's (DOD) handling of appropriated funds from expired appropriation accounts. In 1990, Congress changed the law governing the use of appropriation accounts because it concluded that controls over them were not working. Without adequate controls, Congress was concerned that agencies could disburse money in amounts and for purposes that it had not approved. GAO found that DOD improperly charged appropriation accounts after they were closed. GAO also found that DOD did not establish the requisite systems, controls, and managerial attention required to properly account for its disbursements consistent with the 1990 account closing law, and as a result, DOD made at least $615 million of illegal or otherwise improper adjustments during fiscal year 2000 alone. DOD was aware of the limitations the account closing law placed on the availability of canceled appropriations and that the law was enacted because of previous abuses by DOD's use of old appropriations. DOD also knew that a major system used to control its use of appropriations allowed for disbursements to be charged in a way that was inconsistent with the law. However, DOD did nothing to …
Date: July 26, 2001
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Welfare Reform: Challenges in Saving for a Rainy Day (open access)

Welfare Reform: Challenges in Saving for a Rainy Day

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This testimony discusses states' plans for operating their Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) programs in the event of an economic downturn. GAO found that the data available on the levels and adequacy of states' reserves is insufficient and misleading. Furthermore, most states have done little planning for economic contingencies. Many states cite obstacles to saving money for possible economic downturns. Although TANF funds can be set aside in a budgetary reserve, state officials said that they are concerned that the accumulation of unspent TANF funds might signal that the funds are not needed. Another option for states would be to save their own funds in a general purpose rainy day account, but state officials said that welfare would have to compete with other state priorities when these funds are released from state treasuries. There are now federal contingency mechanisms for states to access additional federal resources in the event of a recession or other emergency--the Contingency Fund for State Welfare Programs and the Federal Loan for State Welfare Programs. However, states generally found these programs too complex and restrictive, and would most likely find other ways to …
Date: April 26, 2001
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
National Defense Stockpile: Improved Financial Plan Needed to Enhance Decision-making (open access)

National Defense Stockpile: Improved Financial Plan Needed to Enhance Decision-making

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The National Defense Stockpile is composed of strategic and critical materials that can be used in times of national emergency. The stockpile was established to minimize dependence on foreign sources of these materials. Because of changes in mobilization planning and modernization of weapon systems, stockpiling requirements for many materials have been reduced dramatically during the last two decades. The Defense Logistic Agency's Defense National Stockpile Center manages the stockpile program and is responsible for the sale of materials that exceed stockpile requirements. Concerns have arisen over whether existing cash balances and projected collections from stockpile gross sales will meet all expected stockpile transaction fund outlays for fiscal years 2000-2010. GAO found that the National Defense Stockpile transaction fund's projected long-term outlays exceed projected collections from gross sales. The projections do not include all likely outlays, so the timing and size of a gap between available funds and outlays is unclear."
Date: January 26, 2001
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Federally Chartered Corporation: Review of the Financial Statement Audit Report for the National Conference of State Societies, Washington, District of Columbia, for Fiscal Years 1999 and 1998 (open access)

Federally Chartered Corporation: Review of the Financial Statement Audit Report for the National Conference of State Societies, Washington, District of Columbia, for Fiscal Years 1999 and 1998

Correspondence issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "GAO reviewed the audit report covering the financial statements of the National Conference of State Societies, Washington, District of Columbia, for fiscal years 1999 and 1998. GAO found no reportable instances of noncompliance, and the report included the auditor's opinions that the financial statements of the corporation were presented fairly on a cash basis of accounting."
Date: June 26, 2001
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Moldova: Basic Facts (open access)

Moldova: Basic Facts

Moldova was incorporated into the Soviet Union June 1940, and regained its independence on August 27, 1991. Shortly thereafter, Moldova faced challenges from Turkic-speaking Gagauz and ethnic Russians, both residing in Moldova's Dniestr valley, who proclaimed separatist "republics." Other challenges facing Moldovans include pursuing economic reform and choosing between potential reunification with their ethnic cohorts in Romania and forging an independent identity.
Date: June 26, 2001
Creator: Woehrel, Steven
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Today Cedar Hill (Duncanville, Tex.), Vol. 36, No. 19, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 26, 2001 (open access)

Today Cedar Hill (Duncanville, Tex.), Vol. 36, No. 19, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 26, 2001

Weekly newspaper published in Duncanville, Texas that includes local Cedar Hill, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: July 26, 2001
Creator: Crooks, Kristi
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Today Cedar Hill (Duncanville, Tex.), Vol. 36, No. 6, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 26, 2001 (open access)

Today Cedar Hill (Duncanville, Tex.), Vol. 36, No. 6, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 26, 2001

Weekly newspaper published in Duncanville, Texas that includes local Cedar Hill, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 26, 2001
Creator: Crooks, Kristi
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Canadian Record (Canadian, Tex.), Vol. 3, No. 17, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 26, 2001 (open access)

The Canadian Record (Canadian, Tex.), Vol. 3, No. 17, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 26, 2001

Weekly newspaper from Canadian, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: April 26, 2001
Creator: Ezzell, Nancy & Brown, Laurie Ezzell
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Bogata News (Bogata, Tex.), Vol. 91, No. 10, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 26, 2001 (open access)

Bogata News (Bogata, Tex.), Vol. 91, No. 10, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 26, 2001

Weekly newspaper from Bogata, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: July 26, 2001
Creator: Nichols, Nanalee & Nichols, Thomas
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Bogata News (Bogata, Tex.), Vol. 90, No. 49, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 26, 2001 (open access)

Bogata News (Bogata, Tex.), Vol. 90, No. 49, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 26, 2001

Weekly newspaper from Bogata, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 26, 2001
Creator: Nichols, Nanalee & Nichols, Thomas
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Texas flags email correspondence] (open access)

[Texas flags email correspondence]

Email correspondence about an article on museums housing historic flags across Texas that was published in the March 2002 issue of Texas Highways magazine.
Date: 2001-02-26/2002-01-09
Creator: Mallory, Randy; Heidbreder, Larry; Adams, John; Watkins, Kirsten; Dark, Deena Harrison; Sutton, Meredith et al.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cherokeean/Herald (Rusk, Tex.), Vol. 152, No. 10, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 26, 2001 (open access)

Cherokeean/Herald (Rusk, Tex.), Vol. 152, No. 10, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 26, 2001

Weekly newspaper from Rusk, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: April 26, 2001
Creator: Whitehead, Marie
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Cherokeean/Herald (Rusk, Tex.), Vol. 152, No. 23, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 26, 2001 (open access)

Cherokeean/Herald (Rusk, Tex.), Vol. 152, No. 23, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 26, 2001

Weekly newspaper from Rusk, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: July 26, 2001
Creator: Whitehead, Marie
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The University News (Irving, Tex.), Vol. 26, No. 4, Ed. 1 Wednesday, September 26, 2001 (open access)

The University News (Irving, Tex.), Vol. 26, No. 4, Ed. 1 Wednesday, September 26, 2001

Weekly student newspaper from the University of Dallas in Irving, Texas that includes campus news and commentaries along with advertising.
Date: September 26, 2001
Creator: Gaunt, Sarah
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-415 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-415

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John Cornyn, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether renting a portion of a residence disqualifies that portion for the homestead-tax exemption, and related questions (RQ-0361-JC)
Date: September 26, 2001
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-416 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-416

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John Cornyn, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether the Texas Department of Public Safety has authority to establish and administer a training and safety program for off-road dirt bikes (RQ-0364-JC)
Date: September 26, 2001
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-417 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-417

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John Cornyn, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether the Archdiocese of San Antonio must obtain a permit from the Texas Department of Banking in order to sell prepaid funeral benefits (RQ-0367-JC)
Date: September 26, 2001
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-436 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-436

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John Cornyn, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; The ad valorem taxation of mineral interests that extend across boundary between two counties (RQ-0389-JC)
Date: November 26, 2001
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Insulated Pressure Vessels for Vehicular Hydrogen Storage: Analysis and Performance Evaluation (open access)

Insulated Pressure Vessels for Vehicular Hydrogen Storage: Analysis and Performance Evaluation

Insulated pressure vessels are cryogenic-capable pressure vessels that can be fueled with liquid hydrogen (LH{sub 2}) or ambient-temperature compressed hydrogen (CH{sub 2}). Insulated pressure vessels offer the advantages of liquid hydrogen tanks (low weight and volume), with reduced disadvantages (fuel flexibility, lower energy requirement for hydrogen liquefaction and reduced evaporative losses). The work described here is directed at verifying that commercially available pressure vessels can be safely used to store liquid hydrogen. The use of commercially available pressure vessels significantly reduces the cost and complexity of the insulated pressure vessel development effort. This paper describes a series of tests that have been done with aluminum-lined, fiber-wrapped vessels to evaluate the damage caused by low temperature operation. All analysis and experiments to date indicate that no significant damage has resulted. Required future tests are described that will prove that no technical barriers exist to the safe use of aluminum-fiber vessels at cryogenic temperatures. Future activities also include a demonstration project in which the insulated pressure vessels will be installed and tested on two vehicles. A draft standard will also be generated for obtaining certification for insulated pressure vessels.
Date: June 26, 2001
Creator: Aceves, S. M.; Martinez-Frias, J.; Garcia-Villazana, O. & Espinosa-Loza, F.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Mechanical Engineering Safety Note PEPC Spreader Bar Assembly (open access)

Mechanical Engineering Safety Note PEPC Spreader Bar Assembly

The PEPC Spreader Bar Assembly consists of a spreader bar that will be attached to the PEPC Cell Housing or the Midplane Transportation Fixture during operation. While in use in the OAB (Optics Assembly Building), the Spreader Bar Assembly will be manipulated by the NOID (New Optics Insertion Device). The other critical components of the assembly are the three angular contact bearing swivels that attach the spreader bar to the lifting mechanism and the corner clamps which are used to capture the Cell Housing.
Date: August 26, 2001
Creator: Mason, D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Recent Results from EBIT-II Using a Spare Astro-E Microcalorimeter (open access)

Recent Results from EBIT-II Using a Spare Astro-E Microcalorimeter

A spare NASA/GSFC Astro-E microcalorimeter has been installed, tested, and run successfully on EBIT-II at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. A brief overview of results including measurements by the microcalorimeter of absolute excitation cross sections, time dependent spectra, and spectra as a function of Maxwellian temperature are discussed.
Date: June 26, 2001
Creator: Brown, G V; Behar, E; Beiersdorfer, P; Boyce, K R; Chen, H; Gendreau, K C et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Effect of multiple and delayed jet impact and penetration on concrete target borehole diameter (open access)

Effect of multiple and delayed jet impact and penetration on concrete target borehole diameter

The effect of multiple and delayed jet impact and penetration on the borehole diameter in concrete targets is discussed in this paper. A first-order principle of shaped-charge jet penetration is that target hole volume is proportional to the energy deposited in the target by the jet. This principle is the basis for the relation that target borehole diameter at any depth along the penetration path is proportional to the jet energy deposited in the target at that location. Our current research shows that the 'jet energy per unit hole volume constant' for concrete can be substantially altered by the use of multiple and delayed jet impacts. It has been shown that enhanced entrance crater formation results from the simultaneous impact and penetration of three shaped-charge jets. We now demonstrate that enhanced borehole diameter is also observed by the simultaneous impact and penetration of multiple shaped-charge jets followed by the delayed impact and penetration of a single shaped-charge jet.
Date: January 26, 2001
Creator: Murphy, M J; Baum, D W; Kuklo, R M & Simonson, S C
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Creating Ensembles of Decision Trees Through Sampling (open access)

Creating Ensembles of Decision Trees Through Sampling

Recent work in classification indicates that significant improvements in accuracy can be obtained by growing an ensemble of classifiers and having them vote for the most popular class. This paper focuses on ensembles of decision trees that are created with a randomized procedure based on sampling. Randomization can be introduced by using random samples of the training data (as in bagging or boosting) and running a conventional tree-building algorithm, or by randomizing the induction algorithm itself. The objective of this paper is to describe the first experiences with a novel randomized tree induction method that uses a sub-sample of instances at a node to determine the split. The empirical results show that ensembles generated using this approach yield results that are competitive in accuracy and superior in computational cost to boosting and bagging.
Date: July 26, 2001
Creator: Kamath, C. & Cantu-Paz, E.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library