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Trade Promotion Authority (Fast-Track Authority for Trade Agreements): Background and Developments in the 107th Congress (open access)

Trade Promotion Authority (Fast-Track Authority for Trade Agreements): Background and Developments in the 107th Congress

None
Date: July 26, 2002
Creator: Sek, Lenore
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
State and Local Preparedness for Terrorism: Policy Issues and Options (open access)

State and Local Preparedness for Terrorism: Policy Issues and Options

None
Date: July 26, 2002
Creator: Canada, Ben
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Renewable Energy: Tax Credit, Budget, and Electricity Production Issues (open access)

Renewable Energy: Tax Credit, Budget, and Electricity Production Issues

Renewable energy is derived from resources that are generally not depleted by human use, such as the sun, wind, and water movement. This report discusses various aspects of policy regarding renewable energy including tax credits and budget legislation.
Date: July 26, 2002
Creator: Sissine, Fred
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear Energy Policy (open access)

Nuclear Energy Policy

None
Date: July 26, 2002
Creator: Holt, Mark & Behrens, Carl E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Automobile and Light Truck Fuel Economy: Is CAFE Up to Standards? (open access)

Automobile and Light Truck Fuel Economy: Is CAFE Up to Standards?

One of the least controversial provisions of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (P.L. 94-163) established corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards for new passenger cars. This report presents a brief background and analysis regarding the price of crude oil that brought into sharp focus the fuel inefficiency of U.S. automobiles. The report also discusses the previous issues and the most recent developments regarding CAFE.
Date: July 26, 2002
Creator: Bamberger, Robert L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002: A Side-by-Side Comparison of House, Senate, and Conference Versions (open access)

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002: A Side-by-Side Comparison of House, Senate, and Conference Versions

None
Date: July 26, 2002
Creator: Jickling, Mark
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Flexible Spending Accounts and Medical Savings Accounts: A Comparison (open access)

Flexible Spending Accounts and Medical Savings Accounts: A Comparison

Flexible spending accounts are employer-established benefit plans that reimburse employees for specified expenses; they first began in the 1970s. Medical savings accounts are tax-advantaged individual savings accounts that can also be used for unreimbursed expenses; they became available under a demonstration that began in 1997. This report contains information regarding flexible spending accounts, medical savings accounts, and comparing the two.
Date: July 26, 2002
Creator: Lyke, Bob & Peterson, Chris L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Exempting Food and Agriculture Products from U.S. Economic Sanctions: Status and Implementation (open access)

Exempting Food and Agriculture Products from U.S. Economic Sanctions: Status and Implementation

Falling agricultural exports and declining commodity prices led farm groups and agribusiness firms to urge the 106th Congress to pass legislation exempting foods and agricultural commodities from U.S. economic sanctions against certain countries. In completing action on the FY2001 agriculture appropriations bill, Congress codified the lifting of unilateral sanctions on commercial sales of food, agricultural commodities, medicine, and medical products to Iran, Libya, North Korea, and Sudan, and extended this policy to apply to Cuba (Title IX of H.R. 5426, as enacted by P.L. 106-387; Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000). Related provisions place financing and licensing conditions on sales to these countries. Those that apply to Cuba, though, are permanent and more restrictive than for the other countries. Other provisions give Congress the authority in the future to veto a President's proposal to impose a sanction on the sale of agricultural or medical products.
Date: July 26, 2002
Creator: Jurenas, Remy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Stem Cell Research (open access)

Stem Cell Research

None
Date: July 26, 2002
Creator: Johnson, Judith A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Human Cloning (open access)

Human Cloning

This report provides information about the Human Cloning where a human embryo produced via cloning involves the process called somatic cell nuclear transfer. The nuclear of the egg is removed and replaced with a mature body cell.
Date: July 26, 2002
Creator: Johnson, Judith A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Terrorism and National Security: Issues and Trends (open access)

Terrorism and National Security: Issues and Trends

None
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Perl, Raphael F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Pakistan-U.S. Relations (open access)

Pakistan-U.S. Relations

None
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Kronstadt, K. Alan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues (open access)

Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues

This report discusses the issue of U.S. economic assistance to sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting the importance of continued assistance in light of U.S. national security and also various U.S.-led efforts to promote reform amongst African citizens themselves. U.S. assistance finds its way to Africa through a variety of channels, including the USAID-administered DA program, food aid programs, and indirect aid provided through international financial institutions and the United Nations.
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Copson, Raymond W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Afghanistan: Post-War Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy (open access)

Afghanistan: Post-War Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy

The United States and its allies are helping Afghanistan emerging from more than 22 years of warfare, although substantial risk to Afghan stability remains. Before the U.S. military campaign against the orthodox Islamist Taliban movement began on October 7, 2001, Afghanistan had been mired in conflict since the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. The defeat of the Taliban has enabled the United States and its coalition partners to send forces throughout Afghanistan to search for Taliban and Al Qaeda fighters and leaders that remain at large, including Osama bin Laden. As the war against remaining Al Qaeda and Taliban elements winds down, the United States is shifting its military focus toward stabilizing the interim government, including training a new Afghan national army, and supporting the international security force (ISAF) that is helping the new government provide security.
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
State Department and Related Agencies:  FY2005 Appropriations and FY2006 Request (open access)

State Department and Related Agencies: FY2005 Appropriations and FY2006 Request

None
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Epstein, Susan B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Islamic Terrorism and the Balkans (open access)

Islamic Terrorism and the Balkans

Report discussing the potential for terrorists to develop within the Balkans region of Europe. According to the introduction, "This report will focus on two countries and a province with majority or near-majority Muslim populations: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, and Kosovo. It will deal with the role of international Islamic terrorist groups such as Al Qaeda rather than indigenous nationalist groups pursuing local or regional objectives" (p. 2).
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Woehrel, Steven
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Missile Survey: Ballistic and Cruise Missiles of Selected Foreign Countries (open access)

Missile Survey: Ballistic and Cruise Missiles of Selected Foreign Countries

This report provides a current summary of ballistic and cruise missile activity in selected countries and discusses implications for U.S. national security policy. The Defense Threat Reduction Agency’s Weapons of Mass Destruction Terms of Reference Handbook defines a ballistic missile as “a missile that is guided during powered flight and unguided during the free flight when the trajectory that it follows is subject only to the external influences of gravity and atmospheric drag” and a cruise a missile as “a long-range, low-flying guided missile that can be launched from air, sea, and land.” Ballistic and cruise missile development and proliferation continue to pose a threat to the U.S.
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Feickert, Andrew
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Afghanistan: Post-War Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy (open access)

Afghanistan: Post-War Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy

The United States and its allies are helping Afghanistan emerging from more than 22 years of warfare, although substantial risk to Afghan stability remains. Before the U.S. military campaign against the orthodox Islamist Taliban movement began on October 7, 2001, Afghanistan had been mired in conflict since the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. The defeat of the Taliban has enabled the United States and its coalition partners to send forces throughout Afghanistan to search for Taliban and Al Qaeda fighters and leaders that remain at large, including Osama bin Laden. As the war against remaining Al Qaeda and Taliban elements winds down, the United States is shifting its military focus toward stabilizing the interim government, including training a new Afghan national army, and supporting the international security force (ISAF) that is helping the new government provide security.
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Recess Appointments: A Legal Overview (open access)

Recess Appointments: A Legal Overview

Article II of the Constitution provides that the President “shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and counsels, judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States, whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for and which shall be established by law.” As a supplement to this authority, the The constitution further provides that “[t]he President shall have the Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session.” The Recess Appointments Clause was designed to enable the President to ensure the unfettered operation of the government during periods when the Senate was not in session and therefore unable to perform its advice and consent function.
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Halstead, T. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Overview, FY2006 Budget in Brief, and Key Issues for Congress (open access)

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Overview, FY2006 Budget in Brief, and Key Issues for Congress

None
Date: July 26, 2005
Creator: Smith, Marcia S. & Morgan, Daniel
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections (open access)

Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections

This fact sheet tracks the current heads of government in Central and South America, Mexico, and the Caribbean, and provides the dates of the last and next election for head of government.
Date: July 26, 2006
Creator: Sullivan, Mark P. & Gomez-Granger, Julissa
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Defense Procurement: Full Funding Policy - Background, Issues, and Options for Congress (open access)

Defense Procurement: Full Funding Policy - Background, Issues, and Options for Congress

The full funding policy is a federal budgeting rule imposed on DOD by Congress in the 1950s that requires the entire procurement cost of a weapon or piece of military equipment to be funded in the year in which the item is procured. Although technical in nature, the policy relates to Congress’ power of the purse and its responsibility for conducting oversight of Department of Defense (DOD) programs. Support for the policy has been periodically reaffirmed over the years by Congress, the Government Accountability Office, and DOD.
Date: July 26, 2006
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald & Daggett, Stephen
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Trade Conflict and the U.S.-European Union Economic Relationship (open access)

Trade Conflict and the U.S.-European Union Economic Relationship

The United States and the European Union (EU) share a huge, dynamic, and mutually beneficial economic partnership. Not only is the U.S.-EU trade and investment relationship the largest in the world, but it is also arguably the most important. Agreement between the two partners in the past has been critical to making the world trading system more open and efficient.
Date: July 26, 2006
Creator: Ahearn, Raymond J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Navy DDG-1000 (DD(X)), CG(X), and LCS Ship Acquisition Programs: Oversight Issues and Options for Congress (open access)

Navy DDG-1000 (DD(X)), CG(X), and LCS Ship Acquisition Programs: Oversight Issues and Options for Congress

The Navy wants to procure three new classes of surface combatants — the DDG-1000 (formerly DD(X)) destroyer, the CG(X) cruiser, and a smaller surface combatant called the Littoral Combat Ship (LCS). The Navy wants to procure 7 DDG-1000s, 19 CG(X)s, and 55 LCSs.
Date: July 26, 2006
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library