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Structural Studies of Potential 1 eV Solar Cell Materials
Structural studies using transmission electron microscopy have been made on 1-eV band-gap materials, lattice-matched to GaAs and Ge substrates, grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy for use in multijunction, high-efficiency solar cells.
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Norman, A.; Al-Jassim, M.; Friedman, D.; Geisz, J.; Olson, J. & Kurtz, S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Structure and Effects of Extended Defects in Polycrystalline Si Thin Films
The structure and effects of extended defects in rapid deposited polycrystalline Si thin films were studied using a combination of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and first-principles total energy calculations.
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Yan, Y.; Al-Jassim, M. M.; Wang, T. H. & Ciszek, T. F.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Study of soluble scale fouling control in high solids black liquor concentrators. Progress report, quarter 5 (October 1, 1999 - December 31, 1999)
During this quarter, work has finally resumed on the black liquor solubility experiments, but no new data have been generated. The crystallization experiments with inorganic model solutions have been completed, and crystallization experiments with kraft black liquor have been started. The Annular Test Cell apparatus is now fully operational, while construction of the falling film evaporator pilot plant is nearly complete. Startup of this unit is planned for late in Quarter 6. In the CFD model development work, the relaxation of simplifying assumptions in the falling film model have been completed, and expressions were developed to estimate film velocity/film Reynolds number relations. Also, thin film data taken for a range of conventional fluids were compared to predictions using selected methods, and attempts were initiated to extrapolate to approximate black liquor evaporator conditions.
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Frederick, W. J.; Chen, F.; Hsieh, G.; Lien, S.; Murphy, R. W.; Rousseau, R. W. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
STUDY OF SOLVENT AND CATALYST INTERACTIONS IN DIRECT COAL LIQUEFACTION
Using a reactor in which the coal is physically separated from the solid catalyst by a porous wall permeable to the hydrogen donor solvent, it was shown that direct contact between the catalyst and the coal is not required for catalyzed coal liquefaction. This occurs however only when there is a hydrogen atmosphere, as liquefaction with catalyst participation does not occur in a nitrogen atmosphere. Liquefaction by hydrogen transfer from the donor solvent itself does occur. This suggests that there is transfer of hydrogen from the catalyst to the coal via the solvent. The character of the solvent makes a significant difference, the better solvents being good hydrogen donors. These results indicate that the role of the catalyst may be to regenerate the spent hydrogen donor solvent during the liquefaction process. The peak temperature for volatiles evolution has been shown to be a reproducible measure of the coal rank. This was shown by an excellent correlation (R2 = 0.998) between peak volatiles temperatures (by TGA) and vitrinite reflectance. Using TG/MS, the volatiles contents of coals of a wide range of ranks was determined. The low rank coals emit largely phenols and some other oxygen compounds and olefins. The higher rank …
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Klein, Michael T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
STUDY OF SOLVENT AND CATALYST INTERACTIONS IN DIRECT COAL LIQUEFACTION
There are several aspects of the Direct Coal Liquefaction process which are not fully understood and which if better understood might lead to improved yields and conversions. Among these questions are the roles of the catalyst and the solvent. While the solvent is known to act by transfer of hydrogen atoms to the free radicals formed by thermal breakdown of the coal in an uncatalyzed system, in the presence of a solid catalyst as is now currently practiced, the yields and conversions are higher than in an uncatalyzed system. The role of the catalyst in this case is not completely understood. DOE has funded many projects to produce ultrafine and more active catalysts in the expectation that better contact between catalyst and coal might result. This approach has met with limited success probably because mass transfer between two solids in a fluid medium i.e. the catalyst and the coal, is very poor. It is to develop an understanding of the role of the catalyst and solvent in Direct Liquefaction that this project was initiated. Specifically it was of interest to know whether direct contact between the coal and the catalyst was important. By separating the solid catalyst in a stainless …
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Klein, Michael T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Summer Roost Tree Selection by Eastern Red, Seminole, and Evening Bats in the Upper Coastal Plain of South Carolina
Radiotraction of six eastern red bats, six seminole bats and twenty-four evening bats to 55, 61, and 65 day roosts during 1996 to 1997 in the Upper Coastal Plain of South Carolina. For each species, testing was done for differences between used roost trees and randomly located trees. Also tested for differences between habitat characteristics surrounding roost trees and randomly located trees. Eastern Red and Seminole bats generally roosted in canopies of hardwood and pine while clinging to foilage and small branches. Evening bats roosted in cavities or under exfoliating bark in pines and dead snags. Forest management strategies named within the study should be beneficial for providing roosts in the Upper Coastal Plain of South Carolina.
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Menzel, M.A.; Carter, T.C.; Ford, W.M.; Chapman, B.R. & Ozier, J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
SUPPORTED LIQUID CATALYSTS FOR REMOVAL OF HIGH TEMPERATURE FUEL CELL CONTAMINANTS
A novel catalytic synthesis gas oxidation process using molten carbonate salts supported on compatible fluidized iron oxide particles (supported-liquid-phase-catalyst (SLPC) fluidized bed process) was investigated. This process combines the advantages of large scale fluidized bed processing with molten salt bath oxidation. Molten salt catalysts can be supported within porous fluidized particles in order to improve mass transfer rates between the liquid catalysts and the reactant gases. Synthesis gas can be oxidized at reduced temperatures resulting in low NO{sub x} formation while trace sulfides and halides are captured in-situ. Hence, catalytic oxidation of synthesis gas can be carried out simultaneously with hot gas cleanup. Such SLPC fluidized bed processes are affected by inter-particle liquid capillary forces that may lead to agglomeration and de-fluidization of the bed. An understanding of the origin and strength of these forces is needed so that they can be overcome in practice. Process design is based on thermodynamic free energy minimization calculations that indicate the suitability of eutectic Na{sub 2}CO{sub 3}/K{sub 2}CO{sub 3} mixtures for capturing trace impurities in-situ (< 1 ppm SO{sub x} released) while minimizing the formation of NO{sub x}(< 10 ppm). Iron oxide has been identified as a preferred support material since it is …
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Weimer, Alan W.; Czerpak, Peter & Hilbert, Patrick
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Synthesis of Band Filters and Equalizers Using Microwav FIR Techniques
It is desired to design a passive bandpass filter with both a linear phase and flat magnitude response within the band and also has steep skirts. Using the properties of both coupled lines and elementary FIR (Finite Impulse Response) signal processing techniques can produce a filter of adequate phase response and magnitude control. The design procedure will first be described and then a sample filter will then be synthesized and results shown.
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Deibele, C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Technical progress report: Peripheral mower blade. Sixth quarter report ending 12/31/99
Machine Tech Inc. has been assisting the author with the development of the peripheral mower blade decks. Machine Tech Inc. is still developing the batwing mower deck, which was started last fall after the completion of the mounted deck. The completion date of this program is slated for February. The wing covers and the center section of the batwing have been completed, the frame and drive-lines are now under development. Information from the nineteen-foot bat-wing deck prototype that they have been testing is now being used in the development of a more acceptable bat-wing mower. This unit will be able to maintain the same peripheral mower benefits, but will be much lighter and easier to pull requiring less fuel and damage to highway right of ways in soft areas. The mounted deck has been completed and is in the pilot stage with reports yet to be compiled. Machine Tech Inc. has also worked in an agricultural deck which is closely related to the mounted peripheral mower deck developed for the highway right of way. This will be one more outlet for the peripheral mower machines into the hands of the public.
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Darden, John A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Technology and Risk Sciences Program. FY99 Annual Report
In making the transition from weapons production to environmental restoration, DOE has found that it needs to develop reliable means of defining and understanding health and environmental risks and of selecting cost-efficient environmental management technologies so that cleanup activities can be appropriately directed. Through the Technology and Risk Sciences Project, the Entergy Spatial Analysis Research Laboratory attempts to provide DOE with products that incorporate spatial analysis techniques in the risk assessment, communication, and management processes; design and evaluate methods for evaluating innovative environmental technologies; and collaborate and access technical information on risk assessment methodologies, including multimedia modeling and environmental technologies in Russia and the Ukraine, while in addition training and developing the skills of the next generation of scientists and environmental professionals.
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Regens, James L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Texas Construction and Maintenance Report: January 2000
Monthly report documenting contracts for road construction and maintentance in Texas, organized by county and district. It includes information about each project including contractor, dates, costs, and other relevant data.
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Texas. Department of Transportation. Construction Division.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Theory manual for FAROW version 1.1: A numerical analysis of the Fatigue And Reliability Of Wind turbine components
Because the fatigue lifetime of wind turbine components depends on several factors that are highly variable, a numerical analysis tool called FAROW has been created to cast the problem of component fatigue life in a probabilistic framework. The probabilistic analysis is accomplished using methods of structural reliability (FORM/SORM). While the workings of the FAROW software package are defined in the user's manual, this theory manual outlines the mathematical basis. A deterministic solution for the time to failure is made possible by assuming analytical forms for the basic inputs of wind speed, stress response, and material resistance. Each parameter of the assumed forms for the inputs can be defined to be a random variable. The analytical framework is described and the solution for time to failure is derived.
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
R., WUBTERSTEUBMSTEVEB & VEERS,PAUL S.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Thermal Characteristics of Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Modules Deployed at Fixed Tilt
The thermal characteristics of flat-plate photovoltaic modules, deployed at fixed tilt, are investigated in order to characterize their behavior against meteorological elements.
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
del Cueto, J. A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Thermal Conversion of Methane to Acetylene
This report describes the experimental demonstration of a process for the direct thermal conversion of methane to acetylene. The process utilizes a thermal plasma heat source to dissociation products react to form a mixture of acetylene and hydrogen. The use of a supersonic expansion of the hot gas is investigated as a method of rapidly cooling (quenching) the product stream to prevent further reaction or thermal decomposition of the acetylene which can lower the overall efficiency of the process.
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Fincke, James Russell; Anderson, Raymond Paul; Hyde, Timothy Allen; Wright, Randy Ben; Bewley, Randy Lee; Haggard, Delon C et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
THERMAL HYDRAULIC ANALYSIS OF LANL/IPPE/EDO-GP IMW LBE TARGET
None
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
He, X. & Ammerman, C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Institutional Plan FY2000 - FY2004
Jefferson Lab contributes to the Department of Energy mission to develop and operate major cutting-edge scientific user facilities. Jefferson Lab's CEBAF (Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility) is a unique tool for exploring the transition between the regime where strongly interacting (nuclear) matter can be understood as bound states of protons and neutrons, and the regime where the underlying fundamental quark-and-gluon structure of matter is evident. The nature of this transition is at the frontier of the authors understanding of matter. Experiments proposed by 834 scientists from 146 institutions in 21 countries await beam time in the three halls. The authors user-customers have been delighted with the quality of the data they are obtaining. Driven by their expressed need for energies higher than the 4 GeV design energy and on the outstanding performance of their novel superconducting accelerator, the laboratory currently delivers beams at 5.5 GeV and expects to deliver energies approaching 6 GeV for experiments in the near future. Building on the success of Jefferson Lab and continuing to deliver value for the nation's investment is the focus of Jefferson Lab's near-term plans. The highest priority for the facility is to execute its approved experimental program to elucidate the quark …
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Lab, Jefferson
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
TOWARDS EFFICIENT DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF SINGLE BIOMOLECULES BY SURFACE-ENHANCED RAMAN SCATTERING
None
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
EMORY, S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Town Tattler (Electra, Tex.), Ed. 1 Saturday, January 1, 2000
Monthly newspaper from Electra, Texas that includes local and regional news along with advertising.
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Transportation Baseline Schedule
The “1999 National Transportation Program - Transportation Baseline Report” presents data that form a baseline to enable analysis and planning for future Department of Energy (DOE) Environmental Management (EM) waste/material transportation. The companion “1999 Transportation ‘Barriers’ Analysis” analyzes the data and identifies existing and potential problems that may prevent or delay transportation activities based on the data presented. The “1999 Transportation Baseline Schedule” (this report) uses the same data to provide an overview of the transportation activities of DOE EM waste/materials. This report can be used to identify areas where stakeholder interface is needed, and to communicate to stakeholders the quantity/schedule of shipments going through their area. Potential bottlenecks in the transportation system can be identified; the number of packages needed, and the capacity needed at receiving facilities can be planned. This report offers a visualization of baseline DOE EM transportation activities for the 11 major sites and the “Geologic Repository Disposal” site (GRD).
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Fawcett, Ricky Lee & John, Mark Earl
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
TRAPPING RADIOACTIVE ATOMS FOR BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH
None
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
VIEIRA, D.; CRANE, S. & AL., ET.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ultrafast Dynamics of Photoexcited Carriers in HWCVD a-Si:H and a-SiGe:H
We present femtosecond studies of photoexcited carrier dynamics in hydrogenated amorphous silicon and silicon-germanium alloys grown by the hot-wire assisted chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) technique, which is promising for producing high-quality device-grade materials.
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Dexheimer, S. L.; Young, J. E. & Nelson, B. P.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Update of Research Activities Related to the Pen Branch Restoration Effort on the Savannah River Site
Comprehensive description of Pen Branch restoration plans and related research projects documented in the 1996 annual report. The purpose of the annual report is to update progress over the past year and to project 1998 research expectations for studies included in the Pen Branch Restoration Project. A full updated reference list is provided at the end of the report.
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Kolka, R. K.; Trettin, C. C. & Nelson, E. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
UPDATE ON THE COMMISSIONING OF THE LEDA LOW-ENERGY DEMONSTRATION ACCELERATOR (LEDA) RADIO-FREQUENCY QUADRUPOLE (RFQ)
None
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
SMITH, H. V.; GILPATRICK, J. D. & AL, ET
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The use of active learning strategies in the instruction of Reactor Physics concepts
Each of the Active Learning strategies employed to teach Reactor Physics material has been or promises to be instructionally successful. The Cooperative Group strategy has demonstrated a statistically significant increase in student performance on the unit exam in teaching conceptually difficult, transport and diffusion theory material. However, this result was achieved at the expense of a modest increase in class time. The Tutorial CBI programs have enabled learning equally as well as classroom lectures without the direct intervention of an instructor. Thus, the Tutorials have been successful as homework assignments, releasing classroom time for other instruction. However, the time required for development of these tools was large, on the order of two hundred hours per hour of instruction. The initial introduction of the Case-Based strategy was roughly as effective as the traditional classroom instruction. Case-Based learning could well, after important modifications, perform better than traditional instruction. A larger percentage of the students prefer active learning strategies than prefer traditional lecture presentations. Student preferences for the active strategies were particularly strong when they believed that the strategies helped them learn the material better than they would have by using a lecture format. In some cases, students also preferred the active strategies …
Date:
January 1, 2000
Creator:
Robinson, Michael A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library