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The Double Oak Gazette (Double Oak, Tex.), Vol. 25, No. 1, Ed. 1 Saturday, January 1, 2000 (open access)

The Double Oak Gazette (Double Oak, Tex.), Vol. 25, No. 1, Ed. 1 Saturday, January 1, 2000

Monthly newspaper from Double Oak, Texas that includes news, information, and entertainment for residents of the Double Oak community along with advertising.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Johnson, LaRue
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
EFFECT OF HEATING RATE ON THE THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF PULVERIZED COAL (open access)

EFFECT OF HEATING RATE ON THE THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF PULVERIZED COAL

This final technical report describes work performed under DOE Grant No. DE-FG22-96PC96224 during the period September 24, 1996 to September 23, 1999 which covers the entire performance period of the project. During this period, modification, alignment, and calibration of the measurement system, measurement of devolatilization time-scales for single coal particles subjected to a range of heating rates and temperature data at these time-scales, and analysis of the temperature data to understand the effect of heating rates on coal thermal properties were carried out. A new thermodynamic model was developed to predict the heat transfer behavior for single coal particles using one approach based on the analogy for thermal property of polymers. Results of this model suggest that bituminous coal particles behave like polymers during rapid heating on the order of 10{sup 4}-10{sup 5} K/s. At these heating rates during the early stages of heating, the vibrational part of the heat capacity of the coal molecules appears to be still frozen but during the transition from heat-up to devolatilization, the heat capacity appears to attain a sudden jump in its value as in the case of polymers. There are a few data available in the coal literature for low heating rate …
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Sampath, Ramanathan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The effect of pressure, isotopic (H/D) substitution, and other variables on miscibility in polymer-solvent systems. The nature of the demixing process; dynamic light scattering and small angle neutron scattering studies. Final report (open access)

The effect of pressure, isotopic (H/D) substitution, and other variables on miscibility in polymer-solvent systems. The nature of the demixing process; dynamic light scattering and small angle neutron scattering studies. Final report

A research program examining the effects of pressure, isotope substitution and other variables on miscibility in polymer solvent systems is described. The techniques employed included phase equilibrium measurements and dynamic light scattering and small angle neutron scattering.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Van Hook, W.A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Effects of Accelerated Exposure Testing (AET) Conditions on Performance Degradation of Solar Cells and Encapsulants (open access)

Effects of Accelerated Exposure Testing (AET) Conditions on Performance Degradation of Solar Cells and Encapsulants

The paper briefly summarizes the results from several accelerated exposure tests (AET) studies. Causes responsible for the photothermal instability of the encapsulated Si solar cells appear to be multiple and complex.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Glick, S. H. & Pern, F. J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Effects of Surface Composition on CdTe/CdS Device Performance (open access)

Effects of Surface Composition on CdTe/CdS Device Performance

The atomic composition of the back surface of the CdTe layer in a CdTe/CdS photovoltiac (PV) device has a significant influence on the quality of the electrical contact to this layer. This paper reports the results of a systematic study that correlates the composition of the back surface with pre-contact processing and device performance.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Levi, D.; Albin, D. & King, D.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Eliminate Voltage Unbalance (open access)

Eliminate Voltage Unbalance

This two-page abstract provides tips for plant managers on checking and monitoring motor voltage unbalance to improve performance and life-span of industrial motors.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
THE ENERGY DISTRIBUTION OF GRBs (open access)

THE ENERGY DISTRIBUTION OF GRBs

None
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Piran, T.; Jimenez, R. & Band, D.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Energy Efficient Irrigation (open access)

Energy Efficient Irrigation

None
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Chiappini, Roy N.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT OF CERAMIC MEMBRANE REACTOR SYSTEM FOR CONVERTING NATURAL GAS TO HYDROGEN AND SYNTHESIS GAS FOR LIQUID TRANSPORTATION FUELS (open access)

ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT OF CERAMIC MEMBRANE REACTOR SYSTEM FOR CONVERTING NATURAL GAS TO HYDROGEN AND SYNTHESIS GAS FOR LIQUID TRANSPORTATION FUELS

The objective of this contract is to research, develop and demonstrate a novel ceramic membrane reactor system for the low-cost conversion of natural gas to synthesis gas and hydrogen for liquid transportation fuels: the ITM Syngas process. Through an eight-year, three-phase program, the technology will be developed and scaled up to obtain the technical, engineering, operating and economic data necessary for the final step to full commercialization of the Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) conversion technology. This report is a summary of activities through December 1999.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT OF SLURRY BUBBLE COLUMN REACTOR (SBCR) TECHNOLOGY (open access)

ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT OF SLURRY BUBBLE COLUMN REACTOR (SBCR) TECHNOLOGY

The major technical objectives of this program are threefold: (1) to develop the design tools and a fundamental understanding of the fluid dynamics of a slurry bubble column reactor to maximize reactor productivity, (2) to develop the mathematical reactor design models and gain an understanding of the hydrodynamic fundamentals under industrially relevant process conditions, and (3) to develop an understanding of the hydrodynamics and their interaction with the chemistries occurring in the bubble column reactor. Successful completion of these objectives will permit more efficient usage of the reactor column and tighter design criteria, increase overall reactor efficiency, and ensure a design that leads to stable reactor behavior when scaling up to large diameter reactors.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Toseland, Bernard A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Systems Research, FY-99 Annual Report (open access)

Environmental Systems Research, FY-99 Annual Report

The Environmental Systems Research (ESR) Program, a part of the Environmental Systems Research and Analysis (ESRA) Program, was implemented to enhance and augment the technical capabilities of the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). The purpose for strengthening technical capabilities of the INEEL is to provide the technical base to serve effectively as the Environmental Management Laboratory for the Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management (EM). The original portfolio of research activities was assembled after an analysis of the EM technology development and science needs as gathered by the Site Technology Coordination Groups (STCGs) complex-wide. Current EM investments in science and technology throughout the research community were also included in this analysis to avoid duplication of efforts. This is a progress report for the second year of the ESR Program (Fiscal Year 99). A report of activities is presented for the five ESR research investment areas: (a) Transport Aspects of Selective Mass Transport Agents, (b) Chemistry of Environmental Surfaces, (c) Materials Dynamics, (d) Characterization Science, and (e) Computational Simulation of Mechanical and Chemical Systems. In addition to the five technical areas, activities in the Science and Technology Foundations element of the program, e.g., interfaces between ESR and the …
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Miller, David Lynn
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Systems Research FY-99 Annual Report (open access)

Environmental Systems Research FY-99 Annual Report

The Environmental Systems Research (ESR) Program, a part of the Environmental Systems Research and Analysis (ESRA) Program, was implemented to enhance and augment the technical capabilities of the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). The purpose for strengthening technical capabilities of the INEEL is to provide the technical base to serve effectively as the Environmental Management Laboratory for the Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management (EM). The original portfolio of research activities was assembled after an analysis of the EM technology development and science needs as gathered by the Site Technology Coordination Groups (STCGs) complex-wide. Current EM investments in science and technology throughout the research community were also included in this analysis to avoid duplication of efforts. This is a progress report for the second year of the ESR Program (Fiscal Year 99). A report of activities is presented for the five ESR research investment areas: (a) Transport Aspects of Selective Mass Transport Agents, (b) Chemistry of Environmental Surfaces, (c) Materials Dynamics, (d) Characterization Science, and (e) Computational Simulation of Mechanical and Chemical Systems. In addition to the five technical areas, activities in the Science and Technology Foundations element of the program, e.g., interfaces between ESR and the …
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Miller, D. L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
EOS of a material mixture in pressure equilibrium (open access)

EOS of a material mixture in pressure equilibrium

A procedure is presented for calculating the equation of state (EOS) of a material mixture whose constituents are in pressure equilibrium but not necessarily in temperature equilibrium. A Newton-Raphson iteration is performed to determine the constituent partial volumes and energies that give equal partial pressures subject to the constraints that the total volume and energy of the mixture are specified. During each iteration, the changes in EOS quantities are chosen to be fixed (but arbitrary) linear combinations of their temperature-equilibrium and isentropic values, so those two extremes can be reproduced as special cases. The changes in the constituent partial volumes and energies are limited to prevent the Newton-Raphson iteration from diverging.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Cranfill, Charles W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
EULER-POINCARE DYNAMICS OF IDEAL MICROPOLAR COMPLEX FLUIDS (open access)

EULER-POINCARE DYNAMICS OF IDEAL MICROPOLAR COMPLEX FLUIDS

None
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Holm, D.D.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evaluate Status of Pacific Lamprey in the Clearwater River Drainage, Idaho : Annual Report 2000. (open access)

Evaluate Status of Pacific Lamprey in the Clearwater River Drainage, Idaho : Annual Report 2000.

Recent decline of Pacific lamprey Lampetra tridentata adult migrants to the Snake River drainage has focused attention on the species. Adult returns in 1995-1999 were more than ten magnitudes less than returns in the early 1960's. Human activities in the Snake River and Clearwater River drainages have altered ecosystem habitat in the last 100 years and likely the productive potential of Pacific lamprey habitat. Logging, stream impoundment, road construction, grazing, mining, and community development have dominated habitat alteration in the Clearwater River system and Snake River corridor. Hydroelectric projects in the Snake River corridor impact juvenile Pacific lamprey outmigrants and returning adults. Juvenile lamprey outmigrants potentially pass through turbines, turbine bypass and collection systems, and spillway structures at lower Snake River hydroelectric dams. Clearwater River drainage hydroelectric facilities including the Pacific Power and Light Dam on the Clearwater River in Lewiston, Idaho, impacted Pacific lamprey populations, however, the degree of impact is unknown (1920's-early 1970's). Hydroelectric dam construction (Harpster Dam) on the South Fork of the Clearwater River resulted in obstructed salmonid passage in the mid-1900's. Habitat alterations in the Snake River basin and Clearwater River drainage have had numerous negative effects on salmon Oncorhynchus spp. and steelhead trout O. …
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Cochnauer, Tim & Claire, Christopher
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of a permeable reactive barrier technology for use at Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site (RFETS) (open access)

Evaluation of a permeable reactive barrier technology for use at Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site (RFETS)

Three reactive materials were evaluated at laboratory scale to identify the optimum treatment reagent for use in a Permeable Reactive Barrier Treatment System at Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site (RFETS). The contaminants of concern (COCS) are uranium, TCE, PCE, carbon tetrachloride, americium, and vinyl chloride. The three reactive media evaluated included high carbon steel iron filings, an iron-silica alloy in the form of a foam aggregate, and a peculiar humic acid based sorbent (Humasorb from Arctech) mixed with sand. Each material was tested in the laboratory at column scale using simulated site water. All three materials showed promise for the 903 Mound Site however, the iron filings were determined to be the least expensive media. In order to validate the laboratory results, the iron filings were further tested at a pilot scale (field columns) using actual site water. Pilot test results were similar to laboratory results; consequently, the iron filings were chosen for the fill-scale demonstration of the reactive barrier technology. Additional design parameters including saturated hydraulic conductivity, treatment residence time, and head loss across the media were also determined and provided to the design team in support of the final design. The final design was completed by the Corps …
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: DWYER,BRIAN P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of mixed MOX-LEU loading patterns for LWRs originating from inability to deliver MOX assemblies: GE BWR/6 reload core study (open access)

Evaluation of mixed MOX-LEU loading patterns for LWRs originating from inability to deliver MOX assemblies: GE BWR/6 reload core study

None
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Ariani, I. & Turinsky, P. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Express-Star (Chickasha, Okla.), Ed. 1 Saturday, January 1, 2000 (open access)

The Express-Star (Chickasha, Okla.), Ed. 1 Saturday, January 1, 2000

Daily newspaper from Chickasha, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Bush, Kent
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Federal Facility Agreement Annual Progress Report for Fiscal Year 1999 Oak Ridge, Tennessee (open access)

Federal Facility Agreement Annual Progress Report for Fiscal Year 1999 Oak Ridge, Tennessee

The U.S. Department of Energy-Oak Ridge Operations (DOE-ORO) EM Program adopted a watershed approach for performing Remedial Investigations (RIs) and characterizations for ORR because it is an effective system for determining the best methods for protecting and restoring aquatic ecosystems and protecting human health. The basic concept is that water quality and ecosystem problems are best solved at the watershed level rather than at the individual water-body or discharger level. The watershed approach requires consideration of all environmental concerns, including needs to protect public health, critical habitats such as wetlands, biological integrity, and surface and ground waters. The watershed approach provides an improved basis for management decisions concerning contaminant sources and containment. It allows more direct focus by stakeholders on achieving ecological goals and water quality standards rather than a measurement of program activities based on numbers of permits or samples. The watershed approach allows better management strategies for investigations, therefore maximizing the utilization of scarce resources. Feasibility studies (FSs) evaluate various alternatives in terms of environmental standards, the protection of human health and the environment, and the costs of implementation to find the optimum solution among them. Society has to decide how much it is willing to spend to …
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: LLC, Bechtel Jacobs Company
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Field verification program for small wind turbines, Block Island, Rhode Island. Quarterly report for the period October to December 1999 (open access)

Field verification program for small wind turbines, Block Island, Rhode Island. Quarterly report for the period October to December 1999

The proposal is to install and monitor five 10-kW residential wind turbines on 25-meter towers on Block Island, which has excellent wind resources and high electricity costs. The harsh environment will provide an opportunity for accelerated reliability testing of an enhanced wind turbine and other equipment.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: duPont, Henry G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Final report: High current capacity high temperature superconducting film based tape for high field magnets (open access)

Final report: High current capacity high temperature superconducting film based tape for high field magnets

The primary goal of the program was to establish the process parameters for the continuous deposition of high quality, superconducting YBCO films on one meter lengths of buffered RABiTS tape using MOCVD and to characterize the potential utility of the resulting tapes in high field magnet applications.
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Xin, Dr. Ying
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Final report on LDRD project: A phenomenological model for multicomponent transport with simultaneous electrochemical reactions in concentrated solutions (open access)

Final report on LDRD project: A phenomenological model for multicomponent transport with simultaneous electrochemical reactions in concentrated solutions

A phenomenological model was developed for multicomponent transport of charged species with simultaneous electrochemical reactions in concentrated solutions, and was applied to model processes in a thermal battery cell. A new general framework was formulated and implemented in GOMA (a multidimensional, multiphysics, finite-element computer code developed and being enhanced at Sandia) for modeling multidimensional, multicomponent transport of neutral and charged species in concentrated solutions. The new framework utilizes the Stefan-Maxwell equations that describe multicomponent diffusion of interacting species using composition-insensitive binary diffusion coefficients. The new GOMA capability for modeling multicomponent transport of neutral species was verified and validated using the model problem of ternary gaseous diffusion in a Stefan tube. The new GOMA-based thermal battery computer model was verified using an idealized battery cell in which concentration gradients are absent; the full model was verified by comparing with that of Bernardi and Newman (1987) and validated using limited thermal battery discharge-performance data from the open literature (Dunning 1981) and from Sandia (Guidotti 1996). Moreover, a new Liquid Chemkin Software Package was developed, which allows the user to handle manly aspects of liquid-phase kinetics, thermodynamics, and transport (particularly in terms of computing properties). Lastly, a Lattice-Boltzmann-based capability was developed for modeling …
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: Chen, Ken S.; Evans, Gregory H.; Larson, Richard S.; Noble, David R. & Houf, William G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
FIRST CRITICAL FOR ZEUS, AN INTERMEDIATE NEUTRON ENERGY SPECTRUM EXPERIMENT (open access)

FIRST CRITICAL FOR ZEUS, AN INTERMEDIATE NEUTRON ENERGY SPECTRUM EXPERIMENT

None
Date: January 1, 2000
Creator: JAEGERS, P. & SANCHEZ, R.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library