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Abortion: Legislative Response
The primary focus of this issue brief is legislative action in the 108th Congress with respect to abortion. However, discussion of those legislative proposals necessarily involves a brief discussion of the leading U.S. Supreme Court decisions concerning a woman’s right to choose whether to terminate her pregnancy. For a more detailed discussion of the relevant case law, see CRS Report 95-724, Abortion Law Development: A Brief Overview.
Date:
October 1, 2003
Creator:
Lewis, Karen J.; Shimabukuro, Jon O. & Ely, Dana
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Afghanistan: Politics, Elections, and Government Performance
This report discusses the current political state of Afghanistan, as well as the Afghan government. This report also discusses Afghanistan's relationship with the United States, particularly U.S. efforts to urge President Hamid Karzai to address corruption within the Afghan government.
Date:
October 1, 2009
Creator:
Katzman, Kenneth
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Afghanistan: U.S. Foreign Assistance
The U.S. program of assistance to Afghanistan is intended to stabilize and strengthen the Afghan economic, social, political, and security environment so as to blunt popular support for extremist forces in the region. Since 2001, nearly $38 billion has been appropriated toward this effort. This report provides a "big picture" overview of the U.S. aid program and congressional action. It describes what various aid agencies report they are doing in Afghanistan. It does not address the effectiveness of their programs.
Date:
October 1, 2009
Creator:
Tarnoff, Curt
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Agricultural Credit: Institutions and Issues
This report discusses federal credit assistance for farmers and recent issues in Congress related to the programs.
Date:
October 1, 2008
Creator:
Monke, Jim
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Air Force C-17 Aircraft Procurement: Background and Issues for Congress
This report provides background information on the C-17 Aircraft program, including previous appropriations, related programs, and issues for Congress. The primary issue for Congress in FY2010 is whether to procure additional C-17s. An additional issue is whether to pass legislation relating to the airlift aircraft force structure. Congress's decisions on these issues could affect DOD capabilities and funding requirements and the U.S. military aircraft industrial base.
Date:
October 1, 2009
Creator:
O'Rourke, Ronald
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Appropriations for FY2003: Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies
Appropriations are one part of a complex federal budget process that includes budget resolutions, appropriations (regular, supplemental, and continuing) bills, rescissions, and budget reconciliation bills. This report is a guide to one of the 13 regular appropriations bills that Congress passes each year. It is designed to supplement information provided by the House and Senate Commerce, Justice, State Appropriations Subcommittees.
Date:
October 1, 2002
Creator:
Epstein, Susan B.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ballast Water Management to Combat Invasive Species
The arrival of zebra mussels in the Great Lakes and their subsequent damage to city water supplies and electric utilities has focused significant attention on ballast water discharge by cargo ships as a high-risk mechanism for species invasion. New management efforts attempt to address this concern. Congress is considering legislative proposals to amend and reauthorize the Nonindigenous Aquatic Nuisance Prevention and Control Act, including specific provisions that would modify how ballast water is managed. This report provides background on various approaches to ballast water management and reviews current ballast water management laws and programs.
Date:
October 1, 2007
Creator:
Buck, Eugene H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
California’s Waiver Request to Control Greenhouse Gases Under the Clean Air Act
This report reviews the nature of California's, EPA's, and other states' authority to regulate emissions from mobile sources, discusses the applicability of that authority to GHGs, and provides analysis of issues related to the California waiver request.
Date:
October 1, 2007
Creator:
McCarthy, James E. & Meltz, Robert
System:
The UNT Digital Library
China-U.S. Relations: Current Issues and Implications for U.S. Policy
This report provides information about the Current Issues and Implications for U.S. Policy on China-U.S. Relations. China has been steadily signing trade agreements,oil and gas contracts.
Date:
October 1, 2007
Creator:
Dumbaugh, Kerry
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Clean Air Act Issues in the 107th Congress
In the 107th Congress, the most prominent air quality issue has been whether state and federal regulations designed to protect air quality are having a negative impact on energy production, and, if so, whether legislation should be enacted to reform such regulations. The early discussion focused primarily on California, but with the release of the Administration’s energy policy recommendations in May 2001 and subsequent congressional action, attention shifted to issues more national in scope.
Date:
October 1, 2002
Creator:
McCarthy, James E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Clean Water Act Issues in the 107th Congress
Key water quality issues that may face the 107th Congress include: actions to implement existing provisions of the Clean Water Act (CWA), whether additional steps are necessary to achieve overall goals of the Act, and the appropriate federal role in guiding and paying for clean water activities. Legislative prospects for comprehensively amending the Act have for some time stalled over whether and exactly how to change the law. If clean water issues receive attention in the 107th Congress, consideration of specific issues will depend in part on the CWA policy agenda of the new Bush Administration and on priorities of the key committees that have major jurisdiction over the Act.
Date:
October 1, 2002
Creator:
Copeland, Claudia
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Comparison of Tax Incentives for Domestic Manufacturing in Current Legislative Proposals
This report contains descriptions of proposals, magnitude of effects on domestic manufacturing investment, other effects on the allocation of capital, and issues of administration and compliance.
Date:
October 1, 2004
Creator:
Gravelle, Jane G.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Congressional Budget Actions in 2002
During the second session of the 107th Congress, the House and Senate will consider many different budgetary measures. Most of these measures will pertain to FY2003 (which will begin on October 1, 2002) and beyond, but some may make adjustments to the budget for FY2002. As the congressional session progresses, this issue brief will describe House and Senate action on major budgetary legislation within the framework of the congressional budget process and other procedural requirements.
Date:
October 1, 2002
Creator:
Heniff, Bill, Jr.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Congressional Oversight and Related Issues Concerning International Security Agreements Concluded by the United States
This report begins by providing a general background on the types of international agreements that are binding upon the United States, as well as considerations affecting whether they take the form of a treaty or an executive agreement. Next, the report discusses historical precedents as to the role that security agreements have taken. The report discusses the oversight role that Congress exercises with respect to entering and implementing international agreements involving the United States.
Date:
October 1, 2009
Creator:
Garcia, Michael J. & Mason, R. C.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Congressional Salaries and Allowances
This report provides basic information on congressional salaries and allowances. First, the report briefly summarizes the current salary of Members of Congress, limits on their outside earned income and honoraria, and applicable health insurance and retirement benefits.
Date:
October 1, 2008
Creator:
Brudnick, Ida A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Continuing Appropriations Acts: Brief Overview of Recent Practices
This report provides a brief overview or recent practices of the Appropriations Act.
Date:
October 1, 2004
Creator:
Streeter, Sandy
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Continuing Resolutions: Latest Action and Brief Overview of Recent Practices
This report provides latest action and brief overview of recent practices related to continuing Resolutions.
Date:
October 1, 2009
Creator:
Streeter, Sandy
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Copyright Law: Digital Rights Management Legislation
Digital Rights Management (DRM) refers to the technology that copyright owners use to protect digital media. This report surveys several of the DRM bills that were introduced in the 107th Congress and those that are pending in the 108th Congress. Generally, the bills are directed at two separate goals. One goal is to increase access to digitally-protected media for lawful purposes. The other attempts to thwart digital piracy and would do so by enhancing civil and criminal sanctions for digital (and traditional) copyright infringement and educating the public about the rights of copyright holders.
Date:
October 1, 2004
Creator:
Jeweler, Robin
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Counterterrorism Research and Development: Funding, Priority-setting, and Coordination
This report describes the basic R&D issues concern regarding the adequacy of planning/coordination mechanisms, including those in the Office of Science and Technology Policy and Office of Homeland Security; which counterterrorism R&D should be transferred to a new department; and how other R&D counterterrorism activities that are not transferred should be coordinated.
Date:
October 1, 2002
Creator:
Knezo, Genevieve J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Critical Infrastructure and Key Assets: Definition and Identification
This report reviews the concept and definition of “critical infrastructure” as it has appeared in federal reports, legislation and regulation since the early 1980s. The report highlights the changes and expansion of that definition as the focus of public policy debates shifted from infrastructure adequacy to infrastructure protection. Finally the report summarizes current policy issues associated with critical infrastructure identification by federal agencies and the private sector. The report is intentionally limited to definitional issues and categorization of infrastructure.
Date:
October 1, 2004
Creator:
Moteff, John D. & Parfomak, Paul W.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Critical Infrastructure: Control Systems and the Terrorist Threat
This report addresses the cyber-vulnerability of critical infrastructure industries which regularly use industrial control systems. Industrial control systems may be vulnerable to infiltration by different routes, including wireless transmission, direct access to control system computers, exploitation of dial-up modems used for maintenance, or through the Internet. This report will specifically discuss the potential for access to industrial control systems through the Internet.
Date:
October 1, 2002
Creator:
Shea, Dana A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Dairy Policy Issues
This report gives an overview of Dairy policy issues and the contents include Dairy forward pricing pilot program, Milk Income Loss Contract (MILC) payments, Milk protein concentrate trade issues, and dairy price support program
Date:
October 1, 2004
Creator:
Chite, Ralph M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Daylight Saving Time
This report provides a brief history of the issues surroundings DST, an outline of the legislative that created and modified it, and a list of references to more discussions.
Date:
October 1, 2002
Creator:
Yacker, Heidi G.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Daylight Saving Time
Currently, in most parts of the United States, timepieces are moved forward one hour in the spring and back one hour in the fall to provide an extended daylight period during the summer months. This is known as Daylight Saving Time (DST). Much debate and many changes led to this present practice. This report provides a brief history of the issues surrounding DST, an outline of the legislation that created and modified it, and a list of references to more discussions.
Date:
October 1, 2002
Creator:
Yacker, Heidi G.
System:
The UNT Digital Library