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Dairy Policy Issues (open access)

Dairy Policy Issues

Three major dairy policy issues captured the attention of the 106th Congress, and are expected to remain issues of concern to the 107th Congress-- federal financial assistance for dairy farmers; implementation by USDA of changes to federal farm milk pricing regulations; and regional debates over the market effects of dairy compacts.
Date: August 1, 2000
Creator: Chite, Ralph M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Federal Grazing Regulations: Public Lands Council v. Babbitt (open access)

Federal Grazing Regulations: Public Lands Council v. Babbitt

This report discusses new regulations on livestock grazing on lands managed by the Bureau of Land Management became effective August 21, 1995. Many aspects of the new regulations were challenged in Public Lands Council v. Babbitt. A federal district court upheld many of the regulations, but struck down four of them and enjoined their implementation. At the appellate level, only the new regulation allowing conservation use to the exclusion of livestock grazing for the full term of a permit was held invalid. The Supreme Court has agreed to hear the case and argument has been set for March 1, 2000.
Date: February 1, 2000
Creator: Baldwin, Pamela
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Conservation Reserve Payments and Self-Employment Taxes (open access)

Conservation Reserve Payments and Self-Employment Taxes

Farmers enrolling their land in the Department of Agriculture's Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) receive payments for refraining from farming their property and for engaging in certain conservation practices mandated by the Department of Agriculture. These payments are described in the contract with the Department of Agriculture as "rental payments." Farmers would like to treat the income as "rental income" because it would not be subject to self-employment taxes, but the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) insists that under certain conditions, the payments are income from the trade or business of farming and thus subject to self-employment taxes.
Date: May 1, 2000
Creator: Morris, Marie B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Going to Conference in the Senate (open access)

Going to Conference in the Senate

This report discusses the steps that the Senate must take, and one more step that it may take, as it arranges to send a bill to conference committee.
Date: February 1, 2000
Creator: Bach, Stanley
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hearings in the House of Representatives: A Guide for Preparation and Procedure (open access)

Hearings in the House of Representatives: A Guide for Preparation and Procedure

The report describes provisions of House rules that pertain to hearings, and citations to these rules are included for reference.
Date: May 1, 2000
Creator: Sachs, Richard C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The First Day of a New Congress: A Guide to Proceedings on the House Floor (open access)

The First Day of a New Congress: A Guide to Proceedings on the House Floor

The House of Representatives follows a well established routine on the opening day of a new Congress. The proceedings include election of the Speaker, swearing in its members, election of administrative officers, and adoption of rules of procedure. Also, resolutions assigning its members to committees may be adopted. The House must take these actions at the beginning of each new Congress because it is not a continuing body. Article 1, Section 2 of Constitution sets terms for Members of the House at two years. Thus, the House ends at the conclusion of each two-year Congress and must reconstitute itself at the beginning of a new Congress. This report focuses on the floor activities of the House during its first formal session in a new Congress, and serves as a guide for participating in or watching those proceedings.
Date: November 1, 2000
Creator: Amer, Mildred L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The First Day of a New Congress: A Guide to Proceedings on the Senate Floor (open access)

The First Day of a New Congress: A Guide to Proceedings on the Senate Floor

The Senate follows a well-established routine on the opening day of a new Congress. The proceedings include swearing in new members, administrative business, and the election of the president pro tempore, the constitutionally mandated officer elected to preside over the chamber in the absence of the Vice President. This report contains information on what is contained in the well-established routine.
Date: November 1, 2000
Creator: Amer, Mildred L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress (open access)

Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress

None
Date: November 1, 2000
Creator: Cronin, Richard P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Taiwan Security Enhancement Act and Underlying Issues in U.S. Policy (open access)

The Taiwan Security Enhancement Act and Underlying Issues in U.S. Policy

None
Date: March 1, 2000
Creator: Dumbaugh, Kerry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Debt Reduction: Initiatives for the Most Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (open access)

Debt Reduction: Initiatives for the Most Heavily Indebted Poor Countries

This report offers a broad overview of the debate concerning debt reduction for poor developing countries. It profiles the scope and structure of debt and reviews previous debt relief strategies and the current HIPC Initiative. It analyzes and compares competing alternatives endorsed by the Administration, congressional activists, NGOs, and other G-7 governments. Several key issues, such as costs, impact, and conditionality, of pending proposals are also assessed.
Date: February 1, 2000
Creator: Nowels, Larry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Law of Church and State: Public Aid to Sectarian Schools (open access)

The Law of Church and State: Public Aid to Sectarian Schools

One of the most difficult issues of constitutional law concerns the extent to which the establishment of religion clause of the First Amendment imposes constraints on the provision of public aid to private sectarian schools. This report gives a brief overview of the evolution of the Court’s interpretation of the establishment clause in this area and itemizes the categories of aid that have been addressed by the Court and held to be constitutionally permissible or impermissible, both at the elementary and secondary school level and at the college level.
Date: August 1, 2000
Creator: Ackerman, David M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Daylight Saving Time (open access)

Daylight Saving Time

Currently, in most parts of the United States, timepieces are moved forward one hour in the spring and back one hour in the fall to provide an extended daylight period during the summer months. This is known as Daylight Saving Time (DST). Much debate and many changes led to this present practice. This report provides a brief history of the issues surrounding DST, an outline of the legislation that created and modified it, and a list of references to more discussions.
Date: August 1, 2000
Creator: Yacker, Heidi G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Earned Income Tax Credit: Current Issues and Benefit Amounts (open access)

The Earned Income Tax Credit: Current Issues and Benefit Amounts

The earned income tax credit (EITC), established in the tax code in 1975, offers cash aid to working parents with relatively low incomes who care for dependent children. The EITC is the only federal cash aid available to all working poor families with children. For eligible filers with income tax liability, the EITC reduces their taxes.
Date: September 1, 2000
Creator: Gish, Melinda
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Internet Tax Legislation: Distinguishing Issues (open access)

Internet Tax Legislation: Distinguishing Issues

None
Date: September 1, 2000
Creator: Noto, Nonna A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
NAFTA: Related Environmental Issues and Initiatives (open access)

NAFTA: Related Environmental Issues and Initiatives

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) includes several environment-related provisions, that while limited, were lauded for their inclusion in a trade agreement. However, further environmental (and labor) assurances were needed to secure passage of NAFTA, and ultimately, the negotiating parties agreed to a side accord that promotes trilateral cooperation on environmental matters and includes provisions to address a party's failure to enforce environmental laws
Date: March 1, 2000
Creator: Tiemann, Mary
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Trade Adjustment Assistance for Firms: Economic, Program, and Policy Issues (open access)

Trade Adjustment Assistance for Firms: Economic, Program, and Policy Issues

While many policymakers believe that free trade provides benefits to all trading partners, reducing barriers to trade forces firms and industries to adjust to stiffer global competition. For some, the adjustment process can be difficult and Congress, in recognizing this problem, has authorized programs to assist trade-impacted firms, industries, and workers.
Date: February 1, 2000
Creator: Hornbeck, J. F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Wetland Issues (open access)

Wetland Issues

Wetlands, in a wide variety of forms, are found throughout the country. The various values of these areas have been increasingly recognized in recent years, but the remaining acreage has been disappearing rapidly. When European settlers first arrived, total wetland acreage was more than 220 million acres in the lower 48 states, according to estimates by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. By 1980, total wetland acreage was estimated to be 104 million acres. Losses continue, although the rate of loss hasslowed considerably during the past decade. Recent losses have been concentrated in the lower Mississippi River Valley, the upper Midwest, and the Southeast.
Date: September 1, 2000
Creator: Zinn, Jeffrey A. & Copeland, Claudia
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR): The U-2 Aircraft and Global Hawk UAV Programs (open access)

Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR): The U-2 Aircraft and Global Hawk UAV Programs

Among airborne intelligence, surveillance, and reconaissance (ISR) platforms, the U-2 Dragon Lady and the RQ-4A Global Hawk are especially valuable. This report discusses how best to use existing and planned manned and unmanned ISR aircraft to most effectively satisfy the Department of Defense's (Dod) requirements for timely and accurate information on enemy forces.
Date: December 1, 2000
Creator: Best, Richard A., Jr. & Bolkcom, Christopher
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Posse Comitatus Act and Related Matters: The Use of the Military to Execute Civilian Law (open access)

The Posse Comitatus Act and Related Matters: The Use of the Military to Execute Civilian Law

The Posse Comitatus Act outlaws willful use of any part of the Army or Air Force to execute the law unless expressly authorized by the Constitution or an Act of Congress. History supplies the grist for an argument that the Constitution prohibits military involvement in civilian affairs subject to only limited alterations by Congress or the President, but the courts do not appear to have ever accepted the argument unless a violation of more explicit constitutional command could also be shown. The provision for express constitutional authorization when in fact the The constitution contains no such express authorizations has been explained alternatively as a meaningless political face-saving device or as an unartful reference to the President's constitutional powers.
Date: June 1, 2000
Creator: Doyle, Charles
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Marine Pollution Control Act (open access)

Marine Pollution Control Act

This law was passed by the Republic of China (Taiwan) in order to control marine pollution, protect public health, and sustainably use marine resources.
Date: November 1, 2000
Creator: China (Republic : 1949- )
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Optimist (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 88, No. 42, Ed. 1, Wednesday, March 1, 2000 (open access)

The Optimist (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 88, No. 42, Ed. 1, Wednesday, March 1, 2000

Tri-weekly student newspaper from Abilene Christian University in Abilene, Texas that includes local, state and campus news along with advertising.
Date: March 1, 2000
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Optimist (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 3, Ed. 1, Friday, September 1, 2000 (open access)

The Optimist (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 3, Ed. 1, Friday, September 1, 2000

Tri-weekly student newspaper from Abilene Christian University in Abilene, Texas that includes local, state and campus news along with advertising.
Date: September 1, 2000
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Optimist (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 19, Ed. 1, Wednesday, November 1, 2000 (open access)

The Optimist (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 19, Ed. 1, Wednesday, November 1, 2000

Tri-weekly student newspaper from Abilene Christian University in Abilene, Texas that includes local, state and campus news along with advertising.
Date: November 1, 2000
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Optimist (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 26, Ed. 1, Friday, December 1, 2000 (open access)

The Optimist (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 26, Ed. 1, Friday, December 1, 2000

Tri-weekly student newspaper from Abilene Christian University in Abilene, Texas that includes local, state and campus news along with advertising.
Date: December 1, 2000
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History