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Chemical and Radiochemical Constituents in Water from Wells in the Vicinity of the Naval Reactors Facility, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho, 1997-98
The US Geological Survey, in response to a request from the U.S Department of Energy's Pittsburgh Naval Reactors Office, Idaho Branch Office, sampled water from 13 wells during 1997-98 as part of a long-term project to monitor water quality of the Snake River Plain aquifer in the vicinity of the Naval Reactors Facility, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho. Water samples were analyzed for naturally occurring constituents and man-made contaminants. A total of 91 samples were collected from the 13 monitoring wells. The routine samples contained detectable concentrations of total cations and dissolved anions, and nitrite plus nitrate as nitrogen. Most of the samples also had detectable concentrations of gross alpha- and gross beta-particle radioactivity and tritium. Fourteen quality-assurance samples were also collected and analyzed; seven were field-blank samples, and seven were replicate samples. Most of the field blank samples contained less than detectable concentrations of target constituents; however some blank samples did contain detectable concentrations of calcium, magnesium, barium, copper, manganese, nickel, zinc, nitrite plus nitrate, total organic halogens, tritium, and selected volatile organic compounds.
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Bartholomay, R. C.; Knobel, L. L.; Tucker, B. J. & Twining, B. V.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Chemical Speciation of Inorganic Compounds under Hydrothermal Conditions
This project utilizes the high-intensity x-rays available at the Advance Photon Source (APS) to study the inorganic chemistry associated with tank waste vitrification. Although the chemical conversion of waste under high-temperature conditions is an integral part of these processing technologies, there is virtually no information in the published literature about the chemical speciation of inorganic compounds under actual processing conditions. This is primarily due to the lack of techniques that are capable of making in situ measurements of aqueous systems above 300 C. The ongoing x-ray-based studies are identifying the chemical species, oxidation states and ion pairing of inorganic compounds under extreme solvent conditions. It is imperative to make in situ measurements since we have shown that the chemical speciation is strongly dependent on temperature. Several complimentary techniques are being used in this study including x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), diffuse anomalous x-ray scattering (DAS) and vibrational (IR & Raman) spectroscopy. Thus, the results of this work are providing information critical to the calcining and vitrification of tank wastes. The results will also have a direct bearing on specific issues such as volatility of Tc (or Re) compounds and the complex chemistry of chromium compounds.
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Stern, Edward A.; Fulton, John L. & Seidler,Gerald
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cherokeean/Herald (Rusk, Tex.), Vol. 151, No. 15, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 1, 2000
Weekly newspaper from Rusk, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Whitehead, Marie
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Code Verification by the Method of Manufactured Solutions
A procedure for code Verification by the Method of Manufactured Solutions (MMS) is presented. Although the procedure requires a certain amount of creativity and skill, we show that MMS can be applied to a variety of engineering codes which numerically solve partial differential equations. This is illustrated by detailed examples from computational fluid dynamics. The strength of the MMS procedure is that it can identify any coding mistake that affects the order-of-accuracy of the numerical method. A set of examples which use a blind-test protocol demonstrates the kinds of coding mistakes that can (and cannot) be exposed via the MMS code Verification procedure. The principle advantage of the MMS procedure over traditional methods of code Verification is that code capabilities are tested in full generality. The procedure thus results in a high degree of confidence that all coding mistakes which prevent the equations from being solved correctly have been identified.
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Salari, Kambiz & Knupp, Patrick
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Collaboration on Modeling of Ion Bernstein Wave Antenna Array and Coupling to Plasma on Tokamak Fusion Text Reactor. Final report
This proposal was peer reviewed and funded as a Collaboration on ''Low Phase Speed Radio Frequency Current Drive Experiments at the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor''. The original plans we had were to carry out the collaboration proposal by including a post doctoral scientist stationed at PPPL. In response to a 60+% funding cut, all expenses were radically pruned. The post doctoral position was eliminated, and the Principal Investigator (T. Intrator) carried out the brunt of the collaboration. Visits to TFTR enabled T. Intrator to set up access to the TFTR computing network, database, and get familiar with the new antennas that were being installed in TFTR during an up to air. One unfortunate result of the budget squeeze that TFTR felt for its last year of operation was that the experiments that we specifically got funded to perform were not granted run time on TFTR., On the other hand we carried out some modeling of the electric field structure around the four strap direct launch Ion Bernstein Wave (IBW) antenna that was operated on TFTR. This turned out to be a useful exercise and shed some light on the operational characteristics of the IBW antenna and its coupling to the …
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Intrator, T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Colloid characterization and quantification in groundwater samples
This report describes the work conducted at Los Alamos National Laboratory for studying the groundwater colloids for the Yucca Mountain Project in conjunction with the Hydrologic Resources Management Program (HRMP) and the Underground Test Area (UGTA) Project. Colloidal particle size distributions and total particle concentration in groundwater samples are quantified and characterized. Colloid materials from cavity waters collected near underground nuclear explosion sites by HRMP field sampling personnel at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) were quantified. Selected colloid samples were further characterized by electron microscope to evaluate the colloid shapes, elemental compositions, and mineral phases. The authors have evaluated the colloid size and concentration in the natural groundwater sample that was collected from the ER-20-5 well and stored in a 50-gallon (about 200-liter) barrel for several months. This groundwater sample was studied because HRMP personnel have identified trace levels of radionuclides in the water sample. Colloid results show that even though the water sample had filtered through a series of Millipore filters, high-colloid concentrations were identified in all unfiltered and filtered samples. They had studied the samples that were diluted with distilled water and found that diluted samples contained more colloids than the undiluted ones. These results imply that colloids …
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Kung, K. Stephen
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Comanche Chief (Comanche, Tex.), No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 1, 2000
Weekly newspaper from Comanche, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Wilkerson, James C., III
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Combined approach to the inverse protein folding problem. Final report
The main scientific contribution of the project ''Combined approach to the inverse protein folding problem'' submitted in 1996 and funded by the Department of Energy in 1997 is the formulation and development of the idea of the multilink recognition method for identification of functional and structural homologues of newly discovered genes. This idea became very popular after they first announced it and used it in prediction of the threading targets for the CASP2 competition (Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction).
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Abagyan, Ruben A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
COMBINED THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF MECHANISMS AND KINETICS OF VAPOR-PHASE MERCURY UPTAKE BY CARBONACEOUS SURFACES
The overall goal of this research program is to gain fundamental understanding of the important chemistry and physics involved in mercury adsorption on carbonaceous surfaces. This knowledge will then be used to optimize adsorption processes and operating conditions to maximize the uptake of mercury within the required contact time. An additional long-term benefit of this research is the basic understanding of the Hg adsorption process, which may facilitate the design of new adsorbents for more efficient and cost-effective removal of Hg from a variety of effluent streams. Molecular modeling of the adsorption of Hg on carbonaceous surfaces will greatly increase the insight into the physics of the adsorption process and combined with in situ rate measurements of mercury adsorption and desorption (conventional and pulsed laser) on graphite using linear and nonlinear optical probes with real time optical resolution have the potential to provide fundamental insight into the process of mercury uptake by carbonaceous surfaces. Besides accurate assessment of key parameters influencing adsorption equilibrium, fundamental understanding of the kinetics of mercury adsorption, desorption, and diffusion will be developed in this study. These key physical and chemical processes postulated through molecular modeling efforts and verified by in situ measurements will be utilized …
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Vidic, Radisav D.; Borguet, Eric V. & Johnson, Karl J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
COMMISSIONING RESULTS FROM THE LEDA LOW-ENERGY DEMONSTRATION ACCELERATOR (LEDA) RADIO-FREQUENCY QUADRUPOLE (RFQ)
None
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
SMITH, H. V.; FIGUEROA, T. L. & AL, ET
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Compact Gamma-Ray Imager for In-Vivo Gene Imaging
A compact, low-cost, gamma-ray imaging system is needed to study gene expression in small animals. State-of-the-art electronic imaging systems have insufficient resolution and animals must be sacrificed for detailed imaging that precludes time evolution studies. With improved electronics radioactive tracers attached to gene markers can be used to track the absorption and mobility of gene therapy medications in live animals. Other instrumentation being developed for medical applications does not have the response to match the radiation source for this work. The objective of this research was to develop thick film (Cd,Zn)Te detectors matched to the gamma ray energy of {sup 129}I. The detector would be a direct readout device using p-i-n diodes formed from the high Z material absorbing the radiation, with separate readout. Higher quality semiconducting material was expected from epitaxial growth on GaAs, a near lattice matched substrate. In practice, it was difficult to obtain material with high resistance and low leakage current. Spire Corporation achieved the goal of fabricating working detectors in (Cd,Zn)Te deposited on GaAs. The spectra of an alpha emitter ({sup 225}Am) was adequately resolved in thin film devices. Thick p-i-n diodes were fabricated but other processing problems prevented full demonstration of a gamma ray …
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Greenwald, A. C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Complexants fsro Actinide Element Coordination & Immobilization
The goal of this project is to develop inorganic metal oxide clusters known as polyoxoanions (POAs) as complexants for the immobilization of actinide (An) ions from high-level waste (HLW). A diverse array of rugged isopolyoxoanions, [MxOy]z- , and heteropolyoxoanions, [XaMbOc]d-, comprised of M = V, Nb, Mo, W and X = Si, P polyhedra are under investigation for their ability to incarcerate An ions. The research combines two objectives-An-POA coordination and An-POA containment. The first involves the synthesis, isolation, and characterization of POAs that can selectively bind An ions to form stable An-POA complexes in alkaline and acidic solutions. The second involves investigations of the thermochemistry of the An-POA complexes under vitrification conditions germane to the formation of proposed HLW forms, such as borosilicate glass. The approach is envisioned to provide two levels of An encapsulation for maximum stability and durability as well as the potential to incorporate higher levels of An ions (particularly Pu) in waste forms than now possible. Such versatility bodes well for prospective applications of POAs as An complexants in technology of significance to the environmental management of HLW.
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Antonio, Mark R. & Soderholm, L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Composite Thin-Disk Laser Scaleable to 100 kW Average Power Output and Beyond
By combining newly developed technologies to engineer composite laser components with state of the art diode laser pump delivery technologies, we are in a position to demonstrate high beam quality, continuous wave, laser radiation at scaleable high average powers. The crucial issues of our composite thin disk laser technology were demonstrated during a successful first light effort. The high continuous wave power levels that are now within reach make this system of high interest to future DoD initiatives in solid-state laser technology for the laser weapon arena.
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Zapata, L.; Beach, R. & Payne, S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Composition dependence of the spin wave stiffness parameter in La{sub 1-x}Ca{sub x}MnO{sub 3} CMR materials.
None
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Rhyne, J. J.; Kaiser, H.; Stumpe, L.; Mitchell, J. F.; Mccloskey, T. & Chourasia, A. R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Computational Design of Metal Ion Sequestering Agents
Organic ligands that exhibit a high degree of metal ion recognition are essential precursors for developing separation processes and sensors for metal ions. Since the beginning of the nuclear era, much research has focused on discovering ligands that target specific radionuclides. Members of the Group 1A and 2A cations (e.g., Cs, Sr, Ra) and the f-block metals (actinides and lanthanides) are of primary concern to DOE. Although there has been some success in identifying ligand architectures that exhibit a degree of metal ion recognition, the ability to control binding affinity and selectivity remains a significant challenge. The traditional approach for discovering such ligands has involved lengthy programs of organic synthesis and testing that, in the absence of reliable methods for screening compounds before synthesis, have resulted in much wasted research effort. This project seeks to enhance and strengthen the traditional approach through computer-aided design of new and improved host molecules. Accurate electronic structure calculations are coupled with experimental data to provide fundamental information about ligand structure and the nature of metal-donor group interactions (design criteria). This fundamental information then is used in a molecular mechanics model (MM3) that helps us rapidly screen proposed ligand architectures and select the best members …
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Hay, Benjamin P.; Dixon, David A. & Rapko, Brian M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Conceptual Design of a 50--100 MW Electron Beam Accelerator System for the National Hypersonic Wind Tunnel Program
The National Hypersonic Wind Tunnel program requires an unprecedented electron beam source capable of 1--2 MeV at a beam power level of 50--100 MW. Direct-current electron accelerator technology can readily generate high average power beams to approximately 5 MeV at output efficiencies greater than 90%. However, due to the nature of research and industrial applications, there has never been a requirement for a single module with an output power exceeding approximately 500 kW. Although a 50--100 MW module is a two-order extrapolation from demonstrated power levels, the scaling of accelerator components appears reasonable. This paper presents an evaluation of component and system issues involved in the design of a 50--100 MW electron beam accelerator system with precision beam transport into a high pressure flowing air environment.
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
SCHNEIDER,LARRY X.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Congregation Beth Israel Bulletin, Volume 146, Number 20, June 2000
Newsletter of Congregation Beth Israel in Houston, including news and events, upcoming services, member announcements, editorials, and other information of interest to congregants.
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Congregation Beth Israel (Houston, Tex.)
Object Type:
Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Congregation Beth Israel Bulletin, Volume 146, Number 21, June 2000
Newsletter of Congregation Beth Israel in Houston, including news and events, upcoming services, member announcements, editorials, and other information of interest to congregants.
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Congregation Beth Israel (Houston, Tex.)
Object Type:
Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Constructing the ASCI computational grid
The Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative (ASCI) computational grid is being constructed to interconnect the high performance computing resources of the nuclear weapons complex. The grid will simplify access to the diverse computing, storage, network, and visualization resources, and will enable the coordinated use of shared resources regardless of location. To match existing hardware platforms, required security services, and current simulation practices, the Globus MetaComputing Toolkit was selected to provide core grid services. The ASCI grid extends Globus functionality by operating as an independent grid, incorporating Kerberos-based security, interfacing to Sandia's Cplant{trademark},and extending job monitoring services. To fully meet ASCI's needs, the architecture layers distributed work management and criteria-driven resource selection services on top of Globus. These services simplify the grid interface by allowing users to simply request ''run code X anywhere''. This paper describes the initial design and prototype of the ASCI grid.
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
BEIRIGER,JUDY I.; BIVENS,HUGH P.; HUMPHREYS,STEVEN L.; JOHNSON,WILBUR R. & RHEA,RONALD E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Construction of Bending Magnet Beamline at the APS for Environmental
Design and construction of a bending magnet beamline at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) by the Pacific Northwest Consortium-Collaborative Access Team (PNCCAT). The beamline will be optimized for x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies with a major focus on environmental issues. The beamline will share the experimental facilities under development at the neighboring undulator based insertion device beamline. It will utilize these facilities for XAS of both bulk and surface samples, with spatial and elemental imaging, on toxic and radioactive samples. It will help meet the rapidly growing need for the application of these techniques to environmental problems.
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Stern, Edward A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
THE CONTOUR METHOD: SIMPLE 2-D MAPPING OF RESIDUAL STRESSES
We present an entirely new method for measuring residual stress that is extremely simple to apply yet more powerful than existing techniques. In this method, a part is carefully cut in two. The contour of the resulting new surface is measured to determine the displacements normal to the surface caused by the release of the residual stresses. Analytically, the opposite of these measured displacements are applied as boundary conditions to the surface in a finite element model. By Bueckner's superposition principle, this gives the original residual stresses normal to the plane of the cut. Unlike other relaxation methods for measuring residual stress, the measured data can be used to solve directly for the stresses without a tedious inversion technique. At the same time, an arbitrary two-dimensional variation in stresses can be determined. We demonstrate the method on a steel specimen with a known residual stress profile.
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
PRIME, M. & GONZALES, A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cooler reflective pavements give benefits beyond energy savings: durability and illumination
City streets are usually paved with asphalt concrete because this material gives good service and is relatively inexpensive to construct and maintain. We show that making asphalt pavements cooler, by increasing their reflection of sunlight, may lead to longer lifetime of the pavement, lower initial costs of the asphalt binder, and savings on street lighting and signs. Excessive glare due to the whiter surface is not likely to be a problem.
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Pomerantz, Melvin; Akbari, Hashem & Harvey, John T.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Corrective Action Decision Document for Corrective Action Unit 254: Area 25 R-MAD Decontamination Facility, Nevada Test Site, Nevada
This Corrective Action Decision Document identifies and rationalizes the US Department of Energy, Nevada Operations Office's selection of a recommended corrective action alternative (CAA) appropriate to facilitate the closure of Corrective Action Unit (CAU) 254, R-MAD Decontamination Facility, under the Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order. Located in Area 25 at the Nevada Test Site in Nevada, CAU 254 is comprised of Corrective Action Site (CAS) 25-23-06, Decontamination Facility. A corrective action investigation for this CAS as conducted in January 2000 as set forth in the related Corrective Action Investigation Plan. Samples were collected from various media throughout the CAS and sent to an off-site laboratory for analysis. The laboratory results indicated the following: radiation dose rates inside the Decontamination Facility, Building 3126, and in the storage yard exceeded the average general dose rate; scanning and static total surface contamination surveys indicated that portions of the locker and shower room floor, decontamination bay floor, loft floor, east and west decon pads, north and south decontamination bay interior walls, exterior west and south walls, and loft walls were above preliminary action levels (PALs). The investigation-derived contaminants of concern (COCs) included: polychlorinated biphenyls, radionuclides (strontium-90, niobium-94, cesium-137, uranium-234 and -235), total volatile …
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
U.S. Department of Energy, Nevada Operations Office
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Corrective Action Plan for Corrective Action Unit 321: Area 22 Weather Station Fuel Storage Nevada Test Site, Nevada
The purpose of this Corrective Action Plan (CAP) is to provide the strategy and methodology to close the Area 22 Weather Station Fuel Storage. The CAU will be closed following state and federal regulations and the FFACO (1996). Site characterization was done during February 1999. Soil samples were collected using a direct-push method. Soil samples were collected at 0.6-m (2-ft) intervals from the surface to 1.8 m (6 ft) below ground surface. The results of the characterization were reported in the Corrective Action Decision Document (CADD) (DOE, 1999b). Soil sample results indicated that two locations in the bermed area contain total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) as diesel at concentrations of 124 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) and 377 mg/kg. This exceeds the Nevada Division of Environmental Protection (NDEP) regulatory action level for TPH of 100 mg/kg (Nevada Administrative Code, 1996). The TPH-impacted soil will be removed and disposed as part of the corrective action.
Date:
June 1, 2000
Creator:
Tobiason, D. S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library