During the ultrasonic (UT) inspection of K-Reactor tank by the Equipment Engineering Section in the spring of 1990, solid material (termed debris) was seen on the bottom of the tank. When the UT inspection was complete, a specially designed underwater vacuum cleaner was used to collect the accumulation at 17 monitor pin positions. This material was sent to SRL for characterization as an action item of the Reactor Corrosion Mitigation Committee. Acquisition of this debris provided an opportunity to obtain first-hand information about conditions within the tank that affect corrosion conditions and/or moderator chemistry. The purpose of this memorandum is to describe the results of the analyses and the implications of what was found.

During the ultrasonic (UT) inspection of K-Reactor tank by the Equipment Engineering Section in the spring of 1990, solid material (termed debris) was seen on the bottom of the tank. When the UT inspection was complete, a specially designed underwater vacuum cleaner was used to collect the accumulation at 17 monitor pin positions. This material was sent to SRL for characterization as an action item of the Reactor Corrosion Mitigation Committee. Acquisition of this debris provided an opportunity to obtain first-hand information about conditions within the tank that affect corrosion conditions and/or moderator chemistry. The purpose of this memorandum is to describe the results of the analyses and the implications of what was found.

Characterization of deposits from the reactor system provides a means of directly assessing corrosion and chemistry conditions within the system. The recent analysis of debris vacuumed from the bottom of K-Reactor tank provided information and reassurance about the conditions within the tank that would affect corrosion or moderator chemistry. Further opportunity for surveillance within the reactor system was recognized when solid deposits were found on the moderator side of the K-Reactor heat exchanger 4A that failed in December 1991. A sample of deposited material from the face of the tube sheet at the inlet end was removed under the direction of Equipment Engineering Section personnel. The material was analyzed by the Analytical Development Section by techniques used earlier for the K-tank debris. Elemental content was determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Total chlorine content was determined by neutron activation analysis. Crystalline components were identified by X-Ray diffraction, and radionuclidic content characterized by alpha pulse height analysis, beta counting, scintillation counting, and gamma spectroscopy. The purpose of this memorandum is to report the results of these analyses.

Characterization of deposits from the reactor system provides a means of directly assessing corrosion and chemistry conditions within the system. The recent analysis of debris vacuumed from the bottom of K-Reactor tank provided information and reassurance about the conditions within the tank that would affect corrosion or moderator chemistry. Further opportunity for surveillance within the reactor system was recognized when solid deposits were found on the moderator side of the K-Reactor heat exchanger 4A that failed in December 1991. A sample of deposited material from the face of the tube sheet at the inlet end was removed under the direction of Equipment Engineering Section personnel. The material was analyzed by the Analytical Development Section by techniques used earlier for the K-tank debris. Elemental content was determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Total chlorine content was determined by neutron activation analysis. Crystalline components were identified by X-Ray diffraction, and radionuclidic content characterized by alpha pulse height analysis, beta counting, scintillation counting, and gamma spectroscopy. The purpose of this memorandum is to report the results of these analyses.

The first phase of a high current, short bunch length electron beam research facility, the AWA, is near completion at Argonne. At the heart of the facility is a photocathode based electron gun and accelerating sections designed to deliver 20 MeV pulses with up to 100 nC per pulse and with pulse lengths of approximately 15 ps (fw). Using a technique similar to that originated at Argonne`s AATF facility, a separate weak probe pulse can be generated and used to diagnose wake effects produced by the intense pulses. Initial planned experiments include studies of plasma wakefields and dielectric wakefield devices, and expect to demonstrate large, useful accelerating gradients (> 100 MeV/m). Later phases of the facility will increase the drive bunch energy to more than 100 MeV to enable acceleration experiments up to the GeV range. Specifications, design details, and commissioning progress are presented.

The first phase of a high current, short bunch length electron beam research facility, the AWA, is near completion at Argonne. At the heart of the facility is a photocathode based electron gun and accelerating sections designed to deliver 20 MeV pulses with up to 100 nC per pulse and with pulse lengths of approximately 15 ps (fw). Using a technique similar to that originated at Argonne's AATF facility, a separate weak probe pulse can be generated and used to diagnose wake effects produced by the intense pulses. Initial planned experiments include studies of plasma wakefields and dielectric wakefield devices, and expect to demonstrate large, useful accelerating gradients (> 100 MeV/m). Later phases of the facility will increase the drive bunch energy to more than 100 MeV to enable acceleration experiments up to the GeV range. Specifications, design details, and commissioning progress are presented.

Samples of four Savannah River Site (SRS) soils were tested for sorption behavior with Hg[sup 2+], Pb[sup 2+], UO[sub 2][sup 2+], and Cs[sup +] ions. The purpose of the study was to determine the selectivity of the different soils for these ions alone and in the presence of the competing cations, H[sup +] and Ca[sup 2+]. Distribution constants, Kd's, for the test ions in various solutions have been determined for the four soils. In general, sorption by all of the soils appeared to be more complex than a simple ion exchange or adsorption process. In particular, the presence of organic matter in soil increased the capacity of the soil due to its chelating ability. Similar soils did not react similarly toward each metal cation.

Samples of four Savannah River Site (SRS) soils were tested for sorption behavior with Hg{sup 2+}, Pb{sup 2+}, UO{sub 2}{sup 2+}, and Cs{sup +} ions. The purpose of the study was to determine the selectivity of the different soils for these ions alone and in the presence of the competing cations, H{sup +} and Ca{sup 2+}. Distribution constants, Kd`s, for the test ions in various solutions have been determined for the four soils. In general, sorption by all of the soils appeared to be more complex than a simple ion exchange or adsorption process. In particular, the presence of organic matter in soil increased the capacity of the soil due to its chelating ability. Similar soils did not react similarly toward each metal cation.

Effects of the {alpha}-substitutions on the termini of the reactive diene unit of o-quinodimethanes revealed a non-concerted mechanism for furan-based and benzene-based o-quinodimethane (o-QDM) dimerizations. In section one, the coexistence of the cisoid and transoid transition states in the diradical formation step is evidenced by the stereochemistry of the dimers. In view of the results of the furan-based o-QDM dimerizauons, it is believed that the regioselectivity in the diradical cyclization step is controlled mainly by the interaction between the active sites on the furan moieties in the diradical ring closure step, not by the intemal bond rotations of the carbon chain of the diradical intermediate. In section two, it was found that the trend of the regioselectivity. along the size of the {alpha}-substituents, of benzene-based o-QDM dimerizations is opposite to that of the Diels-Alder reactions. On the basis of the trends, it is suggested that the Diels-Alder reaction mechanism of benzene-based o-QDM's is concerted while the dimerization mechanism of benzene-based o-QDM's is stepwise. Because of their similar activation parameters, it is proposed that the parent o-xylylene and other o-xylylenes dimerize via a similar two step, diradical mechanism.

Annual report about the overall condition of the East Central Independent School District in San Antonio, providing statistics and assessments for the 1991-1992 school year.

An English Act of 1663 imposed a duty on grain imported from abroad whenever the domestic price was below a legislatively set price floor. The English farmer enjoyed a virtual monopoly in the domestic market. By the same token, he was allowed to export grain whenever the domestic price exceeded the price floor, and, after 1673, was granted a bounty (subsidy) on grain exports.

A series of runs were planned in the Precipitate Hydrolysis Experimental Facility (PHEF) at the Savannah River Plant to determine the effectiveness of equipment and process modifications on the PHEF decanter organic removal efficiency. Runs 54-59 were planned to test the effectiveness of spray recirculation, a new decanter, heated organic recirculation and aqueous drawoff on organic removal efficiency in the revised HAN flowsheet. Runs 60-63 were planned to provide a comparison of the original and new decanter designs on organic removal efficiency in the late wash flowsheet without organic recirculation. Operational problems were experienced in both the PHEF and IDMS pilot facilities because of the production of high boiling organics and the low organic removal efficiency of the PHEF decanters. To prevent these problems in the DWPF Salt and Chemical Cells, modifications were proposed to the decanter and flowsheet to maximize the organic removal efficiency and minimize production of high boiling organics.

A series of runs were planned in the Precipitate Hydrolysis Experimental Facility (PHEF) at the Savannah River Plant to determine the effectiveness of equipment and process modifications on the PHEF decanter organic removal efficiency. Runs 54-59 were planned to test the effectiveness of spray recirculation, a new decanter, heated organic recirculation and aqueous drawoff on organic removal efficiency in the revised HAN flowsheet. Runs 60-63 were planned to provide a comparison of the original and new decanter designs on organic removal efficiency in the late wash flowsheet without organic recirculation. Operational problems were experienced in both the PHEF and IDMS pilot facilities because of the production of high boiling organics and the low organic removal efficiency of the PHEF decanters. To prevent these problems in the DWPF Salt and Chemical Cells, modifications were proposed to the decanter and flowsheet to maximize the organic removal efficiency and minimize production of high boiling organics.

The intent of this study phase program was to adequately define the Electronic Tag and Position Sensor chip so as to be able to price and schedule the full design and development culminating in a silicon IC. Therefore, even though Hughes Aircraft Company feels that the approach submitted in this document is what should be developed, it is still considered preliminary and could change as the full design is developed.

The major objective of this program is to measure thermal rate coefficients and branching ratios of elementary reactions. To perform these measurements, we have constructed an ultrahigh-purity shock tube to generate temperatures between 1000 and 5500 K. The tunable-laser flash-absorption technique is used to measure the rate of change of the concentration of species which absorb below 50,000 cm{sup {minus}1} e.g.: OH, CH, and CH{sub 3}. This technique is being extended into the vacuum-ultraviolet spectral region where we can measure atomic species e.g.: H, D, C, O, and N; and diatomic species e.g.: O{sub 2}, CO, and OH.

The major objective of this program is to measure thermal rate coefficients and branching ratios of elementary reactions. To perform these measurements, we have constructed an ultrahigh-purity shock tube to generate temperatures between 1000 and 5500 K. The tunable-laser flash-absorption technique is used to measure the rate of change of the concentration of species which absorb below 50,000 cm{sup {minus}1} e.g.: OH, CH, and CH{sub 3}. This technique is being extended into the vacuum-ultraviolet spectral region where we can measure atomic species e.g.: H, D, C, O, and N; and diatomic species e.g.: O{sub 2}, CO, and OH.

The overall objective of the research carried out under this program is to determine the principles of collisional energy transfer and use them in predictive models and theories. In order to accomplish this goal, energy transfer properties must be determined and then analyzed to discern the underlying principles involved. In this laboratory, the experimental determination of energy transfer parameters is based on techniques that use physical properties to monitor the amount of energy in excited molecules. These techniques differ from chemical methods, based on unimolecular reaction studies, which are susceptible to interferences from complex chemical mechanisms and other complications. The physical methods have their own weaknesses and limitations, however, and much of our effort has been directed toward gaining a better understanding of these deficiencies. Two physical techniques have been proved to be particularly useful: time-resolved infrared fluorescence (IRF) and time-dependent thermal lensing (TDTL). As described later, we will shortly begin work using resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) techniques to investigate energy transfer in bulbs and half collisions'' in free jets. We also have completed some experiments and model calculations which explore the approximations we previously have used in calculating infrared emission from highly excited molecules.

The overall objective of the research carried out under this program is to determine the principles of collisional energy transfer and use them in predictive models and theories. In order to accomplish this goal, energy transfer properties must be determined and then analyzed to discern the underlying principles involved. In this laboratory, the experimental determination of energy transfer parameters is based on techniques that use physical properties to monitor the amount of energy in excited molecules. These techniques differ from chemical methods, based on unimolecular reaction studies, which are susceptible to interferences from complex chemical mechanisms and other complications. The physical methods have their own weaknesses and limitations, however, and much of our effort has been directed toward gaining a better understanding of these deficiencies. Two physical techniques have been proved to be particularly useful: time-resolved infrared fluorescence (IRF) and time-dependent thermal lensing (TDTL). As described later, we will shortly begin work using resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) techniques to investigate energy transfer in bulbs and ``half collisions`` in free jets. We also have completed some experiments and model calculations which explore the approximations we previously have used in calculating infrared emission from highly excited molecules.

This project is sponsored by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) for the Engineering Design and Analysis of Advanced Physical Fine Coal Cleaning Technologies. The major goal is to provide the simulation tools for modeling both conventional and advanced coal cleaning technologies. This DOE project is part of a major research initiative by the Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center (PETC) aimed at advancing three advanced coal cleaning technologies-heavy-liquid cylconing, selective agglomeration, and advanced froth flotation through the proof-of-concept (POC) level.

The major goal is to provide the simulation tools for modeling both conventional and advanced coal cleaning technologies. This DOE project is part of a major research initiative by the Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center (PETC) aimed at advancing three advanced coal cleaning technologies- advanced cylconing, selective agglomeration, and advanced froth flotation through the proof-of-concept. The commercially available ASPEN PLUS process simulation package will be extended to handle coal cleaning applications. Algorithms for predicting the process performance, equipment size, and flowsheet economics of commercial coal cleaning devices and related ancillary equipment will be incorporated into the coal cleaning simulator. This report is submitted to document the progress of Aspen Technology Inc. (AspenTech), its contractor, ICF Kaiser Engineers, Inc., (ICF KE) and CQ Inc., for the period of July through September 1992. ICF KE is providing coal preparation consulting and processing engineering services in this work and they are responsible for recommending the design of models to represent conventional coal cleaning equipment and costing of these models. CQ Inc. is a subcontractor to ICF KE on Tasks I - 5 and is a contractor to AspenTech on Task 6.

The changes made to the Coal Cleaning Simulator during this period were mostly aimed at correcting problems found during the flowsheet validations. one modification was made to the washability interpolation. Prior to interpolation, the feed size distribution is preprocessed by a subroutine which resets the size intervals. That subroutine was changed to ensure that standard screen sizes be used for the size intervals, with only the topsize being the actual user specified size limit. This should prevent problems such as the size range being much wider than that provided by the user (previously, this subroutine would add fine size intervals to the input size range, in some cases). Another change made was the modification of the heavy media cyclone water balance algorithm. Because of the internal calculations of both the amount of media and makeup water required, the water balance was not being made correctly in the case where a feed that was too dilute. The report writer for this model was also modified in order to correctly label the material balances reported. Other changes made were the addition of fifteen coals to the Coal Property Databank, and the referencing of utilities in the screen cost models for operating cost …

This project is sponsored by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) for the ``Engineering Design and Analysis of Advanced Physical Fine Coal Cleaning Technologies. The major goal is to provide the simulation tools for modeling both conventional and advanced coal cleaning technologies. This DOE project is part of a major research initiative by the Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center (PETC) aimed at advancing three advanced coal cleaning technologies-heavy-liquid cylconing, selective agglomeration, and advanced froth flotation through the proof-of-concept (POC) level.

The changes made to the Coal Cleaning Simulator during this period were mostly aimed at correcting problems found during the flowsheet validations. one modification was made to the washability interpolation. Prior to interpolation, the feed size distribution is preprocessed by a subroutine which resets the size intervals. That subroutine was changed to ensure that standard screen sizes be used for the size intervals, with only the topsize being the actual user specified size limit. This should prevent problems such as the size range being much wider than that provided by the user (previously, this subroutine would add fine size intervals to the input size range, in some cases). Another change made was the modification of the heavy media cyclone water balance algorithm. Because of the internal calculations of both the amount of media and makeup water required, the water balance was not being made correctly in the case where a feed that was too dilute. The report writer for this model was also modified in order to correctly label the material balances reported. Other changes made were the addition of fifteen coals to the Coal Property Databank, and the referencing of utilities in the screen cost models for operating cost …

The major goal is to provide the simulation tools for modeling both conventional and advanced coal cleaning technologies. This DOE project is part of a major research initiative by the Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center (PETC) aimed at advancing three advanced coal cleaning technologies- advanced cylconing, selective agglomeration, and advanced froth flotation through the proof-of-concept. The commercially available ASPEN PLUS process simulation package will be extended to handle coal cleaning applications. Algorithms for predicting the process performance, equipment size, and flowsheet economics of commercial coal cleaning devices and related ancillary equipment will be incorporated into the coal cleaning simulator. This report is submitted to document the progress of Aspen Technology Inc. (AspenTech), its contractor, ICF Kaiser Engineers, Inc., (ICF KE) and CQ Inc., for the period of July through September 1992. ICF KE is providing coal preparation consulting and processing engineering services in this work and they are responsible for recommending the design of models to represent conventional coal cleaning equipment and costing of these models. CQ Inc. is a subcontractor to ICF KE on Tasks I - 5 and is a contractor to AspenTech on Task 6.