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Catalytic partial oxidation reforming of hydrocarbon fuels.
The polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) is the primary candidate as the power source for light-duty transportation systems. On-board conversion of fuels (reforming) to supply the required hydrogen has the potential to provide the driving range that is typical of today's automobiles. Petroleum-derived fuels, gasoline or some distillate similar to it, are attractive because of their existing production, distribution, and retailing infrastructure. The fuel may be either petroleum-derived or other alternative fuels such as methanol, ethanol, natural gas, etc. [1]. The ability to use a variety of fuels is also attractive for stationary distributed power generation [2], such as in buildings, or for portable power in remote locations. Argonne National Laboratory has developed a catalytic reactor based on partial oxidation reforming that is suitable for use in light-duty vehicles powered by fuel cells. The reactor has shown the ability to convert a wide variety of fuels to a hydrogen-rich gas at less than 800 C, temperatures that are several hundreds of degrees lower than alternative noncatalytic processes. The fuel may be methanol, ethanol, natural gas, or petroleum-derived fuels that are blends of various hydrocarbons such as paraffins, olefins, aromatics, etc., as in gasoline. This paper will discuss the results obtained …
Date:
September 21, 1998
Creator:
Ahmed, S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Oklahoma Daily (Norman, Okla.), Vol. 83, No. 8, Ed. 1 Friday, August 21, 1998
Student newspaper of the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
August 21, 1998
Creator:
Allam, Heather
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Oklahoma Daily (Norman, Okla.), Vol. 83, No. 28, Ed. 1 Monday, September 21, 1998
Student newspaper of the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
September 21, 1998
Creator:
Allam, Heather
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Oklahoma Daily (Norman, Okla.), Vol. 83, No. 49, Ed. 1 Wednesday, October 21, 1998
Student newspaper of the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
October 21, 1998
Creator:
Allam, Heather
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The coupling of thermochemistry and phase diagrams for group III-V semiconductor systems. Final report
The project was directed at linking the thermochemical properties of III-V compound semiconductors systems with the reported phase diagrams. The solid-liquid phase equilibrium problem was formulated and three approaches to calculating the reduced standard state chemical potential were identified and values were calculated. In addition, thermochemical values for critical properties were measured using solid state electrochemical techniques. These values, along with the standard state chemical potentials and other available thermochemical and phase diagram data, were combined with a critical assessment of selected III-V systems. This work was culminated with a comprehensive assessment of all the III-V binary systems. A novel aspect of the experimental part of this project was the demonstration of the use of a liquid encapsulate to measure component activities by a solid state emf technique in liquid III-V systems that exhibit high vapor pressures at the measurement temperature.
Date:
July 21, 1998
Creator:
Anderson, T. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Solar Heat-Pipe Receiver Wick Modeling
Stirling-cycle engines have been identified as a promising technology for the conversion of concentrated solar energy into usable electrical power. In previous experimented work, we have demonstrated that a heat pipe receiver can significantly improve system performance-over a directly-illuminated heater head. The design and operating conditions of a heat pipe receiver differ significantly from typical laboratory heat pipes. New wick structures have been developed to exploit the characteristics of the solar generation system. Typically, these wick structures allow vapor generation within the wick. Conventional heat pipe models do not handle this enhancement yet it can more than double the performance of the wick. In this study, I develop a steady-state model of a boiling-enhanced wick for a solar heat pipe receiver. The model is used for design-point calculations and is written in FORTRAN90. Some limited comparisons have been made with actual test data.
Date:
December 21, 1998
Creator:
Andraka, C. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Arcadia Round Barn
Photograph of the historic Arcadia Round Barn, off Route 66.
Date:
April 21, 1998
Creator:
Argo, Jim
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Arcadia Round Barn
Photograph of the historic Arcadia Round Barn, off Route 66.
Date:
April 21, 1998
Creator:
Argo, Jim
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Arcadia Round Barn
Photograph of the historic Arcadia Round Barn, off Route 66.
Date:
April 21, 1998
Creator:
Argo, Jim
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Archer County News (Archer City, Tex.), No. 21, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 21, 1998
Weekly newspaper from Archer City, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date:
May 21, 1998
Creator:
Armstrong, Sonny
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
De-alerting of U.S. nuclear forces: a critical appraisal
Since the end of the Cold War, there have been pressures by disarmament advocates to move more quickly to draw down, toward zero, the number of nuclear weapons in U.S. and Russian arsenals. They criticize the process of negotiating arms control agreements as being too slow, and point out that treaty implementation is hampered by the necessity of ratification by the U.S. Senate and Russian Duma. One method of moving more rapidly toward nuclear abolition suggested by some analysts is de-alerting of nuclear-weapon delivery systems. De-alerting is defined as taking steps that increase significantly the time required to launch a given delivery vehicle armed with a nuclear warhead. Although there is little inclination by the U.S. Government to de-alert its nuclear forces at present, some academic literature and press stories continue to advocate such steps. This paper offers a critique of de-alerting proposals together with an assessment of the dangers of accidental, unauthorized, or unintended use of nuclear weapons. It concludes that de-alerting nuclear forces would be extremely de-stabilizing, principally because it would increase the value to an opponent of launching a first strike.
Date:
August 21, 1998
Creator:
Bailey, K. C. & Barish, F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fate of neptunium in an anaerobic, methanogenic microcosm.
Neptunium is found predominantly as Np(IV) in reducing environments, but Np(V) in aerobic environments. However, currently it is not known how the interplay between biotic and abiotic processes affects Np redox speciation in the environment. In order to evaluate the effect of anaerobic microbial activity on the fate of Np in natural systems, Np(V) was added to a microcosminoculated with anaerobic sediments from a metal-contaminated fresh water lake. The consortium included metal-reducing, sulfate-reducing, and methanogenic microorganisms, and acetate was supplied as the only exogenous substrate. Addition of more than 10{sup {minus}5} M Np did not inhibit methane production. Total Np volubility in the active microcosm, as well as in sterilized control samples, decreased by nearly two orders of magnitude. A combination of analytical techniques, including VIS-NIR absorption spectroscopy and XANES, identified Np(IV) as the oxidation state associated with the sediments. The similar results from the active microcosm and the abiotic controls suggest that microbian y produced Mn(II/HI) and Fe(II) may serve as electron donors for Np reduction.
Date:
December 21, 1998
Creator:
Banaszak, J. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
News Bulletin (Castroville, Tex.), Vol. 39, No. 21, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 21, 1998
Weekly newspaper from Castroville, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
May 21, 1998
Creator:
Barnes, Thomas
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Modal Parameter Extraction Using Natural Excitation Response Data
The use of natural excitation response data for the extraction of modal parameters has been an alluring idea for many years, The primary reason is that it offers the real world inputs (both spatial and temporal) and the associated responses of the system without the cost of a complex excitation system. The use of NExT allows for a linear representation of the system at operating levels, which is ideal for predictive linear simulation. The NExT parameter estimation methods have relied on using standard modal parameter extraction routines that do not exploit the special model form of NExT data. A parameter estimation method is developed here that is consistent with the form, thereby providing a more robust estimator in the presence of noise. This paper presents the basic methods used in NExT as well as some of the critical issues when using NExT.
Date:
October 21, 1998
Creator:
Barney, P. & Carne, T.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Determining how magnetic helicity injection really works. Annual progress report
Magnetic helicity injection is the essential process underlying both spheromak formation and helicity injection toroidal current drive in tokamaks (e.g., HIT and NSTX). The dynamical details of the helicity injection process are poorly understood because existing models avoid a dynamic description. In particular, Taylor relaxation, the main model motivating helicity injection efforts, is an argument that predicts the state to which a turbulent magnetic configuration relaxes after all dynamics are over. The goal of the Caltech experiment is to investigate the actual dynamics and topological evolution associated with relaxation and so determine how helicity injection really works. Although the global relaxation model (i.e., Taylor model) typically invokes axisymmetry, simple physical arguments (Cowling`s theorem) show that the detailed dynamics must involve topologically complex, non-axisymmetric processes. Progress for this project is given here.
Date:
October 21, 1998
Creator:
Bellan, P.M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Harper Herald (Harper, Tex.), Vol. 69, No. 66, Ed. 1 Tuesday, April 21, 1998
Weekly newspaper from Harper, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
April 21, 1998
Creator:
Bishop, Karen
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The Harper Herald (Harper, Tex.), Vol. 69, No. 78, Ed. 1 Tuesday, July 21, 1998
Weekly newspaper from Harper, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
July 21, 1998
Creator:
Bishop, Karen
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Hanford Site Environmental Surveillance Data 1997
None
Date:
August 21, 1998
Creator:
Bisping, L. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Derived Intervention Levels for Tritium Based on Food and Drug Administration Methodology
In 1998, the FDA released it recommendations for age-dependent derived intervention levels for several radionuclides involved in nuclear accidents. One radionuclide that is not included in that document is tritium.
Date:
December 21, 1998
Creator:
Blanchard, A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hazard Baseline Downgrade Effluent Treatment Facility
This Hazard Baseline Downgrade reviews the Effluent Treatment Facility, in accordance with Department of Energy Order 5480.23, WSRC11Q Facility Safety Document Manual, DOE-STD-1027-92, and DOE-EM-STD-5502-94. It provides a baseline grouping based on the chemical and radiological hazards associated with the facility. The Determination of the baseline grouping for ETF will aid in establishing the appropriate set of standards for the facility.
Date:
October 21, 1998
Creator:
Blanchard, A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Housing Issues in the 105th Congress
None
Date:
May 21, 1998
Creator:
Bourdon, E. Richard
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Housing Issues in the 105th Congress
This report provides an overview of the housing issues in the 105th congress.
Date:
May 21, 1998
Creator:
Bourdon, Richard
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Chemical Solution Processing of Strontium Bismuth Tantalate Films
We describe Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) processes by which Strontium Bismuth Tantalate (SBT) thin films can be prepared at temperatures as low as 550 C. In this paper, we will present strategies used to optimize the properties of the films including solution chemistry, film composition, the nature of the substrate (or bottom electrode) used, and the thermal processing cycle. Under suitable conditions, {approximately} 1700 {angstrom} films can be prepared which have a large switchable polarization (2P{sub r} > 10{micro}C/cm{sup 2}), and an operating voltage, defined as the voltage at which 0.80 x 2P{sub r} max is switched, 2.0V. We also describe an all-alkoxide route to SBT films from which SBT can be crystallized at 550 C.
Date:
December 21, 1998
Creator:
Boyle, T.J. & Lakeman, C.D.E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Goldthwaite Eagle (Goldthwaite, Tex.), Vol. 104, No. 43, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 21, 1998
Weekly newspaper from Goldthwaite, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
May 21, 1998
Creator:
Bridges, G. Frank & Bridges, Georgie
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History