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Year
Month
Innovative Clean Coal Technology (ICCT): Demonstration of innovative applications of technology for cost reductions to the CT-121 FGD process
The objective of this project is to demonstrate on a commercial scale several innovative applications of cost-reducing technology to the Chiyoda Thoroughbred-121 (CT-121) process. CT-121 is a second generation flue gas desulfurization (FGD) process which is considered by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and Southern Company Services (SCS) to be one of the most reliable and lowest cost FGD options for high-sulfur coal-fired utility boiler applications. Demonstrations of the innovative design approaches will further reduce the cost and provide a clear advantage to CT121 relative to competing technology.
Date:
August 6, 1990
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Enhancing the use of coals by gas reburning-sorbent injection
The objective of this project is to evaluate and demonstrate a cost effective emission control technology for acid rain precursors, oxides of nitrogen (NO{sub x}) and sulfur (SO{sub x}), on two coal fired utility boilers in Illinois. The units selected are representative of pre-NSPS design practices: tangential and cyclone fired. A third unit, wall fired, is on hold'' because of funding limitations. The specific objectives are to demonstrate reductions of 60 percent in NO{sub x} and 50 percent in SO{sub x} emissions, by a combination of two developed technologies, gas reburning (GR) and sorbent injection (SI). With GR, about 80--85 percent of the coal fuel is fired in the primary combustion zone. The balance of this fuel is added downstream as natural gas to create a slightly fuel rich environment in which NO{sub x} is converted to N{sub 2}. The combustion process is completed by overfire air addition. SO{sub x} emissions are reduced by injecting dry sorbents (usually calcium based) into the upper furnace. The sorbents trap SO{sub x} as solid sulfates that are collected in the particulate control device.
Date:
April 16, 1990
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
FLOWTRAN-TF code description
FLOWTRAN-TF is a two-component (air-water), two-phase thermal-hydraulics code designed for performing accident analyses of SRS reactor fuel assemblies during the Emergency Cooling System (ECS) phase of a Double Ended Guillotine Break (DEGB) Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA). This report provides a brief description of the physical models in the version of FLOWTRAN-TF used to compute the Recommended K-Reactor Restart ECS Power Limit. This document is viewed as an interim report and should ultimately be superseded by a comprehensive user/programmer manual. In general, only high level discussions of governing equations and constitutive laws are presented. Numerical implementation of these models, code architecture and user information are not generally covered. A companion document describing code benchmarking is available.
Date:
December 1, 1990
Creator:
Flach, G.P. (ed.)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A 40 mm bore quadrupole magnet for the SSC
A 40 mm bore quadrupole magnet design, called QC'', has been made for the SSC with the following parameters: 208 T/m gradient at 6500A, 2-layer cos 2 {theta}'' winding arrangement with 30 strand cable and one spacer wedge per coil. Structural support is provided by self-supporting interlocking collars; two types of symmetrical laminations are pre-assembled into collar packs for ease of assembly. This paper will describe the design of a prototype quadrupole magnet for the SSC and preliminary tests results on 1 m models. 7 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs.
Date:
September 1, 1990
Creator:
Taylor, C.E.; Barale, P.; Caspi, S.; Dell'Orco, D.; Fritz, D.; Gilbert, W.S. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
H-Area Seepage Basins: Groundwater quality assessment report, Savannah River Site
During the second quarter of 1990 the wells which make up the H-Area Seepage Basins (H-HWMF) monitoring network were sampled. Laboratory analyses were performed to measure levels of hazardous constituents, indicator parameters, tritium, nonvolatile beta, and gross alpha. A Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (GCMS) scan was performed on all wells sampled to determine any hazardous organic constituents present in the groundwater. The primary contaminants observed at wells monitoring the H-Area Seepage Basins are tritium, nitrate, mercury, gross alpha, nonvolatile beta, trichloroethylene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene, lead, cadmium, arsenic, and total radium. Concentrations of at least one of the following constituents: tritium, nitrate, total radium, gross alpha, nonvolatile beta, mercury, lead, cadmium, trichloroethylene chromium, and arsenic in excess of the primary drinking water standard (PDWS) were observed in at least one well monitoring the H-Area Seepage Basins. Elevated levels of tritium above the PDWS were exhibited in seventy-seven of the 105 (73%) groundwater monitoring wells. Elevated levels of nitrate in excess of the PDWS were exhibited in forty-four of the 105 (42%) monitoring wells.
Date:
September 1, 1990
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The TITAN reversed-field-pinch fusion reactor study
This report discusses research on the titan-1 fusion power core. The major topics covered are: titan-1 fusion-power-core engineering; titan-1 divertor engineering; titan-1 tritium systems; titan-1 safety design and radioactive-waste disposal; and titan-1 maintenance procedures.
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Surveillance of 18 Hz and 60 Hz components of ground motion at the APS site
The objectives of this study are to determine the location and source of the 18- and 60-Hz vibration and to eliminate or reduce its amplitude in the APS Facility. To accomplish this it is necessary to know the time of occurrence and then, to utilize triangulation methods to identify the location of the source. It its time sequence is known, it may be possible to correlate it with the operation of some equipment at or near the site. Therefore, a major effort was made to obtain the time sequence and is the basis of this note.
Date:
March 1, 1990
Creator:
Jendrzejczyk, J.A.; Wambsganss, M.W. & Smith, R.K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A first simulation study of the barrel-endcap transition region in a calorimeter of the scintillator tile design
We have made a first study of the calorimetric response to 10 GeV/c charged pions in the transition region between barrel and endcap for the scintillator-tile design pursued at Argonne National Laboratory using the simulation program ANLSIM. For (very nearly) projective tower orientations in the barrel, the crack appears deep within a narrow angular range, causing a loss of the response in that region up to 40%. Pointing the towers onto the beam axis 35 cm or more away from the nominal-interaction point leads to a shortened depth of the barrel-endcap crack as seen by particles incident from the interaction region, cutting the maximum loss down by almost one half. The worsening of the resolution follows the same trend. Introduction of a solenoidal coil in front of the calorimeter causes an overall degradation of the response by an amount nearly comparable to the effect of the crack. Electrons of the same incident momentum are more strongly affected by the coil than pions but see only a much narrower region of degradation by the crack. 15 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs.
Date:
August 24, 1990
Creator:
Proudfoot, J. & Trost, H. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hydrological and geochemical investigations of selenium behavior at Kesterson Reservoir
From 1985 to the present we have studied the behavior of selenium in various habitats and environments at Kesterson reservoir, shifting emphasis as remedial actions altered the physical setting. Investigations have evaluated the efficacy of several remedial alternatives, from innovative techniques relying on the complex geochemical behavior of selenium alternatives, from innovative techniques relying on the complex geochemical behavior of selenium in aquatic environments to conventional excavation schemes. Results of these studies supported two cost-effective remedial measures; drain water deliveries were terminated in 1986 and, in 1988, 1 million cubic yards of soil were imported and used to fill the low lying areas of the former Kesterson Reservoir. To date, these two actions appear to have eliminated the aquatic habitat that caused waterfowl death and deformity at Kesterson from the early 1980's to 1987. Biological, surface water and groundwater monitoring data collected by the USBR indicate that Kesterson is now a much safer environment than in past years when drainage water containing 300{mu}g/l of selenium was delivered to the Reservoir. The continued presence of a large inventory of selenium within the upper portions of unfilled areas of Kesterson Reservoir and immediately below the fill material requires that a continued awareness …
Date:
October 1, 1990
Creator:
Benson, S. M.; Tokunaga, T. K.; Zawislanski, P.; Yee, A. W.; Daggett, J. S.; Oldfather, J. M. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Solidification/stabilization of technetium in cement-based grouts
Mixed low-level radioactive and chemically hazardous process treatment wastes from the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant are stabilized by solidification in cement-based grouts. Conventional portland cement and fly ash grouts have been shown to be effective for retention of hydrolyzable metals (e.g., lead, cadmium, uranium and nickel) but are marginally acceptable for retention of radioactive Tc-99, which is present in the waste as the highly mobile pertechnate anion. Addition of ground blast furnace slag to the grout is shown to reduce the leachability of technetium by several orders of magnitude. The selective effect of slag is believed to be due to its ability to reduce Tc(VII) to the less soluble Tc(IV) species. 12 refs., 4 tabs.
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
Gilliam, T. M.; Bostick, W. D.; Spence, R. D.; Shoemaker, J. L. (Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA); Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant, TN (USA); Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA) et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Mechanical and electromagnetic analysis of 50 millimeter designs for the SSC dipole
Several designs for the Superconducting Super Collider dipole magnet have been analyzed. This note discusses the mechanical and electromagnetic features of each design. Electromagnetic and Mechanical analyses were performed using hand, computer programs and finite element techniques to evaluate the design. 10 refs., 6 figs., 3 tabs.
Date:
September 1, 1990
Creator:
Jayakumar, J.; Leung, K.; Nobrega, F.; Orrell, D.; Sanger, P.; Snitchler, G. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The TITAN reversed-field-pinch fusion reactor study
This report discusses the following topics: overview of titan-2 design; titan-2 fusion-power-core engineering; titan-2 divertor engineering; titan-2 tritium systems; titan-2 safety design and radioactive-waste disposal; and titan-2 maintenance procedures.
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A novel process for manufacture of methanol
A bench-scale reactor is being used to conduct studies of the conversion of synthesis gas to methanol by a novel process. During the last quarter, the effect of operating parameters such as temperature, pressure, feed H{sub 2}/CO ratio and feed flow rate on the MeOH synthesis rate were investigated. The specific rate of MeOH synthesis was found to vary with gas feed rate -- an unexpected result. It is proposed that this is due to the presence of small amounts of an inhibiting agent which accumulates in the liquid at low flow rates. Work also continued on the modification of the experimental equipment to permit on-line monitoring of liquid and gas compositions.
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
Tierney, J.W. & Wender, I.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Establishment and maintenance of a coal sample bank and data base
In the project status report for 4/9/90--7/8/90, Table 2 presented update results of a comparative study of coal sample deterioration in several container types including foil laminate bags. This table contained an erroneous entry (foil laminate bag {minus}20 mesh, alkali extraction 65.4% transmittance). The alkali extraction test on {minus}20 mesh coal stored in foil laminate bags for 52 weeks was repeated in duplicate on another bag (after 64 weeks total storage) resulting in a measurement of 96.2% transmittance. This value has been substituted for the erroneous 65.4% value in the corrected copy of Table 2 enclosed with this report. All values of the alkali extraction and Gieseler fluidity tests indicate that the state of preservation of sample in foil laminate bags is excellent. The samples stored by other methods for comparison purposes all showed significant loss in fluid characteristics. One new whole-seam channel sample of the hvAb Pittsburgh seam coal, DECS-12, was collected July 25, 1990 in Greene County, PA. This sample was placed in 30-gallon steel barrels with high-density lid gaskets and purged with argon at the mine. Upon return to Penn State it was promptly processed so that Gieseler fluidity and other routine analyses could be performed.
Date:
October 24, 1990
Creator:
Davis, A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fundamental studies of catalytic processing of synthetic liquids
This project revolves around understanding the fundamental processes involved in the catalytic removal of harmful oxygenated organics present in coal liquids. We will model the complex type of sulfided Mo catalyst proposed for these reactions with a simple single crystal surfaces that display a controlled range and number of reaction sites and can be extensively characterized by surface science techniques.
Date:
April 10, 1990
Creator:
Watson, P. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Kesterson crisis: Sorting out the facts
The Kesterson Reservoir was planned as a regulating facility to control drainage water discharges into the San Joaquin-Scaramento River Delta from the San Luis Drain'' which was to dispose of salt-ladin agricultural water. Anticipated environmental impacts of the Kesterson operations focused almost exclusively on problems related to seepage and water-logging of nearby lands. Reuse of drainage water for wetlands focused on excessive salinity. Drainage water entered the reservoir in 1978. By 1983 elevated levels of selenium were found with selenium poisoning causing deformed embryos of water birds, adult bird mortality and their poor reproductive success. An estimated 9000 kg of selenium was delivered to Kesterson between 1981 to 1986. This paper details the chronology of the Kesterson crisis and environmental remediation. 20 refs., 1 fig. (BJN)
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Benson, S.M. (Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States)); Delamore, M. & Hoffman, S. (Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, CA (United States). Mid-Pacific Region)
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Arctic hydrology and meteorology
During 1990, we have continued our meteorological and hydrologic data collection in support of our process-oriented research. The six years of data collected to data is unique in its scope and continuity in a North Hemisphere Arctic setting. This valuable data base has allowed us to further our understanding of the interconnections and interactions between the atmosphere/hydrosphere/biosphere/lithosphere. The increased understanding of the heat and mass transfer processes has allowed us to increase our model-oriented research efforts.
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
Kane, D.L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ductile nickel-silicon alloy
An improvement over prior compositions wherein the ductility of Ni-Si alloys are improved with minor alloying additions of hafnium or zirconium.
Date:
August 6, 1990
Creator:
Oliver, W. C.
Object Type:
Patent
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design study of a 7 kW, visible wavelength FEL
The MIT Lincoln Laboratory is investigating the possibility of building a free electron laser (FEL) operating at an average power of about 7 kW at wavelengths of 500--600 nm. Additional specifications for the FEL include a bandwidth of less than 0.1 cm{sup {minus}1} and a micropulse separation of less than 10 ns. The design study has investigated the basic design parameters of the FEL including an analysis of the electron accelerator, beam line, wiggler and optical cavity. A nonlinear model of the FEL has been used to calculate the FEL gain and efficiency. The required output power appears achievable from an FEL operating at more than 1% efficiency with a conventional RF accelerator. Details of the FEL design are presented in this report which represent the final report for the year from September 1, 1989 to August 31, 1990. 28 refs., 13 figs., 5 tabs.
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
Chen, S.C.; Danly, B.G.; Temkin, R.J.; Wurtele, J. & Yang, B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
R. D. Program for Hadron Calorimetry for the Superconducting Super Collider
This report discusses the research and development on the hadron shower counter for the superconducting super collider. (LSP)
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
Paar, H. P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Front-end electronics development for the SSC
This is a status report on electronics development undertaken by the Front-End Electronics Collaboration. The overall goal of the collaboration remains the development by 1992 of complete, architecturally compatible, front end electronic systems for calorimeter, wire drift chamber, and silicon strip readout. We report here a few highlights to give a brief overview of the work underway. Performance requirements and capabilities, selected architectures, circuit designs and test results are presented. 13 refs., 21 figs., 1 tab.
Date:
December 1, 1990
Creator:
Levi, M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Annual review of cultural resource investigations by the Savannah River Archaeological Research Program, fiscal year 1990
The Savannah River Archaeological Research Program (SRARP) of the South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina, is funded through a direct contract with the United States Department of Energy to provide services required under federal law for the protection and management of archaeological resources on the Savannah River Site (SRS). Because the significance of most archaeological resources is dependent upon research potential, the SRARP is guided by research objectives. An on-going research program provides the problems, methods and means of assessing site significance within the compliance process specified by law. In addition, the SRARP maintains an active program of public education to disseminate knowledge about prehistory and history, and to enhance public awareness about historic preservation. The following report summarizes the management, research and public education activities of the SRARP during Fiscal Year 1990.
Date:
November 1, 1990
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nonadiabatic geometric phases of multiphoton transitions in dissipative systems and spin-j systems
We present new developments in nonadiabatic geometric phases along two lines for systems undergoing changes of quantum state in intense fields. We first present a geometric representation of the non-Hermitian Schrodinger equation and introduce the notion of a complex multiphoton Aharonov-Anandan (AA) phase associated with dissipative two-level systems driven by periodic fields. The concept is further extended to include field modulation effects. We then develop the AA phase for spin-j systems in periodic fields and find conditions for cyclic evolution for general multi-level systems. In both cases, generalizations of the Floquet formalism lead to general analytical expressions for geometric phases that can be tested by experiments. 16 refs., 5 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
Layton, E.G. & Chu, Shih-I.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The TITAN reversed-field-pinch fusion reactor study
This paper on titan plasma engineering contains papers on the following topics: reversed-field pinch as a fusion reactor; parametric systems studies; magnetics; burning-plasma simulations; plasma transient operations; current drive; and physics issues for compact RFP reactors.
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library