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The African Lion: George Napier Perkins, Lawyer, Politician, Editor (open access)

The African Lion: George Napier Perkins, Lawyer, Politician, Editor

Article describes the life and career of George Napier Perkins, a lawyer, politician, and newspaper editor who advocated black quality in early territorial Oklahoma. Nudie E. Williams elaborates on his beliefs that Oklahoma held potential for a better future for black citizens of the U.S.
Date: Winter 1992
Creator: Williams, Nudie E.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Agriculture in the Oklahoma Panhandle 1898-1942 (open access)

Agriculture in the Oklahoma Panhandle 1898-1942

Article describes the history of agricultural activity in the Oklahoma Panhandle and some of the people groups that settled there. W David Baird includes details about historic buildings that contributed to agricultural development, such as granaries, barns, and ranches.
Date: Summer 1994
Creator: Baird, W. David
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Alice Lee Elliott Memorial Academy: A School for Choctaw Freedmen (open access)

Alice Lee Elliott Memorial Academy: A School for Choctaw Freedmen

Article explores the history of Oak Hill Industrial Academy (also known as Alice Lee Elliott Memorial Academy) one of the only schools that provided education to Choctaw freedmen and other black citizens in the area of Valliant, Oklahoma. Joy McDougal Smith traces the history of the school, from its establishment to closing, and includes details about the people who taught and studied there.
Date: Autumn 1994
Creator: Smith, McDougal Joy
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Alice's Restaurant: Expanding a Woman's Sphere (open access)

Alice's Restaurant: Expanding a Woman's Sphere

Article describes the life and career of Alice Mary Robertson, the second woman elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, and the first congresswoman of Oklahoma. Maitreyi Mazumdar discusses Roberts own ideology and beliefs, which included the idea of women belonging in the home, and how it impacted her political stance.
Date: Autumn 1992
Creator: Mazumdar, Maitreyi
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
All that Glitters, Assaying S. H. Logan's "Trip to the Gold Fields" (open access)

All that Glitters, Assaying S. H. Logan's "Trip to the Gold Fields"

Article provides a thorough examination of S.H. Logan's "Trip to the Gold Fields," an account allegedly compiled from the writings of an emigrant who had joined Captain Randolph B. Marcy on a gold-seeking expedition to California, which was published in the Arkansas Gazette in 1941. Since it has been cited as a primary source, Stephen H. Dew exposes certain areas of the account that may be fabricated in comparison to more factual and evidentiary sources.
Date: Autumn 1993
Creator: Dew, Stephen H.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Altus Air Force Base: Sentinel of Southwest Oklahoma (open access)

Altus Air Force Base: Sentinel of Southwest Oklahoma

Article describes the efforts of city officials to institute a flight training center at Altus, Oklahoma, and the resulting success of Altus Army Air Field and its training initiatives, particularly its contribution in training pilots for World War II combat.
Date: Autumn 1997
Creator: Kelley, Leo
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Amongst the Damp: The Dangerous Profession of Coal Mining in Oklahoma, 1870-1935 (open access)

Amongst the Damp: The Dangerous Profession of Coal Mining in Oklahoma, 1870-1935

Article explores the dangerous coal mining profession in Oklahoma from the late nineteenth to early twentieth century. Steve Sewell provides details about major mining accidents, as well as the terminology miners used to describe the "damps," or noxious gases that threatened their safety.
Date: Spring 1992
Creator: Sewell, Steven L.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Architecture and Hospitality: Ceremonial Ground Camps and Foodways of the Yuchi Indians (open access)

Architecture and Hospitality: Ceremonial Ground Camps and Foodways of the Yuchi Indians

Article discusses the history of the Yuchi tribe and their current practices through examination of their ceremonial ground camps. Jason Baird Jackson provides a detailed portrait of the people group and their daily lives.
Date: Summer 1998
Creator: Jackson, Jason Baird
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Ardent Spirits among the Chickasaws and Choctaws, 1816-1856 (open access)

Ardent Spirits among the Chickasaws and Choctaws, 1816-1856

Article illustrates the damaging effects of the whiskey trade on the tribes of Indian Territory, and their efforts to prevent further addiction to the "ardent spirits." Jerry G. Hayes focuses on the impact on the Chickasaw and Choctaw tribes, the leaders that promoted the temperance movement, and provides historical context for the issue.
Date: Autumn 1991
Creator: Hayes, Jerry G.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Are There Real Indians in Oklahoma? Historical Perceptions of The Five Civilized Tribes (open access)

Are There Real Indians in Oklahoma? Historical Perceptions of The Five Civilized Tribes

Article describes the history of the "Five Civilized Tribes" who advocated for assimilation with whites during Oklahoma's territorial period. W. David Baird explores the identity crisis these tribes faced in the eyes of the public and explores related literature.
Date: Spring 1990
Creator: Baird, W. David
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Baffles, Bridges, and Bermuda: Oklahoma Indians and the Civil Conservation Corps-Indian Division (open access)

Baffles, Bridges, and Bermuda: Oklahoma Indians and the Civil Conservation Corps-Indian Division

Article describes the work of the Indian Division of the New Deal's relief labor group, the Civilian Conservation Corps, and their efforts to improve conservation of land during the Great Depression.
Date: Winter 1999
Creator: Hanneman, Carolyn G.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Bamboo Bombers over Oklahoma: USAAF Pilot Training during World War II (open access)

Bamboo Bombers over Oklahoma: USAAF Pilot Training during World War II

Article discusses the flight schools in Oklahoma that left an impact on U.S. Army Air Force history by training pilots for participation in World War II. Leo Kelley includes recollections from the pilots who trained in these schools to create a portrait of the experience.
Date: Winter 1990
Creator: Kelley, Leo
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Battle Cry for History: The First Century of the Oklahoma Historical Society (open access)

Battle Cry for History: The First Century of the Oklahoma Historical Society

Article describes the history of the Oklahoma Historical Society, from its collection activities, funding, preservation projects and ownership of historic sites, to the development of The Chronicles of Oklahoma and the Oklahoma History Center.
Date: Winter 1992
Creator: Blackburn, Bob L.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Best City in the Best Country: Enid's Golden Ear, 1916-1941 (open access)

The Best City in the Best Country: Enid's Golden Ear, 1916-1941

Article explores the "golden era" of Enid, Oklahoma, exploring the factors that contributed to its rise as one of the most prosperous cities in the region, which included the construction of railroads and the impact of the oil industry.
Date: Summer 1998
Creator: Turner, Alvin O. & Gailey, Vicky L.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Black Brush of Hatred: The KKK on Trial in Altus (open access)

Black Brush of Hatred: The KKK on Trial in Altus

Article describes the growth of the Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s in response to the changes in society after World War I. Leo Kelley focuses on the violence in Altus, Oklahoma, and how citizens deemed "immoral" or who refused to cooperate with the organization were "painted black with the brush of hatred".
Date: Spring 1994
Creator: Kelley, Leo
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Braden Site: WPA Excavations at a Plains Village (open access)

The Braden Site: WPA Excavations at a Plains Village

Article describes the results of the 1937 and 1941 Works Progress Administration excavations of the Braden Site on the Washita River. Robert L. Brooks explains the evidence related to the Southern Plains villagers who had settled there between 800 and 1500 A.D.
Date: Summer 1992
Creator: Brooks, Robert L.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Building a Life: Culture, Society, and Leisure in the Cherokee Outlet (open access)

Building a Life: Culture, Society, and Leisure in the Cherokee Outlet

Article discusses not only the turmoil of the 1893 land run, but the struggle homesteaders faced to build a new life. Kenny L. Brown provides commentary about the evolution of attitudes in the Cherokee Outlet and the establishment of towns there, as well as the eventual creation of leisure activities and celebrations.
Date: Summer 1993
Creator: Brown, Kenny L.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Butternut and Blue: Confederate Uniforms in the Trans-Mississippi (open access)

Butternut and Blue: Confederate Uniforms in the Trans-Mississippi

Article describes the issues faced by the Confederate Army when their government could not supply uniforms for the troops while they were in the field, contributing to their ragtag appearance. Whit Edwards dwells on some of the difficulties this caused, including the yellowed look of unlaundered uniforms creating the "butternut" nickname for troops.
Date: Winter 1995
Creator: Edwards, Whit
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Camille Nixdorf Phelan: Oklahoma Quiltmaker (open access)

Camille Nixdorf Phelan: Oklahoma Quiltmaker

Article describes the life of Camille Nixdorf Phelan, an Oklahoma quiltmaker who created beautifully detailed quilts portraying aspects of Oklahoma's history. Dorothy Cozart chronicles the process of this creation in honor of the donation of one of these quilts in 1943.
Date: Winter 1994
Creator: Cozart, Dorothy
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Capitol Townsite Historic District: Guthrie, Oklahoma (open access)

Capitol Townsite Historic District: Guthrie, Oklahoma

Article describes the period of historic preservation in the 1980s in Guthrie, Oklahoma to restore the downtown area. Charles L. W. Leider discusses resource surveys of the area and recommendations for preservation of the Victorian-style architecture.
Date: Winter 1990
Creator: Leider, Charles L. W.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Carl Albert Collection: Resources Relating to Indian Policy, 1963-1968 (open access)

The Carl Albert Collection: Resources Relating to Indian Policy, 1963-1968

Article discusses the career of Oklahoma's Third District congressmen Carl Albert and the contents of the Carl Albert collection related to federal American Indian policy. W. Dale Mason explores how Albert helped to improve relations between the federal government and the tribes of Oklahoma during the 1960s and includes an appendix of the names of political figures involved.
Date: Winter 1993
Creator: Mason, W. Dale
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Case of the Wandering Wobblie: The State of Oklahoma v. Arthur Berg (open access)

The Case of the Wandering Wobblie: The State of Oklahoma v. Arthur Berg

Article follows the court case of the State of Oklahoma v. Arthur Berg, who was accused as being guilty of radicalism as a part of the Industrial Workers of the World, an international labor union. Von Russell Creel describes the proceedings and the atmosphere of Oklahoma in the early 1920s against radical unionism.
Date: Winter 1995
Creator: Creel, Von Russell
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Cathedrals of the Plains: The Grain Elevators of Western Oklahoma (open access)

Cathedrals of the Plains: The Grain Elevators of Western Oklahoma

Article explores the history of the development of commercial agriculture in Oklahoma through discussion of its grain elevators. W. David Baird identifies the structures as more than just industrial landmarks: the also represent the history and culture of the Plains.
Date: Spring 1992
Creator: Baird, W. David
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Cherokee Sovereignty in the Gilded Age: The Outlet Question (open access)

Cherokee Sovereignty in the Gilded Age: The Outlet Question

Article illustrates the history of the Cherokee tribe in the Cherokee Outlet, and the conflicts and disputes that led to the leasing of land in the area. H. Craig Miner investigates the stake white settlers and businessmen wanted in the area, and how the issue was perceived by the Cherokee public.
Date: Summer 1993
Creator: Miner, H. Craig
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History