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Fabrication of high-density cantilever arrays and through-wafer interconnects (open access)

Fabrication of high-density cantilever arrays and through-wafer interconnects

Processes to fabricate dense, dry released microstructures with electrical connections on the opposite side of the wafer are described. A 10 x 10 array of silicon and polysilicon cantilevers with high packing density (5 tips/mm<sup>2</sup>) and high uniformity (<10 µm length variation across the wafer) are demonstrated. The cantilever release process uses a deep SF<sub>6</sub>/C<sub>4</sub>F<sub>8</sub>, plasma etch followed by a HBr plasma etch to accurately release cantilevers. A process for fabricating electrical contacts through the backside of the wafer is also described. Electrodeposited resist, conformal CVD metal deposition and deep SF<sub>6</sub>/C<sub>4</sub>F<sub>8</sub> plasma etching are used to make 30 µm/side square vias each of which has a resistance of 50 m(omega).
Date: November 3, 1998
Creator: A. Harley, J.; Abdollahi-Alibeik, S.; Chow, E. M.; Kenney, T. W.; McCarthy, A. M.; McVittie, J. P. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Holocene Paleohydrology of the tropical andes from lake records (open access)

Holocene Paleohydrology of the tropical andes from lake records

Two century-scale time series in northern Bolivia constrain the ages of abrupt changes in the physical, geochemical, and biological characteristics of sediments obtained from lakes that formed during deglaciation from the late Pleistocene glacial maximum. The watersheds of Laguna Viscachani (16{degrees}12`S, 68{degrees}07`W, 3780m) and Lago Taypi Chaka Kkota (16{degrees}13`S, 68{degrees}21`W, 4300m), located on the eastern and western slopes of the Cordillera Real, respectively, contain small cirque glaciers. A high-resolution chronology of the lake sediments is provided by 23 AMS {sup 14}C dates of discrete macro-fossils. Late Pleistocene glaciers retreated rapidly, exposing the lake basins between 10,700 and 9700 {sup 14}C yr B.P. The sedimentary facies suggest that after 8900 {sup 14}C B.P. glaciers were absent from the watersheds and remained so during the middle Holocene. An increase in the precipitation-evaporation balance is indicated above unconformities dated to about 2300 {sup 14}C yr B.P. in both Lago Taypi Chaka Kkota and Laguna Viscachani. An abrupt increase in sediment accumulation rated after 1400 {sup 14}C yr B.P. signals the onset of Neoglaciation. A possible link exists between the observed millennial-scale shifts in the regional precipitation- evaporation balance and seasonal shifts in tropical insolation.
Date: March 3, 1997
Creator: Abbott, M. B., LLNL
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
An Improved Direct Measurement of Leptonic Coupling Asymmetries with Polarized Z{sup 0}'s (open access)

An Improved Direct Measurement of Leptonic Coupling Asymmetries with Polarized Z{sup 0}'s

We report new direct measurements of the Z{sup 0}-lepton coupling asymmetry parameters A{sub e}, A{sub {mu}} and A{sub r}, with polarized Z{sup 0}'s collected by the SLD detector at the SLAC Linear Collider. The parameters are extracted from the measurement of the left-right-forward-backward asymmetries for each lepton species. The 1996, 1997 and 1998 SLD runs are included in this analysis and combined with published data from the 1993-95 runs. Preliminary results are A{sub e} = 0.1558 {+-} 0.0064, A{sub {mu}} = 0.137 {+-} 0.016 and A{sub {tau}} = 0.142 {+-} 0.016. If lepton universality is assumed, a combined asymmetry parameter A{sub l} = 0.1523 {+-} 0.0057 results. This translates into an effective weak mixing angle sin{sup 2} {theta}{sub W}{sup eff} = 0.23085 {+-} 0.00073 at the Z{sup 0} resonance.
Date: August 3, 1999
Creator: Abe, Toshinori
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
[RE: Fact Sheets] (open access)

[RE: Fact Sheets]

Photocopy of a memo from Julie Abel, program associate of the Getty Center for Education in the Arts, to the Regional Institute Directors. The memo is in regards to Abel's request of one-page fact sheets from the directors 1994 summer institutes since they have completed.The fact sheets are due to the Center's office, Thursday, September 23.
Date: September 3, 1993
Creator: Abel, Julie
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Letter to Phillip C. Diebel from Julie Anne Abel - September 3, 1996] (open access)

[Letter to Phillip C. Diebel from Julie Anne Abel - September 3, 1996]

A letter to Phillip C. Diebel from Julie Anne Abel regarding a grant check from the Getty Education Institute for the Arts to the North Texas Institute for Educators on the Visual Arts (NTIEVA).
Date: September 3, 1996
Creator: Abel, Julie A.
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
The ATLAS level 2 trigger supervisor. (open access)

The ATLAS level 2 trigger supervisor.

This paper presents an overview of the hardware and software proposed for the ATLAS level 2 Trigger ROI Builder/Supervisor. The essential requirements of this system are that it operate at the design Level 1 Trigger rate of 100kHz and that it support the technical requirements of the architectures suggested for the ATLAS Level 2 Trigger. Commercial equipment and software support are used to the maximum extent possible, with support from dedicated hardware. Timing requirements and latencies are discussed and simulation results are presented.
Date: April 3, 1997
Creator: Abolins, M.; Blair, R. E.; Dawson, J. W.; Owen, D.; Pope, B. G.; Schlereth, J. L. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of compression behavior of a [011] Ta single crystal with orientation imaging microscopy and crystal plasticity (open access)

Analysis of compression behavior of a [011] Ta single crystal with orientation imaging microscopy and crystal plasticity

High-purity tantalum single crystal cylinders oriented with [011] parallel to the cylinder axis were deformed 10, 20, and 30 percent in compression. The engineering stress-strain curve exhibited an up-turn at strains greater than {approximately}20% while the samples took on an ellipsoidal shape during testing, elongated along the [100] direction with almost no dimensional change along [0{bar 1}1]. Two orthogonal planes were selected for characterization using Orientation Imaging Microscopy (OIM): one plane containing [100] and [011] (longitudinal) and the other in the plane containing [0{bar 1}1] and [011] (transverse). OIM revealed patterns of alternating crystal rotations that develop as a function of strain and exhibit evolving length scales. The spacing and magnitude of these alternating misorientations increases in number density and decreases in spacing with increasing strain. Classical crystal plasticity calculations were performed to simulate the effects of compression deformation with and without the presence of friction. The calculated stress-strain response, local lattice reorientations, and specimen shape are compared with experiment.
Date: February 3, 1999
Creator: Adams, B. L.; Campbell, G. H.; King, W. E.; Lassila, D. H.; Stolken, J. S.; Sun, S. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Clipping: A dream fulfilled] (open access)

[Clipping: A dream fulfilled]

A newspaper clipping regarding the appointment of a gay judge.
Date: July 3, 1992
Creator: Adams, Lorraine
Object Type: Clipping
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Paducah Post (Paducah, Tex.), Vol. 84, No. 33, Ed. 1 Wednesday, October 3, 1990 (open access)

The Paducah Post (Paducah, Tex.), Vol. 84, No. 33, Ed. 1 Wednesday, October 3, 1990

Weekly newspaper from Paducah, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 3, 1990
Creator: Adams, Patty
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
ATLAS parameter study (open access)

ATLAS parameter study

The purpose of this study is to make an independent assessment on the parameters chosen for the ATLAS capacitor bank at LANL. The contractor will perform a study of the basic pulsed power parameters of the ATLAS device with baseline functional parameters of >25 MA implosion current and <2.5 microsecond current risetime. Nominal circuit parameters held fixed will be the 14 nH from the vacuum interface to the load, and the nominal load impedances of 1 milliohm for slow loads and 10 milliohms for fast loads. Single Ended designs, as opposed to bipolar designs, will be studied in detail. The ATLAS pulsed power design problem is about inductance. The reason that a 36 MJ bank is required is that such a bank has enough individual capacitors so that the parallel inductance is acceptably low. Since about half the inductance is in the bank, and the inductance and time constant of the submodules is fixed, the variation of output with a given parameter will generally be a weak one. In general, the dl/dt calculation demonstrates that for the real system inductances, 700 kV is the optimum voltage for the bank to drive X-ray loads. The optimum is broad, and there is …
Date: September 3, 1994
Creator: Adler, R.J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Boron-enhanced diffusion of boron from ultralow-energy boron implantation (open access)

Boron-enhanced diffusion of boron from ultralow-energy boron implantation

The authors have investigated the diffusion enhancement mechanism of BED (boron enhanced diffusion), wherein the boron diffusivity is enhanced three to four times over the equilibrium diffusivity at 1,050 C in the proximity of a silicon layer containing a high boron concentration. It is shown that BED is associated with the formation of a fine-grain polycrystalline silicon boride phase within an initially amorphous Si layer having a high B concentration. For 0.5 keV B{sup +}, the threshold implantation dose which leads to BED lies between 3 {times} 10{sup 14} and of 1 {times} 10{sup 15}/cm{sup {minus}2}. Formation of the shallowest possible junctions by 0.5 keV B{sup +} requires that the implant dose be kept lower than this threshold.
Date: May 3, 1998
Creator: Agarwal, A.; Eaglesham, D.J.; Gossmann, H.J.; Pelaz, L.; Herner, S.B.; Jacobson, D.C. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Atomic electron correlations in intense laser fields (open access)

Atomic electron correlations in intense laser fields

Abstract. This talk examines two distinct cases in strong opbical fields where electron correlation plays an important role in the dynamic.s. In the first. example, strong coupling in a two-electron-like system is manifested as an intensity-dependent splitting in the ionized electron energy distribution. This two-electron phenomenon (dubbed continuum-continuum Autler-Townes effect) is analogous to a strongly coupled two- level, one-electron atom but raises some intriguing questions regarding the exact nature of electron-electron correlation. The second case examines the evidence for two-electron ionization in the strong-field tunneling limit. Although our ability to describe the one- electron dynamics has obtained a quantitative level of understanding, a description of the two (multiple) electron ionization remains unc
Date: September 3, 1998
Creator: Agostini, P. A.; DiMauro, L. F.; Kulander, K.; Sheehy, B. & Walker, B.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Photograph 2012.201.B0309B.0450]

Photograph used for a newspaper owned by the Oklahoma Publishing Company. Caption: "Rev. W. k. Jackson"
Date: March 3, 1993
Creator: Albright, Bob
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B0956.0606]

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Preparing for the Fair are, from left Verna Brown, Kenneth O'Hagon and Judy Allen."
Date: April 3, 1994
Creator: Albright, Bob
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Comparison of the total cross sections measurements of CDF and E811 (open access)

Comparison of the total cross sections measurements of CDF and E811

The total cross section at {radical}s = 1.8 TeV has been measured by three groups (CDF, E710, and E811). We think that CDF should quote results based only on our own measurement. We also indicate how to compare cross sections measured by both CDF and D0.
Date: March 3, 1999
Creator: Albrow, M.; Beretvas, A.; Nodulman, L. & Giromini, P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
ISCR annual report FY 1998 (open access)

ISCR annual report FY 1998

Advances in scientific computing research have never been more vital to the core missions of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory than they are today. These advances are evolving so rapidly, and over such a broad front of computational science, that to remain on the leading edge, the Laboratory must collaborate with many academic centers of excellence. In FY 1998, ISCR dramatically expanded its interactions with academia through collaborations, visiting faculty, guests and a seminar series. The pages of this annual report summarize the activities of the 63 faculty members and 34 students who participated in ISCR collaborative activities during FY 1998. The 1998 ISCR call for proposals issued by the University Collaborative Research Program (UCRP) resulted in eight awards made by the University of California Office of the President to research teams at UC San Diego, UC Davis, UC Los Angeles, and UC Berkeley. These projects are noted. ISCR is now part of the Laboratory�s Center for Applied Scientific Computing (CASC). Many CASC scientists participate actively in ISCR�University collaborations, as noted. The eight collaborations shown represent innovative research efforts supported by ISCR in FY 1998. Abstracts discussing each of these collaborations begin on page 79. The Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative (ASCI) …
Date: May 3, 1999
Creator: Alchorn, A & Fitzgerald, J M
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 90, No. 31, Ed. 1 Wednesday, August 3, 1994 (open access)

The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 90, No. 31, Ed. 1 Wednesday, August 3, 1994

Weekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: August 3, 1994
Creator: Aldridge, Leon
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 91, No. 18, Ed. 1 Wednesday, May 3, 1995 (open access)

The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 91, No. 18, Ed. 1 Wednesday, May 3, 1995

Weekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 3, 1995
Creator: Aldridge, Leon
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 93, No. 79, Ed. 1 Friday, October 3, 1997 (open access)

The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 93, No. 79, Ed. 1 Friday, October 3, 1997

Semiweekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 3, 1997
Creator: Aldridge, Leon
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 92, No. 27, Ed. 1 Friday, May 3, 1996 (open access)

The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 92, No. 27, Ed. 1 Friday, May 3, 1996

Semiweekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 3, 1996
Creator: Aldridge, Leon & D'Amico, Rob
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 92, No. 62, Ed. 1 Tuesday, September 3, 1996 (open access)

The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 92, No. 62, Ed. 1 Tuesday, September 3, 1996

Semiweekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: September 3, 1996
Creator: Aldridge, Leon & D'Amico, Rob
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 92, No. 88, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 3, 1996 (open access)

The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 92, No. 88, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 3, 1996

Semiweekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 3, 1996
Creator: Aldridge, Leon & D'Amico, Rob
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 93, No. 1, Ed. 1 Friday, January 3, 1997 (open access)

The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 93, No. 1, Ed. 1 Friday, January 3, 1997

Semiweekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 3, 1997
Creator: Aldridge, Leon & D'Amico, Rob
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 93, No. 44, Ed. 1 Tuesday, June 3, 1997 (open access)

The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 93, No. 44, Ed. 1 Tuesday, June 3, 1997

Semiweekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: June 3, 1997
Creator: Aldridge, Leon & D'Amico, Rob
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History