Use of molybdenum ion source electrodes at RTNS-II (open access)

Use of molybdenum ion source electrodes at RTNS-II

Reports are reported for an ongoing effort to optimize D+ beam production by the MATS-III ion source used at RTNS-II. The three seven-aperture electrodes, originally consisting of water-cooled copper, have now been tested using uncooled molybdenum and with water cooling on the second (decel) electrode only. Details of the change, the results of the testing, and the benefits in operation, performance and cost are given.
Date: September 29, 1986
Creator: Massoletti, D.J.; Harter, G.A. & Heikkinen, D.W.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Development of a mathematical model of a packed column for benzene removal from salt solutions (open access)

Development of a mathematical model of a packed column for benzene removal from salt solutions

A mathematical model of a packed column was developed to describe the removal of benzene from radioactive salt solutions at the Savannah River Site. The model was developed from existing, generalized mass transfer correlations for randomly dumped packing, and the correlations were adapted for structured packing. Thermophysical data specific to the solutions of interest were incorporated into the model. Verification of the code was completed using operating data from stripping columns at other locations.
Date: January 1, 1989
Creator: Georgeton, G.K.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Testing program for determining the mechanical properties of concrete to temperatures of 621/sup 0/C (open access)

Testing program for determining the mechanical properties of concrete to temperatures of 621/sup 0/C

Concrete temperatures in a Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor (LMFBR) in excess of normal code limits can result from postulated large sodium spills in equipment cells. Elevated temperature concrete property data which may have application for providing a basis for the design and evaluation of such postulated accident conditions is limited. Data thus needed to be developed commensurate with LMFBR plant applications for critical physical and mechanical concrete properties under prototypic thermal accident conditions. A test program was conducted to define the variations in physical and mechanical properties of a limestone aggregate concrete and a lightweight insulating concrete exposed to elevated temperatures. Five test series were conducted: unconfined compression, shear, rebar bond, sustained loading (creep), and thermal properties. Testing procedures for determining the mechanical properties of concrete from ambient to 621/sup 0/C (1150/sup 0/F) are described. Ther thermal properties tests are discussed in a separate paper which is also being presented at this conference.
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Oland, C.B.; Naus, D.J. & Robinson, G.C.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Structure functions: Their status and implications (open access)

Structure functions: Their status and implications

I discuss the current status of structure functions. Attention is given to the uncertainties in them and the implications of these uncertainties for experimental predictions. I indicate which experiments are capable of removing these uncertainties. 17 refs., 17 figs., 1 tab.
Date: September 29, 1988
Creator: Hinchliffe, I.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Survey of helium in soil gases of Long Valley, Califorina (open access)

Survey of helium in soil gases of Long Valley, Califorina

Soil and water samples in and around the Long Valley geothermal area, Mono County, California, were collected and analyzed for helium by means of a modified mass spectrometer leak detector to see what relationship helium concentrations might have to geothermal features of the area, and to previously studied mercury anomalies in the area. Anomalously high concentrations of helium occurred over part of a major Sierra Nevada frontal fault and over other faults outside of the caldera. Anomalously low concentrations of helium occurred in several areas of high mercury concentrations, which were also areas of hydrothermal alteration. Quantities of helium exsolved from water samples did not fit any pattern.
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Hinkle, M. E. & Kilburn, J. E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Boundary element formulation for planar time-dependent inelastic deformation of plates with cutouts (open access)

Boundary element formulation for planar time-dependent inelastic deformation of plates with cutouts

A boundary element formulation for planar, time-dependent, inelastic deformation problems for bodies with cutouts is presented in this paper. A stress function description for these nonlinear problems leads to a nonhomogeneous biharmonic equation for the stress function rate. An integral representation of the solution uses modified kernels which guarantee that the cutout boundary is traction free for all time. This incorporation of the effect of the cutout on the stress field into the kernels leads to an accurate determination of stresses in the near field of the cutout. Illustrative analytical examples for circular plates with circular cutouts are presented in this paper. In a companion paper, numerical solutions are presented for problems of finite plates with very narrow elliptic cutouts. These problems are of considerable importance in inelastic fracture.
Date: February 1, 1980
Creator: Mukherjee, S. & Morjaria, M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Neutron environment in d + Li facilities (open access)

Neutron environment in d + Li facilities

A microscopic d + Li neutron yield model has been developed based upon classical models and experimental data. Using equations suggested by the Serber and evaporation models, a generalized least squares adjustment procedure generated angular yields for E/sub d/ to 40 MeV using the available experimental data. The HEDL-UCD experiment at E/sub d/ = 35 was used to adjust parameters describing the neutron spectra. The model is used to predict yields, spectra, and damage responses in the FMIT Test Cell.
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Mann, F. M.; Schmittroth, F. & Carter, L. L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Comprehensive energy-management program. Hybrid photovoltaic/thermal absorber. Annual report, September 1, 1980-December 31, 1981 (open access)

Comprehensive energy-management program. Hybrid photovoltaic/thermal absorber. Annual report, September 1, 1980-December 31, 1981

Research work was done during the reporting period on the two-part research program: (A) to improve energy conservation through increased unit and system efficiencies, energy management, and system optimization, and (B) to develop a novel, low-cost hybrid photovoltaic/thermal absorber. Performance tests were conducted on all the boilers and chillers on campus. Several corrective measures were indicated and implemented. A detailed survey of energy use by functions and consumption/demand study has been in progress. A preliminary computer simulation model of the entire campus has been developed and made operational. It has been demonstrated both analytically and experimentally that the reradiation losses from the absorber can be reduced significantly by utilizing a light-pipe absorber. Two paraboloidal dishes, one of 6 ft diameter and the other of 20 ft diameter have been utilized. Collector efficiencies have been measured at coolant outlet temperatures up to 282/sup 0/C with a square light-pipe absorber and with 6 ft diameter concentrator. Laser ray testing was conducted on both the 6 ft and 20 ft diameter concentrators. Design of the total energy absorber has been completed.
Date: December 1, 1981
Creator: Kumar, G. N.; Sellers, J. P. & Dybczak, Z. W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Extracted current densities from surface conversion sources of negative ions (open access)

Extracted current densities from surface conversion sources of negative ions

The condition for extracting a maximum negative ion current density is found when the product of the radius of the negative ion conversion electrode, the cross-section for negative and positive ion recombination, and the density of positive ions in the ion source equals one. The optimum output is obtained at the highest positive ion density and the smallest electrode radius.
Date: February 10, 1982
Creator: Fink, J.H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Establishment of viscometer capability for geopressured fluids. Project 61024 final report, November 19, 1978-December 31, 1979 (open access)

Establishment of viscometer capability for geopressured fluids. Project 61024 final report, November 19, 1978-December 31, 1979

The feasibility of modifying the IGT capillary viscometer for the measurement of methane-saturated brines at 10,000 psi and 200/sup 0/C was evaluated. The viscometer was cleaned, modified, reassembled and pressure treated. The density cells were calibrated to a precision of approximately 7%. The viscosity of pure value was measured and the best value obtained was 6% below values reported in the literature. The operation of the viscometer was time-consuming and required meticulous cleaning between experiments. Some corrosion at the mercury surface interfered with the efficient operation of the timing device. Other problems were encountered due to gas bubbles trapped in the capillary flow path. Consequently, data on methane-saturated brine could not be obtained within the funding limitations of this program. It is concluded that further work on the existing viscometer would not be cost-effective.
Date: October 1, 1980
Creator: Rockar, E. & Randolph, P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Organic components of nuclear wastes and their potential for altering radionuclide distribution when released to soil (open access)

Organic components of nuclear wastes and their potential for altering radionuclide distribution when released to soil

Normal waste processing at the Hanford operations requires the use of many organic materials, chiefly in the form of complexing agents and diluents. These organic materials and their chemical and radiolytic degradation products, have potential for complexing fission products and transuranium elements, both in the waste streams and upon infiltration into soil, perhaps influencing future sorption or migration of the nuclides. Particular complexation characteristics of various nuclides which constitute the major fission products, long-lived isotopes, and the most mobile in radioactive wastes are discussed briefly with regards to their anticipated sorption or mobility in soils. Included in the discussion are Am, Sb, Ce, Cs, Co, Cm, Eu, I, Np, Pm, Pu, Ra, Ru, Sr, Tc, U, and Zr. 107 references.
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: McFadden, K.M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Characterization of solids in the Three Mile Island Unit 2 Reactor defueling water: Addendum (open access)

Characterization of solids in the Three Mile Island Unit 2 Reactor defueling water: Addendum

Shortly after ORNL/TM-10362 was issued, it was discovered that a series of 31 figures had been inadvertently omitted. These figures, which consist of scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs and energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence scans, provide significant information about the results obtained in the tests performed with water sample W3. This Addendum includes these figures. Details of and comments on the SEM photographs may be found in ORNL/TM-10362.
Date: March 1, 1988
Creator: Campbell, D.O.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Development and process evaluation of improved Fischer-Tropsch slurry catalysts (open access)

Development and process evaluation of improved Fischer-Tropsch slurry catalysts

The objective of this contract is to develop a consistent technical data base on the use of iron-based catalysts in Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis reactions. This data base will be developed to allow the unambiguous comparison of the performance of these catalysts with each other and with state-of-the-art iron catalyst compositions. Particular attention will be devoted to generating reproducible kinetic and selectivity data and to developing reproducible improved catalyst compositions.
Date: January 1, 1987
Creator: Withers, H.P. (Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., Allentown, PA (United States)); Bukur, D.B. & Rosynek, M.P. (Texas A and M Univ., College Station, TX (United States))
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Controlled-source electromagnetic survey at Soda Lakes geothermal area, Nevada (open access)

Controlled-source electromagnetic survey at Soda Lakes geothermal area, Nevada

The EM-60 system, a large-moment frequency-domain electromagnetic loop prospecting system, was operated in the Soda Lakes geothermal area, Nevada. Thirteen stations were occupied at distances ranging from 0.5-3.0 km from two transmitter sites. These yielded four sounding curves--the normalized amplitudes and phases of the vertical and radial magnetic fields as a function of frequency--at each station. In addition, two polarization ellipse parameters, ellipticity and tilt angle, were calculated at each frequency. The data were interpreted by means of a least-squares inversion procedure which fits a layered resistivity model to the data. A three-layer structure is indicated, with a near-surface 20 ohm-m layer of 100-400 m thickness, a middle 2 ohm-m layer of approximately 1 km thickness, and a basement of greater than 10 ohm-m. The models indicate a northwesterly structural strike; the top and middle layers seem to thicken from northeast to southwest. The results agree quite well with previous results of dipole-dipole and magnetotelluric (MT) surveys. The EM-60 survey provided greater depth penetration (1 to 1.5 km) than dipole-dipole, but MT far surpassed both in its depth of exploration. One advantage of EM in this area is its ease and speed of operation. Another advantage, its relative insensitivity to …
Date: July 1, 1980
Creator: Stark, M.; Wilt, M.; Haught, J. R. & Goldstein, N.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Energy from biological processes (open access)

Energy from biological processes

This assessment responds to a request by the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation for an evaluation of the energy potential of various sources of plant and animal matter (biomass). This report complements an earlier OTA report on the Application of Solar Technology to Today's Energy Needs in evaluating the major solar energy resources available to the United States. The findings also will serve as part of the material to be used in an upcoming OTA assessment of synthetic fuels for transportation. This volume presents analyses of prominent biomass issues, summaries of four biomass fuel cycles, a description of biomass' place in two plausible energy futures, and discussions of policy options for promoting energy from biomass. The four fuel cycles - wood, alcohol fuels, grasses and crop residues, and animal wastes - were chosen because of their near- to mid-term energy potential and because of the public interest in them. A second volume presents technical analyses of the resource base, conversion technologies, and end uses that provide a basis for the discussion in this volume. Also included in Volume II are various unconventional approaches to bioenergy production as well as the use of biomass to produce chemicals.
Date: July 1, 1980
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Potential energy for quarks (open access)

Potential energy for quarks

It is argued on theoretical and phenomenological grounds that confinement of quarks is intrinsically a many-body interaction. The Born-Oppenheimer approximation to the bag model is shown to give rise to a static potential energy that consists of a sum of two-body Coulomb terms and a many-body confining term. Following the success of this potential in heavy Q anti Q systems it is being applied to Q/sup 2/ anti Q/sup 2/. Preliminary calculations suggest that dimeson bound states with exotic flavor, such as bb anti s anti s, exist. 13 refs., 5 figs.
Date: January 1, 1985
Creator: Heller, L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Biotelemetry study of spring and summer habitat selection by striped bass in Cherokee Reservoir, Tennessee, 1978. [Morone saxatilis] (open access)

Biotelemetry study of spring and summer habitat selection by striped bass in Cherokee Reservoir, Tennessee, 1978. [Morone saxatilis]

Habitat selection of 31 adult striped bass was monitored by temperature sensing ultrasonic and radio transmitters in Cherokee Reservoir, Tennessee, from March through October 1978. This study sought to corroborate summer data obtained by Waddle (1979) in 1977 and to examine mechanisms of habitat selection by observing establishment of the summer distribution. During the spring and early summer months the striped bass ranged throughout the study area in the downstream half of the reservoir. Fish stayed near the bottom at the preferred temperatures throughout the whole study, and no individuals were observed in open water. Movement rates of up to 2.6 km/day were estimated, and rates of 1 km/day were common in the spring. By late July they were apparently avoiding low dissolved oxygen (D.O.) concentrations (<3 mg/l) near the bottom of the main reservoir and epilimnion temperatures greater than 22/sup 0/C, and they moved into cool, oxygenated spring or creek channels (refuges). Low movement rates of 0 to 25 m/day within these refuges occurred. The rates of the few migrations between refuges could not be estimated. Tagged fish moved out of the refuges 3 to 4 weeks after the fall overturn when reservoir temperatures approximated 22 to 24/sup 0/C.
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Schaich, B.A. & Coutant, C.C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Two-photon physics (open access)

Two-photon physics

A new experimental frontier has recently been opened to the study of two photon processes. The first results of many aspects of these reactions are being presented at this conference. In contrast, the theoretical development of research ito two photon processes has a much longer history. This talk reviews the many different theoretical ideas which provide a detailed framework for our understanding of two photon processes.
Date: October 1, 1981
Creator: Bardeen, W.A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of the risk of transporting liquid chlorine by rail (open access)

Assessment of the risk of transporting liquid chlorine by rail

This report presents the risk of shipping liquid chlorine by rail. While chlorine is not an energy material, there are several benefits to studying chlorine transportation risks. First, chlorine, like energy materials, is widely used as a feedstock to industry. Second, it is the major purification agent in municipal water treatment systems and therefore, provides direct benefits to the public. Finally, other risk assessments have been completed for liquid chlorine shipments in the US and Europe, which provide a basis for comparison with this study. None of the previous PNL energy material risk assessments have had other studies for comparison. For these reasons, it was felt that a risk assessment of chlorine transportation by rail could provide information on chlorine risk levels, identify ways to reduce these risks and use previous studies on chlorine risks to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the PNL risk assessment methodology. The risk assessment methodology used in this study is summarized. The methodology is presented in the form of a risk assessment model which is constructed for ease of periodic updating of the data base so that the risk may be reevaluated as additional data become available. The report is sectioned to correspond to …
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Andrews, W.B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of ISABELLE full cell ultra high vacuum system (open access)

Evaluation of ISABELLE full cell ultra high vacuum system

The ISABELLE Full Cell Vacuum System consisting of a 40 m long, by 8.8 cm diameter stainless steel tube pumped by seven pumping stations was assembled and processed for 10/sup -12/ Torr operation. Evaluation and testing of the system and its sub-assemblies has been completed. Detail design of system components and the determination of the conditioning process was completed. The best procedure to rough pump, leak test, vacuum bake the system, condition pumps, degas gauges, turn on ion pumps and flash sublimation pumps was established. Pressures below 2 x 10/sup -11/ Torr are now routinely achieved in normal operation of the Full Cell. This includes pump down after replacement of various components and pump down after back fill with moist unfiltered air. The techniques developed for the Full Cell will be used to build the ISABELLE Ultra High Vacuum System.
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Foerster, C L; Briggs, J; Chou, T S & Stattel, P
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Methane oxidation over dual redox catalysts (open access)

Methane oxidation over dual redox catalysts

Review and analysis of the literature data on electron transfer itself and electron transfer oxidation of alkyl radicals was done in order to understand the mechanism by which methyl radical can be oxidized to CH{sub 3}{sup +} and further substituted by OH{sup {minus}} to form methanol. This allowed to compare and classify the various possible reaction patterns, understand the mechanism and circumstances of operation of each of them and select those which can be involved in oxidation of methyl radical. As a result an approach that is complementary to catalytic test studies was proposed. It consists of investigation of a set of partial reactions which reproduce a whole catalytic cycle in order to prove the reaction mechanism. Synthesis of new oxide catalysts of the delafossite type, containing concentrated double redox sites, were designed. Synthesis of hydrozincite as a starting material for the preparation of doubly doped zinc oxide was performed.
Date: March 1, 1989
Creator: Klier, Kamil; Herman, Richard G. & Sojka, Zvigniew
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Generation of coherent soft x-rays using a single-pass free-electron laser amplifier (open access)

Generation of coherent soft x-rays using a single-pass free-electron laser amplifier

We consider a single-pass free-electron laser (FEL) amplifier, driven by an rf-linac followed by a damping ring for reduced emittance, for use in generating coherent light in the soft x-ray region. The dependence of the optical gain on electron-beam quality, studied with the three-dimensional FEL simulation code FELEX, is given and related to the expected power of self-amplified spontaneous emission. We discuss issues for the damping ring designed to achieve the required electron beam quality. The idea of a multipass regenerative amplifier is also presented. 6 refs., 3 tabs.
Date: January 1, 1987
Creator: Wang, T. F.; Goldstein, J. C.; Newmam, B. E. & McVey, B. D.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Selective population of high-j states via heavy-ion-induced transfer reactions (open access)

Selective population of high-j states via heavy-ion-induced transfer reactions

One of the early hopes of heavy-ion-induced transfer reactions was to populate states not seen easily or at all by other means. To date, however, I believe it is fair to say that spectroscopic studies of previously unknown states have had, at best, limited success. Despite the early demonstration of selectivity with cluster transfer to high-lying states in light nuclei, the study of heavy-ion-induced transfer reactions has emphasized the reaction mechanism. The value of using two of these reactions for spectroscopy of high spin states is demonstrated: /sup 143/Nd(/sup 16/O,/sup 15/O) /sup 144/Nd and /sup 170/Er(/sup 16/O,/sup 15/O..gamma..) /sup 171/Er. (WHK)
Date: January 1, 1982
Creator: Bond, P.D.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Quark-diagram classification of charm decays (open access)

Quark-diagram classification of charm decays

The decays of charm mesons are described in terms of quark-diagram amplitudes. Experimental implications of these amplitudes are also discussed.
Date: May 1, 1980
Creator: Rizzo, T. G. & Wang, L. L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library