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Trends in the study of light proton rich nuclei
Recent work in light proton-rich nuclei is reviewed. Evidence for the first T/sub z/ = -5/2 nuclide, /sup 35/Ca, is presented. The mechanisms of two-proton emission following beta-decay is investigated. Future directions in this field are discussed. 23 refs., 5 figs. (WRF)
Date:
September 1, 1985
Creator:
Moltz, D. M.; Aysto, J.; Hotchkis, M. A. C. & Cerny, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
TRU Waste Sampling Program: Volume I. Waste characterization
Volume I of the TRU Waste Sampling Program report presents the waste characterization information obtained from sampling and characterizing various aged transuranic waste retrieved from storage at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory and the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The data contained in this report include the results of gas sampling and gas generation, radiographic examinations, waste visual examination results, and waste compliance with the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant-Waste Acceptance Criteria (WIPP-WAC). A separate report, Volume II, contains data from the gas generation studies.
Date:
September 1, 1985
Creator:
Clements, T.L. Jr. & Kudera, D.E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Business developments of nonthermal solar technologies
Information on the developments of nonthermal solar technologies is presented. The focus is on the success of wind energy conversion systems (WECS) and photovoltaics. Detailed information on the installed generating capacity, market sectors, financing sources, systems costs and warranties of WECS and photovoltaic systems is summarized. (BCS)
Date:
October 1, 1985
Creator:
Smith, S.A.; Watts, R.L. & Williams, T.A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Validation of KENO V. a. and two cross-section libraries for criticality calculations of low-enriched uranium systems
The SCALE code system, utilizing the Monte Carlo computer code KENO V.a, was employed to calculate 37 critical experiments. The critical assemblies had /sup 235/U enrichments of 5% or less and cover a variety of geometries and materials. Values of k/sub eff/ were calculated using two different results using either of the cross-section libraries. The 16-energy-group Hansen-Roach and the 27-energy-group ENDF/B-IV cross-section libraries, available in SCALE, were used in this validation study, and both give good results for the experiments considered. It is concluded that the code and cross sections are adequate for low-enriched uranium systems and that reliable criticality safety calculations can be made for such systems provided the limits of validated applicability are not exceeded.
Date:
July 1, 1985
Creator:
Easter, M.E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Solid modeling research at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory: 1982-1985
The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has sponsored solid modeling research for the past four years to assess this new technology and to determine its potential benefits to the Nuclear Weapons Complex. We summarize here the results of five projects implemented during our effort. First, we have installed two solid modeler codes, TIPS-1 (Technical Information Processing System-1) and PADL-2 (Part and Assembly Description Language), on the Laboratory's CRAY-1 computers. Further, we have extended the geometric coverage and have enhanced the graphics capabilities of the TIPS-1 modeler. To enhance solid modeler performance on our OCTOPUS computer system, we have also developed a method to permit future use of the Laboratory's network video system to provide high-resolution, shaded images at users' locations. Finally, we have begun to implement code that will link solid-modeler data bases to finite-element meshing codes.
Date:
September 1, 1985
Creator:
Kalibjian, J. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Characterization of the solid, airborne materials created when UF/sub 6/ reacts with moist air flowing in single-pass mode
A series of experiments has been performed in which UF/sub 6/ was released into flowing air in order to characterize the solid particulate material produced under non-static conditions. In two of the experiments, the aerosol was allowed to stagnate in a static chamber after release and examined further but in the other experiments characterization was done only on material collected a few seconds after release. Transmission electron microscopy and mass measurement by cascaded impactor were used to characterize the aerosol particles which were usually single spheroids with little agglomeration in evidence. The goal of the work is to determine the chemistry and physics of the UF/sub 6/-atmospheric moisture reaction under a variety of conditions so that information about resulting species and product morphologies is available for containment and removal (knockdown) studies as well as for dispersion plume modeling and toxicology studies. This report completes the milestone for reporting the information obtained from releases of UF/sub 6/ into flowing rather than static air. 26 figs., 3 tabs.
Date:
October 1, 1985
Creator:
Pickrell, P. W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear spin polarization of solid deuterium-tritium
It appears that parallel alignment of deuteron and triton magnetic moments increases the cross section of the nuclear reaction T(d,n) He/sup 4/ by 50%, thereby promising a laser driver of perhaps half the original energy. Both ''brute-force'' and dynamic nuclear polarization are considered, and the many potential problems of the latter are considered. High nuclear polarization by the dynamic technique requires a small nucleus-to-unpaired electron ratio, a long longitudinal nuclear relaxation time and a short longitudinal electron relaxation time. Normal D-T is shown to be inadequate, and enriched and possibly very pure molecular DT will be required. The key variable is the nuclear relaxation time, which can either depend on the interaction with rotationally excited impurity molecules or on paramagnetic defects formed by the tritium radiation. Radiation-induced DT decomposition and rotational catalysis will combat one another to affect the DT purity. The expected atom density and fractionation effects are considered. There exists one frequency at which both D and T atoms can be pumped.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Souers, P. C.; Fearon, E. M.; Mapoles, E. R.; Gaines, J. R.; Sater, J. D. & Fedders, P. A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Control of indoor radon and radon progeny concentrations
There are three general categories of techniques for the control of radon and radon progeny concentrations in indoor air - restriction of radon entry, reduction of indoor radon concentrations by ventilation or air cleaning, and removal of airborne radon progeny. The predominant radon entry process in most residences appears to be pressure driven flow of soil gas through cracks or other openings in the basement, slab, or subfloor. Sealing these openings or ventilation of the subslab or subfloor space are methods of reducing radon entry rates. Indoor radon concentrations may be reduced by increased ventilation. The use of charcoal filters for removal of radon gas in the indoor air by adsorption has also been proposed. Concentrations of radon progeny, which are responsible for most of the health risks associated with radon exposures, can be controlled by use of electrostatic or mechanical filtration. Air circulation can also reduce radon progeny concentrations in certain cases. This paper reviews the application and limitations of each of these control measures and discusses recent experimental results.
Date:
May 1, 1985
Creator:
Sextro, R.G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Extraction and recovery of plutonium and americium from nitric acid waste solutions by the TRUEX process - continuing development studies
This report summarizes the work done to date on the application of the TRUEX solvent extraction process for removing and separately recovering plutonium and americium from a nitric acid waste solution containing these elements, uranium, and a complement of inert metal ions. This simulated waste stream is typical of a raffinate from a tributyl phosphate (TBP)-based solvent extraction process for removing uranium and plutonium from dissolved plutonium-containing metallurgical scrap. The TRUEX process solvent in these experiments was a solution of TBP and octyl(phenyl)-N,N-diisobutylcarbamoylmethylphosphine oxide (CMPO) dissolved in carbon tetrachloride. A flowsheet was designed on the basis of measured batch distribution ratios to reduce the TRU content of the solidified raffinate to less than or equal to 10 nCi/g and was tested in a countercurrent experiment performed in a 14-stage Argonne-model centrifugal contractor. The process solvent was recycled without cleanup. An unexpectedly high evaporative loss of CCl/sub 4/ resulted in concentration of the active extractant, CMPO, to nearly 0.30M in the solvent. Results are consistent with this higher CMPO concentration. The raffinate contained only 2 nCi/g of TRU, but the higher CMPO concentration resulted in reduced effectiveness in the stripping of americium from the solvent. Conditions can be easily adjusted to …
Date:
September 1, 1985
Creator:
Leonard, R. A.; Vandegrift, G. F.; Kalina, D. G.; Fischer, D. F.; Bane, R. W.; Burris, L. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
TOPAZ - the transient one-dimensional pipe flow analyzer: code validation and sample problems
TOPAZ is a ''user friendly'' computer code for modeling the one-dimensional-transient physics of multi-species gas transfer in arbitrary arrangements of pipes, valves, vessels, and flow branches. This document presents a series of sample problems designed to aid potential users in creating TOPAZ input files. To the extent possible, sample problems were selected for which analytical solutions currently exist. TOPAZ comparisons with such solutions are intended to provide a measure of code validation.
Date:
October 1, 1985
Creator:
Winters, W.S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Feynmann variance-to-mean method
The Feynmann and other fluctuation techniques have been shown to be useful for determining the multiplication of subcritical systems. The moments of the counting distribution from neutron detectors is analyzed to yield the multiplication value. We present the methodology and some selected applications and results and comparisons with Monte Carlo calculations.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Dowdy, E. J.; Hansen, G. E. & Robba, A. A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Status of Oak Ridge National Laboratory fusion activities
This review covers the following research being carried out at ORNL: (1) confinement experiments such as ATF, EBT, and STX, (2) theory, (3) atomic physics, (4) shielding, (5) technology developments on superconducting magnets, pellet injection, rf plasma heating, and materials, and (6) fusion engineering design center. (MOW)
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Rosenthal, M.W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
On-line uranium determination using remote fiber fluorimetry
Remote Fiber Fluorimetry (RFF) is being developed at Savannah River Laboratory for the on-line determination of uranium in plant process streams. A prototype system suitable for plant use has been designed and is being built. RFF has four major components: a laser, an optical fiber, an optrode, and a detector. Essentially, an optical fiber carries laser radiation from a laser to a process sampling point. An optrode (the optical analog of an electrode) couples the laser light into a sample solution. Fluorescence from the sample is collected by the optrode and goes back through the same fiber to a detector.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Malstrom, R A
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Muon number violating rare decays
The experimental status of rare decays that violate muon number conservation is summarized, giving upper limits of their branching ratios with 90% confidence. All of the muon experiments share several common elements. They aim to identify the process sought through the measurement of kinematical variables. Large solid angles are required to reach very high sensitivities. The need for good resolution stresses technology in high-rate environments to suppress backgrounds. In order to understand the detector response, known processes are measured where possible. A few experiments planned to detect muon number nonconserving processes are briefly described. 3 refs. (LEW)
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Cooper, M.D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Two phase cooling for superconducting magnets
A closed circuit tubular cooling system for superconducting magnets offers advantages of limiting boiloff and containing high pressures during quenches. Proper location of automatic valves to lower pressures and protect the refrigerator in the event of quenches is described. Theoretical arguments and exprimental evidence are given against a previously suggested method to determine He two phase flow regimes. If loss of flow occurs due to some types of refrigeration failure and transfer lines have enough heat leak to warm up, quenches are induced when the flow is restored. Examples are taken from experience with the TPC magnet.
Date:
August 1, 1985
Creator:
Eberhard, P. H.; Gibson, G. A.; Green, M. A.; Ross, R. R.; Smits, R. G.; Taylor, J. D. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Heavy ion induced transfer reactions: a spectroscopic tool for high spin states
By selectively choosing the appropriate heavy ion transfer reaction one can access high spin states. As a demonstration of the technique two proton and two neutron states of high spin (both yrast and non-yrast) in Nd nuclei have been identified. These spectroscopic results have yielded the first direct information about the configuration of some of these states. 11 refs., 6 figs. (WRF)
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Bond, P.D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Molten salt freeze seal. Final report
This report documents the results of the testing performed at Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, New Mexico, on the applicability of a sodium freeze seal type valve stem in a molten salt environment. The freeze seal tests consisted of cycling the valve stem at set temperature intervals, checking the temperature distribution for freeze plug location, and verifying the actuator forces. In addition to the test results, this report also documents the engineering analysis and other tasks performed before testing to form a basis for predicted test conditions and recommendations for the test program.
Date:
August 1, 1985
Creator:
Corugedo, J.J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hot dry rock Phase II reservoir engineering
Early attempts to hydraulically fracture and connect two wells drilled at the Hot Dry Rock site at Fenton Hill in New Mexico failed. Microearthquakes triggered by hydraulic fracturing indicated that the fracture zones grew in unexpected directions. Consequently one of the wells was sidetracked at a depth of 2.9 km; was redrilled into the zones of most intense microseismic activity; and a flow connection was achieved. Hydraulic communication was improved by supplemental fracturing using recently developed high temperature and high pressure open hole packers. Preliminary testing indicates a reservoir with stimulated joint volume which already surpasses that attained in the earlier phase I reservoir after several years of development. 12 refs., 6 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Murphy, H.D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Critical current studies on fine filamentary NbTi accelerator wires
The magnets for the Superconductig Super Collider, a high energy proton colliding beam accelerator, require a superconductor with very high current density (>2400 A/mm/sup 2/ at 5 T) and very small filaments (approx. 2..mu..m in diameter). Previous work has shown that by controlling the formation of Cu/sub 4/Ti compound particles on the filament surfaces it is possible to make fine filamentary NbTi wire with high critical current density. The performance of multi-filamentary wire is characterized by the current density and the quantity ''n'' which describes the superconducting-normal transition. Micrographs of wires having high J/sub c/ and high n show smooth, uniform filaments. Recently wires of very high critical current and high n have been produced in experimental quantities by commercial manufactures.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Garber, M.; Suenaga, M.; Sampson, W.B. & Sabatini, R.L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Three computer codes for safety and stability of large superconducting magnets
For analyzing the safety and stability of large superconducting magnets, three computer codes TASS, SHORTURN, and SSICC have been developed, applicable to bath-cooled magnets, bath-cooled magnets with shorted turns, and magnets with internally cooled conductors respectively. The TASS code is described, and the use of the three codes is reviewed.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Turner, L. R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
ICRF wave propagation and absorption in tokamak and mirror magnetic fields: a full-wave calculation
Global solutions for the ion cyclotron resonant frequency (ICRF) wave fields in a straight tokamak with rotational transform and a poloidally symmetric mirror are calculated in the cold plasma limit. The component of the wave electric field parallel to vector Bis assumed zero. Symmetry in each problem allows Fourier decomposition in one ignorable coordinate, and the remaining set of two coupled, two-dimensional partial differential equations is solved by finite differencing. Energy absorption and antenna impedance are calculated using a simple collisional absorption model. When large gradients in vertical barBvertical bar along vectorB are present in either geometry, ICRF heating at the fundamental ion cyclotron resonance is observed. For the mirror, such gradients are always present. But for the tokamak, the rotational transform must be large enough that vectorB . delB greater than or equal to 0(1). For smaller transforms more typical of real tokamaks, only heating at the two-ion hybird resonance is observed. This suggests that direct resonant absorption at the fundamental ion cyclotron resonance may be possible in stellarators where vectorB . delB approx. 0(1) + 11.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Jaeger, E. F.; Batchelor, D. B.; Weitzner, H. & Whealton, J. H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Diffraction scattering and the parton model in QCD
Arguments are presented that the validity of the parton model for hadron scattering in QCD is directly related to the occurrence of the Critical Pomeron description of diffraction scattering. An attractive route suggested for Electroweak and Grand Unification is also briefly described.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
White, A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Synthesis of /sup 13/C-enriched carbohydrates as chiral synthons for labeled compounds
Methods have been developed to synthesize labeled chiral compounds from labeled carbohydrates. During the course of these investigations, we have adapted both chemical and enzymatic methods for the large-scale interconversion of labeled aldoses and ketoses. 6 refs.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Walker, T. E.; Unkefer, C. J. & Ehler, D. S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
DOE Site-Specific Threat Assessment
A facility manager faced with the challenges of protecting a nuclear facility against potential threats must consider the likelihood and consequences of such threats, know the capabilities of the facility safeguards and security systems, and make informed decisions about the cost-effectivness of safeguards and security upgrades. To help meet these challenges, the San Francisco Operations Office of the Department of Energy, in conjunction with the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, has developed a site-specific threat assessment approach and a quantitative model to improve the quality and consistency of site-specific threat assessment and resultant security upgrade decisions at sensitive Department of Energy facilities. 5 figs.
Date:
July 12, 1985
Creator:
West, D. J.; Al-Ayat, R. A. & Judd, B. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library