The President and the Congress are finalizing National Goals to reduce the Nation's dependence on imported oil. A key element of these goals is the conversion of utilities from oil-fired to coal-fired to yield an import reduction of 0.75 MBD by 1990. Since these utilities already exist at fixed locations, this element of the National Goals has the focus of Appolo, Polaris, Minuteman and other major successful programs. It is indicated, therefore, that the program development and management techniques employed in these programs may have useful application to the utility conversion program. These techniques include comparative systems and mission mode analysis, and the application of these techniques to the utility conversion program is discussed. It is observed that the conversions of coal-capable utilities will most likely be achieved in the first half of the next decade, while those for non coal-capable utilities will likely occur in the latter half of the next decade. It is suggested that DOE/RA initiate an in-house task force effort to make a comparative analysis of conversion alternatives to meet this goal. This analysis is discussed in some detail and it should consider the coal delivery as well as the conversion elements of the overall coal …

Weekly report of the Texas Crop and Livestock Reporting Service on turkey poult numbers in Texas and compared with other states. It includes compiled statistics across six consecutive weeks during two years for turkey eggs set and poults hatched.

This report addresses the final report of the airborne gamma-ray spectrometer and magnetometer survey

This report is about catastrophic health insurances.

Beam fractions lost by collimation in a neutralizer duct are computed in x-x' phase space by using three examples of slab beam distributions under a broad range of duct dimensions, beam half-widths, and beam divergences. The results can be used to design compact neutralizers and to specify beam requirements. The computer code ILOST can be used under a broad range of beam conditions to compute the fraction lost by collimation.

The High Energy Transport Code, HETC, was obtained from the Radiation Shielding Information Center (RSIC) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and altered as necessary to run on a CDC 7600 using the LTSS software in use at LLNL. HETC was then used to obtain calculated estimates of energy deposited, for comparison with a series of benchmark experiments done by LLNL. These experiments used proton beams of various energies incident on well-defined composite targets in good geometry. In this report, two aspects of the comparison between calculated and experimental energy depositions from an 800 MeV proton beam are discussed. Both aspects involve the fact that workers at SAI had previously used their version of HETC to calculate this experiment and reported their comparison with the measured data. The first aspect addressed is that their calculated data and LLNL calculations do not agree, suggesting an error in the conversion process from the RSIC code. The second aspect is not independent of the first, but is of sufficient importance to merit separate emphasis. It is that the SAI calculations agree well with experiments at the detector plate located some distance from the shower plate, whereas the LLNL calculations show a clearcut discrepancy there …

Work focused on establishing experimentally determined parameters for ultrasonic comminution and their translation into the design of an ultrasonic comminution array for Phase I testing. Early work indicated that continuous removal of fines during communition could significantly increase the production of -10 micron particles. Similarly, varying the mechanical gain of the ultrasonic comminution apparatus and thereby increasing the strain amplitude of the system was shown to enhance fines production. A gain of 3:1 (i.e., a three-fold increase in strain amplitude) produced the best results. These features used with an ultrasonic cylinder segment apparatus resulted in 276% increase in the production of -10 micron fines over that generated by passing coal through a non-activated control. Thus influenced, the design of the Phase I ultrasonic comminution apparatus will incorporate both a dual-roll and roller/plate capability; it will provide continuous flow of particles through the region of ultrasonic activation, thus permitting removal of fines as they are comminuted; and will function with a gain of 3:1. The Phase I apparatus also offers the flexibility of operating with either traveling or standing ultrasonic waves. Varying the physical configuration (dual-roller or roller plate) and the mode of ultrasonic activation (traveling or standing wave) allows for …

This prospective well of opportunity was originally drilled and completed as a gas producer by Wrightsman Investment Company in early 1973. The original and present producing interval was from 15,216 to 15,238 feet. IMC Exploration Company, Inc. acquired the property from Wrightsman and is the present owner operator. The well is presently shut in s a non-economic producer and IMC proposed to perform plug and abandonment operations in April, 1980. This well has a good geopressured-geothermal water sand behind the 5-1/2 inch casing that has 94 feet of net sand thickness. Pursuant to DOE/NVO authorization of March 11,1980, Eaton negotiated an option agreement with IMC whereby IMC would delay their abandonment operations for a period of 90 days to permit DOE to evaluate the well for geopressure-geothermal testing. The IMC-Eaton option agreements provide that IMG will delay plugging the well until June 15, 1980. If Eaton exercises its option to acquire the well, IMC will sell the well bore, and an adjacent salt water disposal well, to Eaton for the sole consideration of Eaton assuming the obligation to plug and abandon the wells in accordance with lease and regulatory requirements. If Eaton does not exercise its option, then Eaton will …

Weekly report of the Texas Crop and Livestock Reporting Service on turkey poult numbers in Texas and compared with other states. It includes compiled statistics across six consecutive weeks during two years for turkey eggs set and poults hatched.

Methods of removing fluorides from water are reviewed and recommendations are made for treating geothermal water used by the Boise Geothermal Project, Boise, Idaho. The Boise geothermal water except for its high fluoride content would be high quality, suitable for primary drinking water. Fluoride ranges from about 15 to 25 mg/l in water from various wells in the Boise region where the Project plans to obtain hot water. Four techniques for removing fluorides from water have been studied extensively during the past 15 years or so. Electrodialysis and reverse osmosis are useful in reducing total dissolved solids from brackish water, but are nonspecific and are too expensive for treatment of the Boise geothermal water. Selective precipitation is a widely used technique for treating water, but would also prove expensive for the Boise geothermal water because of the relatively high solubility of fluoride salts and consequently high concentration (and cost) of precipitants required to reduce the fluorides to an acceptable level. Ion-exchange separation using activated alumina as the exchange medium appears to be the most promising technique and we recommend that some laboratory and pilot studies be conducted to establish suitability and operating boundaries.

Several practical aspects of rf acceleration (by a MEQALAC accelerator, for example) of positive and negative ions for MFE neutral injection were considered. The beam transport, gas flow, differential pumping, and compatibility with MFE beam lines were examined. It was found that rf acceleration has several advantages over dc acceleration, especially if high energy (over 100 keV) and/or high purity (over 99%) is required. Therefore rf acceleration should be considered especially in connection with negative ions, which also have competitive advantages under such requirements. Beam densities for rf may be lower than dc beam densities because of space charge limitations and electrode transparency. However, the overall dimensions of an rf system are competitive with or smaller than the dimensions of a dc system of equal current and voltage because the gas pumping and electrical insulation are included within the rf electrode assembly. Ion source development is required to produce an array of many small beams suitable for injection into a MEQALAC.

Rutherford scattering of neutral particles by plasma ions is examined as a method for determining plasma ion in the central cell fo the Tandem Mirror Experiment (TMX). When a scattering configuration, consisting of a 20-keV-, 10-A-deuterium neutral beam and an energy analyzer with a 1% resolution, is arranged such that only neutral particles scattered by plasma ions over an angle of 10/sup 0/ are accepted, central-cell ion temperatures in the 30- to 1000-eV range can be measured. The count rate registered by the detector(s) is estimated to be 2000 counts/ms. Consequently, good statistical accuracy and time resolution are attainable simultaneously. The results of the calculation are presented such that the scaling of the count rates and the energy broadening with scattering angle, neutral-beam energy, ion temperature, and plasma density can easily be deduced. Neutral helium beams are also considered; they have some advantages over deuterium beams. The background signal, caused by neutral particles entering the detector after two successive charge-exchange collisions, is examined and ways to completely eliminate this background are indicated.

Security systems and security procedures for the AFRRI reactor, the University of Maryland TRIGA reactor, and the University of Virginia CAVALIER and UVAR reactors are described.

Reaction kinetic measurements on the hydrochlorination of SiCl/sub 4/ and mg silicon metal in the presence of a copper catalyst were last reported as a function of reaction temperature, reactor pressure and H/sub 2//SiCl/sub 4/ ratio, 3 SiCl/sub 4/ + 2 H/sub 2/ + Si ..-->.. 4 SiHCl/sub 3/. The same reaction was repeated at a lower catalyst loading of 2 wt%. In the presence of 2 wt% cuprous chloride (based on silicon metal), the hydrochlorination reaction rate is doubled to give about the same performance as those obtained at a higher copper catalyst loading. The effect of particle size distribution of the mg silicon metal on the hydrochlorination reaction rate was studied. Reaction kinetic measurements were made on 150 x 400 mesh Si and on 32 x 65 mesh Si in addition to the standard 65 x 150 mesh Si used in previous studies. Results of these experiments show that the reaction rate is essentially independent of the silicon metal particle size. Thus, the reaction occuring on the Si metal surface is the rate-determining step. Mass transfer via diffusion of reactants and product is not rate-limiting. A plausible mechanism of the hydrochlorination reaction is discussed.

Weekly report of the Texas Crop and Livestock Reporting Service on turkey poult numbers in Texas and compared with other states. It includes compiled statistics across six consecutive weeks during two years for turkey eggs set and poults hatched.

Information is given on each of the following topics: (1) magnet description, (2) superconducting manufacture, (3) mechanical behavior of conductor winding, (4) coil winding, (5) thermal analysis, (6) cryogenic system, (7) power supply system, (8) structural analysis, (9) structural finite element analysis refinement, (10) structural case fault analysis, and (11) structural metallurgy. (MOW)

A cumulative-strain-damage criterion is used to predict the initiation and propagation of fracture in ductile materials. The model is consistent with a model of ductile rupture that involves void growth and coalescence. Two- and three-dimensional finite difference computer codes, which use incremental-plasticity theory to describe large strains with rotation, are used to trace the history of damage in a material due to external forces. Fracture begins when the damage exceeds a critical value over a critical distance and proceeds as the critical-damage state is reached elsewhere. This unified approach to failure prediction can be applied to an arbitrary geometry if the material behavior has been adequately characterized. The damage function must be calibrated for a particular material using various material property tests. The fracture toughness of 6061-T651 aluminum is predicted.

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Fabrication techniques and improved a-Si:H film processing have been achieved to produce a short circuit current density of 7.5 mA/cm/sup 2/ and open circuit voltage of 740 mV on large area (2cm/sup 2/) a-Si cells by the deposition of an inexpensive semitransparent metal (Cr) as a top electrode on a N-I-P structure. This corresponds to a 2% efficiency using AMl illumination. A V/sub oc/ of 830 mV and fill factor of 0.54 have also been separately obtained. A relatively simple and inexpensive deposition technique using a one pumpdown vacuum system, Al grid and thin metal film structure have been applied to reduce the cost of a-Si:H cell fabrication. A SEM study of a-Si film quality shows the substrate texture to greatly influence the film morphology. This in turn serves to influence the uniformity of photovoltaic response on completed solar cells. The studies of optical transmittance of various thin metal films promote the utilization of Cr and Cu as a top electrode. Dark and illuminated I-V characteristics show that current conduction mechanisms and recombination pheonomena are not the same under dark and illuminated conditions. Furthermore, spectral response analysis and reverse illuminated saturation current under different illumination levels show photoconductivity and collection …

Work is continuing on: chromosomal inversions and Robertsonians; cytology of inversions; translocations; mutagen test validation; meiotic pairing; and the characterization of induced lethals. (PSB)

Fluidized bed combustors operate in the large-particle (> 1 mm) high-velocity (> 1 m/s) fluidization regime which differs from most previous applications. These characteristics foster a distinctive volatiles evolution structure in the vicinity of the coal injectors of bottom-fed atmospheric fluidized beds (AFBC). The evolution of coal volatiles associated with bottom-fed AFBC was defined as the focal point. The major effort of the work was concerned with a group combustion model of dense gas/solids mixtures of devolatilizing coal being injected into the bottom of an AFBC. Critical development needs were defined in the area of solids circulation and injector design which impact both basic FBC design and NO/sub x/ emissions. Results of model calculations identified important new physical-chemical mechanisms influencing NO/sub x/ emissions.

Seismic surface-wave generation by underground nuclear explosions releasing tectonic strain is studied through a series of synthetic radiation-pattern calculations based on the earthquake-trigger model. From amplitude and phase radiation patterns for 20-s Rayleigh waves, inferences are made about effects on surface-wave magnitude, M/sub s/, and waveform character. The focus of this study is a comparison between two mechanisms of tectonic strain release: strike-slip motion on vertical faults and thrust motion on 45/sup 0/ dipping faults. The results of our calculations show that Rayleigh-wave amplitudes of the dip-slip model at F values between 0.75 and 1.5 are significantly lower than amplitudes of the strike-slip model or of the explosion source alone. This effect translates into M/sub s/ values about 0.5 units lower than M/sub s/ of the explosion alone. Waveform polarity reversals occur in two of four azimuthal quadrants for the strike-slip model and in all azimuths of the dip-slip-thrust model for F values above about 3. A cursory examination of waveforms from presumed explosions in eastern Kazakhstan suggests that releases of tectonic strain are accompanying the detonation of many of these explosions. Qualitatively, the observations seem to favor the dip-slip-thrust model, which, in the case of a few explosions, must …

Twenty-four catalysts were prepared by either evaporation of metal nitrate-citric acid solutions, by impregnation of methanol synthesis catalysts or by coprecipitation with KOH. Seventeen catalysts were tested in either the Berty gradientless reactor or the plug-flow reactor. These catalysts have been characterized into the five groups. A CuCoZn/sub 0/ /sub 125/Fe/sub 0/ /sub 1/Th/sub 0/ /sub 5/K/sub 0/ /sub 11/ catalyst produced by evaporation of metal nitrate-citric acid solutions resulted in an oxygenates selectivity of about 50% (CO/sub 2/-free basis) at total CO conversions of the order of 5 to 15% per pass. The alcohols (including about 2% aldehydes) distribution was 48.2% C/sub 1/; 33.4% C/sub 2/; 10.7% C/sub 3/; 5.3% C/sub 4/ and 2.3% C/sub 5/. The calculated heating value of this Alkanol mixture is about 78,000 Btu/gal (20% higher than that of methanol). The estimated clear Research Octane Number (RONC) of this mixture is 109. The estimated octane quality (RONC) of a mixture of 80% unleaded gasoline having an 80 RONC and 20% of the Alkanols is about 91.

Fourteen catalysts were prepared by either evaporation of metal nitrate-citric acid solutions or by impregnation of inert supports with metal nitrate-citric acid solutions. Fourteen catalysts were tested in either the Berty gradientless reactor or the plug-flow reactor. These catalysts have been characterized intto the following five groups: Group I - catalysts containing Cu, Zn, Co, Cr and alkali; Group II - catalysts of Group I without Zn or Co or Cr; Group III - modified methanol synthesis catalysts of substituted by transition metals such as Fe, Mn, Ti, Th, etc; and Group V - catalysts of Groups I, II or IV supported on refractory cements such as silica or titania. Although none of the catalysts tested this quarter resulted in reaching the targetted oxygenates selectivities and space time yields, the following relevant observations were made: Transition metals in a catalyst having the general atomic formula CuZn/sub 0/ /sub 125/CoK/sub 0/ /sub 11/M and produced by evaporation of metal nitrate - citric acid solution affect oxygenates selectivity as indicated below (in descending order), Fe approx. Cr > V >> Mn; Potassium in a catalyst having the formula Cu Zn/sub 0/ /sub 125/CoA/sub 0/ /sub 11/ is a better alkali promoter than …