From Introduction: "One part of this study, which is presented in this Monograph, consists of an analysis of electric energy usage and electric power demand data obtained from a sample group of occupied houses at Little Rock Air Force Base in Arkansas, equipped with heat pumps, water heaters, cooking ranges, clothes dryers, and miscellaneous appliances all operated by electricity."

The first step in a proposed processing method for recovery of uranium from graphite-uranium fuels consists of oxidation of the fuel by oxygen to volatilize the carbon. Residue ash from the combustion step can be treated in a variety of ways to recover and purify the uranium. The combustion step may be caried out by contacting the solid fuel in a fixed or moving bed with a stream of oxygen-bearing gas in a tubular or annular reactor. Oxidizing gas may be introduced to the reactor at several points up the reactor and there may be continuous or intermittent addition of fresh fuel and removal of residue ash.

Oscillations have been observed in a magnetically supported cylindrical rod of plasma. This rod of plasma can be the discharge occurring in the defining aperture of a Mode II, pressure gradient arc. Similar oscillations can also occur in the column of a Mode I arc. These oscillations appear to be the mechanism that drives the Mode II blowup phenomena.

Report documenting the progress of the Army Gas-Cooled Reactor Systems Program to develop a mobile nuclear power plant for military field operation.

Boron-10 has a high thermal neutron capture cross section (3880 barns). Following neutron capture, the subsequent nuclear disintegration produces an alpha particle and a lithium-7 nucleus with the release of an average of 2.34 MeV for the particle irradiation, and in 93% of the reactions there is also the emission of an 0.48 MeV gamma ray: [equation not transcribed]. The kinetic energy is divided between the lithium-7 nucleus and the alpha particle giving the equal and opposite momentums with a range in tissue of about 8-14μ or approximately 1 cell diameter (1). This fact and the reported favorable partition of boron between tumor and the normal brain suggested a possible therapeutic usefulness which has been investigated clinically. The object of our study is to document the biological effects of the B10 (n,α) Li7 reaction on the brain of dogs injected with boron-10 30 minutes prior to irradiation with thermal neutrons. For this, we felt it desirable to estimate a dose for the boron-10 reaction which if exceeded, produces destruction of normal tissue. This dose could then be a reference dose to be utilized as a maximal limit for the irradiation of normal tissue. We have assured that the largest fluence …

Technical report. From Abstract : "Accurate measurements on boiling points and surface tensions of mixtures of benzyl acetate with dioxan, aniline and meta-cresol over the entire range of concentration are reported. The results have been analysed in terms of quasi-crystalline model which is partially successful in representing the composition dependence of heats of mixing, boiling points and surface tension except for composition dependence of boiling points of benzyl acetate and meta-cresol."

The absorption in lead of Bremsstrahlung X radiation from a Sr^90 TiO3 pellet in the proximity of Hastelloy "C" was measured. The tenth value layer of the more energetic components of the X-ray continuum was determined to be 1.60 inches.

Technical report. From Abstract : "The crystal structure of bis(meta-chlorobenzoyl) methane has been determined by three dimensional anisotropic least squares refinement of scintillation counter data. The molecule was found to be nearly planar with a maximum deviation from the least squares molecular plane of 0.068Å and an average deviation of 0.023Å. Fourier transform techniques to locate phenyl rings provided the key to the structure determination. The intramolecular bond distances and thermal parameters of the oxygen atoms support a resonant, enol ring with a symmetric, intramolecular hydrogen bond. The structure confirms conslusions from the structure of bis(meta-bromobenzoyl) methane where the symmetry of the molecule was forced by the crystal symmetry."

Methods for the noncorrosive removal of volatile fission products and UO2 dust from carbon steel and stainless steel have been developed. Procedures for applying these methods to the decontamination of the EGCR charge and service machines are described.

Considerable work has been done on decontamination procedures for both corrosion products and fission products. Testing of promising procedures under typical rupture conditions is an important phase of this work. The Irradiated Rupture Prototype (IRP) has been used since August in this evaluation work. This document is one of a series reporting these data.

A conductometric titration method described by Goldstein was adapted for use in a remote analytical facility. The results obtained by mean of experiments made prior to this adaptation indicated that methanol is the most satisfactory medium in which to determine excess sulfuric acid in uranyl sulfate solutions that stimulate Homogeneous Reactor type fuel. When methanol is used, the complexation of hydrolyzable ions with sodium fluoride, as described by Pepkowitz, Sabol, and Dustin, is not required.

Activities in a program to develop techniques in the use of pulsed neutron sources to measure shutdown parameters related to large thermal power reactors are reported. The experimental work centers around aspects of detecting neutrons in the presence of 10/sup 7/ r/hr gamma fields. Boric acid experiments and Humboldt Bay experiments are reported.

The biological evaluation of the thermal neutron capture reaction of boron-10, B10 (n,α)Li7 + 2.786 MeV, has previously been studied, using different particles from the boron-10 thermal neutron capture reaction compared with 250 kvp x-rays has been reported as 1.05 for spleen-thymic weight reduction (1), as 1.5 to 2.0 for skin lesions in pigs (2), and 1.87 for skin lesions of the rabbit's ear (3). The significance of such a calculation is felt to be unreliable for the boron-10 reaction in animals because of the vagaries of dose determination resulting from irregular boron distribution, and by the presence of an adventitious irradiation from fast neutrons and capture gammas that is inadequately determined at present. Our present experiment attempts to circumvent the difficulties attendent to studies of the boron-10 reaction in animals by comparing the effect of this reaction on the proliferative capacity of HeLa cells with those produced with 250 kvp x-ray.

This paper reports the chemical and physical properties of the NTA film packet. It correlates with these properties the response of this packet to neutrons of various energies. In this correlation the concept of the track unit is introduced as a basic unit for reporting film-packet response.

Technical report describing and evaluating the the three experimental methods for obtaining equation of state data at low temperatures; (1) approximate measurement of the PVT relationship by a piston-displacement technique, (2) the measurement of a heat capacity at constant volume as a function of molar volume and temperature, and (3) direct measurement of the pressure variation of the elastic constants using ultrasonic techniques. X-ray methods also might be applicable.

Abstract. The kangaroo rat is readily tamed and has certain characteristics that make it unique and of interest in highly specialized research programs. Studies were conducted on its ability to exist on a dried diet with only a bare minimum of water and that obtained from succulent plants. Hematological studies indicate that the kangaroo rat exhibits a different hematological distribution of cells than the mouse or rat. The lymphocyte constitutes 81.4% of the total leuokocytes. The hematocrit has a value of 46 to 48 in spite of the high degree of water conservation practiced by the animal. The response to ionizing radiation of this species does not differ from that reported for the mouse or rat. Behavior studies indicate that the digging characteristics of the kangaroo rat are similar to those of the gerbil. Furthermore, the animal shows definite psychotic tendencies under the influence of psychotomimetics like LSD-25 and psilocybin. An evaluation of the physiological responses of isolated tissues from this animal as well as its responses to anesthetics is being undertaken to evaluate its further usefulness in the laboratory.

EXPIRE is a calculation which predicts the reactivity-lifetime, instantaneous and integrated effective multiplication constants and instantaneous and integrated effective multiplication constants and instantaneous conversion ratio for heterogeneous reactors. The concentration of all the isotopes of interest from Th232 to Am243 are calculated as a function of time using the average reactor power density and a uniform flux distribution. The equations have been programmed for the IBM-704 computer and the average running time is approximately two minutes per reactor lifetime.

Release of fission products from UO2 with emphasis on fuel elements operated at higher surface temperatures and lower external pressures than those for pressurized-water systems.

From abstract: "The formation constants of the RChOH- species, formed by interaction of individual rare-earth nitrilotriacetate species and KOH at 25°C and an ionic strength of 0.1, have been determined by the potentiometric method, i.e., computed from the pH values of equilibrium mixtures containing varying proportions of rare-earth complex and base. The relationship of these constants to the ion-exchange separation of rare earths at high pH has been discussed."

The first man-made nuclear reactor -- or "pile" as it was then called -- was rather hurriedly improvised and operated in a crowded space under the athletic bleachers of Stagg Field at the University of Chicago on December 2, 1942. Just prior to this time, there began the assembly of a group of physicists with an unusual assignment. They were determined that radiation hazards of unprecedented proportions must be coped with successfully in the conduct of reactor programs as planned. Since these physicists were to be concerned with the health of radiation workers, they were called health physicists. There was no formal instruction available to this first group of health physicists and they perforce received training as they felt their way by firsthand experience and by trial and error. Health physics at Oak Ridge National Laboratory from the very beginning has been organized into three principal areas: applied activities, education and training and research.

A series of W-5 Re/W-26 Re thermocouples have been electron beam welded at the Hamilton Standard Division at our request. This technical report is a summary of our evaluation of these joints. These weldments did exhibit incomplete fusion in cap welds and some porosity in undesirable lead junction shapes. In fairness, this was a single attempt to make a difficult joint, and the objective of ungrounded 1/16 OD clad joints was met. As noted by Hamilton, two changes are necessary to improve this joint design: (1) swaging to forming the clad end rather than crimping prior to cap welding. (2) using a fixture with rotary motion on a tilting axis.

Abstract: The purpose of this report is to describe the problems inherent to general dielectric strength measurements, and to act as a guide in establishing a method for pulse dielectric strength measurements.

Multigroup one-dimensional calculations were done recently to obtain estimates of critical masses, power density distributions and fissioning spectra for some homogeneous molten salt reactors having outer reflectors and central "islands," placed inside the currently proposed MSRE vessel. For a 5-inch-thick outer reflector and 1-ft-diamter island, both beryllium, the calculated critical mass is 108 kg; 40 percent of the fissions occur at thermal, and the maximum power density of 3.9 times the core mean power density occurs at the island-salt interface. If the reflector thickness is increased to 10 inches, the critical mass is reduced to 34 kg; 67 percent of the fissions occur at thermal, and the peak power density of twice the core mean again occurs at the core island-salt interface.

The following report is part of a series of quarterly reports discussing investigations on the development of zirconium-base alloys having corrosion resistance and strength superior to Zircaloy-2 and/or development of materials of equivalent corrosion resistance by exhibiting enhanced strength. This report covers the period between May 29 and June 18 of 1958, made by the United States and the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM).