This report represents a critical review of existing reactor cooling systems and discusses suggested supplementary-cooling system which might be employed in emergencies resulting from such natural hazards as earthquake, equipment failure, or personnel error. In addition the subject of building filtration is discussed. Maintenance of an uninterrupted flow of cooling water is of major concern to the safety of any HAPO reactor. For some time supplementary cooling systems which would be capable of removing heat output in the event of failure in the existing emergency backup systems have been under scrutiny. Loss of coolant may cause damaging power excursion (should this occur during operation) or will inevitably result in fuel melting and a subsequent release of fission products to the atmosphere, even if the reactor is shut down prior to the loss of coolant.

Experiments are described that have been designed to measure separately annihilation and reaction cross sections for antiprotons of approximately 450 MeV on oxygen, copper, silver, and lead. A new and more luminous spectrograph has been built for this experiment. The antiproton cross sections a r e compared with total proton cross sections, and are found to be larger by a factor varying from 1.74 for oxygen to 1.39 for silver. Calculations based on the optical model give a reasonable connection between these cross sections and the 6-p and 6-n cross sections. Finally, the information available on antiproton production cross sections is collected. There are indications that a free nucleon is several times as effective as a bound one for producing antiprotons.

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The "ORACLE", Oak Ridge Automatic Computer and Logical Engine, was installed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory :in 1953 and.has been in operation since that time. This manual describes the machine's design, the number systems it uses, and its basic operations.

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This document discusses studies of the behavior of uranium metal as a fuel element which previously have been hampered by the lack of understanding of the nature of radiation damage to the crystal structures. With the aid of the double crystal x-ray spectrometer, samples from irradiated fuel elements which had receive total exposure of 150 MWD/T and 1,000 MWD/T were studied and gross radiation damage was not present. Although these findings are of a preliminary nature, they are well in agreement with theoretical calculations in which the equilibrium concentration of displaced atoms at temperatures above 200{degrees}C would be extremely low. Assuming this to be the case, most of the crystallographic imperfection induced by pile radiations must have been annealed out of the metal studied. On the basis of this work it would seem quite likely that some fundamental facts about the nature of radiation damage could be learned by keeping the temperature low. This production test is designed so as to give information regarding the crystal structure damage where the uranium temperature during irradiation and post-irradiation operations is kept below 35{degrees}C.

From introduction: This is the first in a series of reports describing an investigation of the chemistry of uranium(VI) orthophosphate solutions which is at present underway in this laboratory. Spectrophotometric, potentiometric and solubility studies have been carried out, and it is the first of these which is reported here.

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A controlled-temperature irradiation capsule was operated containing small fueled specimens at 160O to 1650 F. The design involved calculating the specimen heat-generation rate and designing an insulating gas gap around the specimens to achieve the desired temperature. Electric heaters were inserted to help control temperature. The thickness and composition of the gas gap were modified prior to operation on the basis of information on probable neutron flux obtained from a nuclear mock-ups and on the basis of information on the thermal resistance of various gas annuli obtained from a thermal mock-up. The desired irradiation temperature of 1625 F was achieved with a variation of sintering time 25 F. (auth)

In order to utilize the advantages of the electron microscope for the study of respirable particles, it is desirable to have an instrument capable of sampling from atmospheres having very sparse dispersions of particles at a rate sufficiently high to result in precipitation densities of approximately one particle per 10/u² of microscope screen for a 10 minute sampling period. In order to avoid qualitative or quantitative alteration of the aerosol, it was desired that the instrument collect the sample directly on an electron microscope screen rather than on a filter material for subsequent transfer to the screen. This paper summarizes work aimed at the development of such an instrument.

A report discussing a geologic reconnaissance of the Capitol Reef area, undertaken to evaluate the uranium deposits and determine their geologic characteristics.

Report on methods for making spherical uranium particles.

Motion pictures at camera speeds up to 3000 frames per second were taken of the combustion of liquid oxygen and gasoline in a 100-pound thrust rocket engine. The effect of seven methods of propellant injection on the uniformity of combustion was investigated. The flame front was generally found to extend to the injector faces and all the injection systems showed considerable nonuniformity of combustion. Pressure vibration records indicated combustion vibrations that corresponded to resonant-chamber frequencies.

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From abstract: "An investigation of the radiation stabilities of aqueous solutions of sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate and sodium acetate was made using a 3000-curie Co⁶⁰ source...A study of the behavior of the standard-size Beckman type glass pH electrodes in a solution containing 0.36 curie of Ce¹⁴⁴-Pr¹⁴⁴ activity per milliliter showed the useful electrode life to be of the order of two to eight days."

A wide range of irradiation testing facilities and services are present at the Hanford Atomic Products Operation. A number of these facilities are described as a means of illustrating the testing equipment and techniques which are currently in use. (auth)

Samples containing 5 to 10 mg of uranium were extracted with hexone (methyl isobutyl ketone) and titrated coulometrically in sulphate media. Relative standard deviations of 0.45% for samples containing 5 mg and 0.56% for 10 mg were determined by precision studies.

Samples containing 5 to 10 mg of uranium were extracted with hexone (methyl isobutyl ketone) and titrated coulometrically in sulfate media. Relative standard deviations of 0.43% for samples containing 5 mg and 0.56% for 10 mg were determined by precision studies. (auth)

This bibliography of the unclassified literature on radioactive waste treatment and disposal has been compiled from references published in the Nuclear Science Abstracts Volume 11, No. 11 (June 15, 1957), through Volume 12, No. 12 (June 30, 1958). The bibliography brings up to date a previous bibliography published as CF 57-8-138. (auth)

From abstract: General expressions relating product stream compositions to the operating conditions of countercurrent stagewise extraction columns are derived by an inductive method, and the conversion of the general equations to ones involving the particular case of constant extraction factor is demonstrated. For comparison, the derivation of simple column equations by the use of finite difference equations is included.

"Flow-angle and pressure surveys behind five, thin, pointed-tip wings of varying plan form have been made at Mach numbers 1.62 and 2.41. Schlieren studies at a Mach number 1.93 for the same five plan-form wings were made to illustrate the behavior of the vortex sheet. The surveys were conducted at 1.5, 3, and 4 root chords behind three triangular wings of 50 degree, 63 degree, and 72 degree leading-edge sweep angle, and behind the 50 degree triangular wing reversed" (p. 1067).

Annual report submitted by the Boy Scouts of America to Congress describing highlights from 1951, activities, public relations, programming, finance, organizational leadership, and other information about scouting programs.

Annual report submitted by the Boy Scouts of America to Congress describing highlights from 1955, activities, organizational leadership, and other information about scouting programs.

Report presenting the results of an investigation of flap-type controls on a low-aspect-ratio triangular wing using NACA 0005-63 sections for a constant-chord and a constant-percent-chord control surface. Two flap profiles were investigated: one with a true contour and the other with a blunt trailing edge. Results regarding lift, drag, pitching moment, hinge moment, and rolling moments were obtained for several Mach numbers, a constant Reynolds number, and a range of angles of attack.