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Airplane Drag (open access)

Airplane Drag

It has been less well understood that the induced drag (or, better said, the undesired increase in the induced drag as compared with the theoretical minimum calculated by Prandtl) plays a decisive role in the process of taking off and therefore in the requisite engine power. This paper seeks to clarify the induced drag.
Date: December 1929
Creator: Töpfer, Carl
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Balance of Moments and the Static Longitudinal Stability of Airplanes (open access)

The Balance of Moments and the Static Longitudinal Stability of Airplanes

A nomogram is developed which renders it possible by drawing a few lines, to determine: the location of the center of gravity for zero wing and tail moments; the longitudinal dihedral angle; the tail coefficient F(sub h) iota/F(sub t). Moreover there is no difficulty in determining the magnitude of the restoring moment or of the unstable moment.
Date: December 1929
Creator: Müller, Horst
System: The UNT Digital Library
Calculation of the Pressures on Aircraft Engine Bearings (open access)

Calculation of the Pressures on Aircraft Engine Bearings

For aircraft engines the three principal operating conditions are idling speed, cruising speed, and diving with the engine stopped. In what follows, we will discuss a method which affords a good idea of the course of pressure for the above mentioned operating conditions. The pressures produced in the driving gear are of three kinds; namely, the pressure due to gases, the pressure due to the inertia of the rotating masses, and the pressure due to the inertia of the reciprocating masses.
Date: December 1929
Creator: Steigenberger, O.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Contribution to the Aileron Theory (open access)

Contribution to the Aileron Theory

"In an attempt to treat theoretically the effect of ailerons, difficulty arises because an aileron may begin at any point of the wing. Hence the question arises as to how the transition of the lift distribution proceeds at such a point, since the effect of the aileron (i.e., the moment generated about the longitudinal axis) depends largely on this distribution. In order to answer this question regarding the lift distribution during irregular variations in the angle of attack at first independently of other influences, especially those of the wing tips, we have taken as the basis of the following theoretical discussion a wing of infinite span and constant chord which exhibits at one point an irregular variation in the angle of attack" (p. 1).
Date: December 1929
Creator: Betz, A. & Petersohn, E.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cantilever Wings for Modern Aircraft: Some Aspects of Cantilever Wing Construction with Special Reference to Weight and Torsional Stiffness (open access)

Cantilever Wings for Modern Aircraft: Some Aspects of Cantilever Wing Construction with Special Reference to Weight and Torsional Stiffness

In the foregoing remarks I have made an attempt to touch on some of the structural problems met with in cantilever wings, and dealt rather fully with a certain type of single-spar construction. The experimental test wing was a first attempt to demonstrate the principles of this departure from orthodox methods. The result was a wing both torsionally stiff and of light weight - lighter than a corresponding biplane construction.
Date: November 1929
Creator: Stieger, H. J.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Mathematical and Experimental Investigation of Heat Control and Power Increase in Air-Cooled Aircraft Engines (open access)

Mathematical and Experimental Investigation of Heat Control and Power Increase in Air-Cooled Aircraft Engines

In order to understand the numerical relations between the air velocity, temperature of the cylinder walls, heat dissipation, cylinder dimensions and type of construction an experimental plant was installed in the Siemens and Halske laboratory. The experimental cylinder was exposed to the air stream of a wind tunnel. The compression chamber was heated by an electrically heated oil bath kept constantly in motion by a stirrer. The wall temperatures were measured by thermocouples.
Date: November 1929
Creator: Gosslau, F.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Technical Details in the Structural Development of Rohrbach Seaplanes (open access)

Technical Details in the Structural Development of Rohrbach Seaplanes

"The recent trial flights and acceptance tests of the Rohrbach "Romar," the largest seaplane in the world, have yielded results fully confirming the principles followed in its development. Its take-off weight of 19,000 kg, its beating the world record for raising the greatest useful load to 2000 m by almost 2500 kg and its remarkable showing in the seaworthiness tests are the results of intelligent researches, the guiding principles of which are briefly set forth in this article" (p. 1).
Date: November 1929
Creator: Mathias, Gotthold & Holzapfel, Adolf
System: The UNT Digital Library
Unsymmetrical Forces in an Airplane Cell (open access)

Unsymmetrical Forces in an Airplane Cell

This paper calls attention to the desirability of expanding airplane building regulations to include proof of safety for cases of unsymmetrical loading, at least in the structural members which are thereby specially stressed. The flight cases involve increases of the customary load assumptions through rudder deflection and aileron deflection.
Date: November 1929
Creator: Vogt, R.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Experiments With a Wing Model From Which the Boundary Is Removed by Suction (open access)

Experiments With a Wing Model From Which the Boundary Is Removed by Suction

The present report deals with a series of tests made for the purpose of improving flow conditions about wings by applying the suction principle (increase of the lift coefficient and reduction of the drag about very thick wing sections). Though not conclusive, the report contains interesting results.
Date: October 1929
Creator: Schrenk, Oskar
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fire prevention on airplanes. Part 1 (open access)

Fire prevention on airplanes. Part 1

Various methods for preventing fires in airplanes are presented with most efforts centering around prevention of backfires, new engine and carburetor designs, as well as investigations on different types of fuels.
Date: October 1929
Creator: Sabatier, J.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fire prevention on airplanes. Part 2 (open access)

Fire prevention on airplanes. Part 2

This part of the report presents a detailed examination of spark prevention, fire extinguishers, and fuel tank location and design. A continued program of investigations and research is also proposed.
Date: October 1929
Creator: Sabatier, J.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Handley Page Metal Construction (open access)

Handley Page Metal Construction

In this report Handley Page construction techniques are shown such as: solid-drawn tubular duralumin spars are used in the stabilizer; plain channel sections are used extensively for minor components; and the manner of assembling them into a stabilizer compression strut is shown.
Date: October 1929
Creator: unknown
System: The UNT Digital Library
Information Obtained From Airplane Flight Tests in the Year 1927-1928 (open access)

Information Obtained From Airplane Flight Tests in the Year 1927-1928

The information obtained from flight tests in 1927-1928 covers chiefly the effect of the structural features of an airplane on its stability, controllability, maneuverability and spinning characteristics.
Date: October 1929
Creator: Hübner, W.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Metal Construction Development Part 4: Moments of Inertia of Thin Corrugated Sections (open access)

Metal Construction Development Part 4: Moments of Inertia of Thin Corrugated Sections

Memorandum presenting equations to calculate the moments of inertia of thin corrugated sections.
Date: September 1929
Creator: Pollard, H. J.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Travel of the Center of Pressure of Airfoils Transversely to the Air Stream (open access)

Travel of the Center of Pressure of Airfoils Transversely to the Air Stream

The experiments here described were performed for the purpose of obtaining the essential facts concerning the distribution of the air force along the span. We did not follow, however, the time-consuming method of point-to-point measurements of the pressure distribution on the wing surfaces, but determined directly the moment of mean force about an axis passing through the middle of the span parallel to the direction of flight.
Date: September 1929
Creator: Katzmayr, Richard
System: The UNT Digital Library
Welding of Stainless Materials (open access)

Welding of Stainless Materials

"It would appear that welds in some stainless steels, heat-treated in some practicable way, will probably be found to have all the resistance to corrosion that is required for aircraft. Certainly these structures are not subjected to the severe conditions that are found in chemical plants. This article should be considered as an outline of what can be done, not necessarily as instructions, which will enable anyone to obtain satisfactory results in commercial work" (p. 1).
Date: September 1929
Creator: Bull, H. & Johnson, Lawrence
System: The UNT Digital Library
Welding Rustproof Steels (open access)

Welding Rustproof Steels

The following experimental results will perhaps increase the knowledge of the process of welding rustproof steels. The experiments were made with two chrome-steel sheets and with two chrome-steel-nickel sheets having the composition shown in Table I.
Date: September 1929
Creator: Hoffmann, W.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Buckling Tests of Light-Metal Tubes (open access)

Buckling Tests of Light-Metal Tubes

Report presenting an attempt to determine mathematically the buckling-strength curves of various centrally loaded light-metal tubes which exhibit conspicuous differences of behavior under compressive loads. For this purpose, Von Karman's method is used after adapting it to special conditions.
Date: August 1929
Creator: Schroeder, August
System: The UNT Digital Library
Lautal as a Material for Airplane Construction (open access)

Lautal as a Material for Airplane Construction

Lautal is a refinable aluminum alloy which, unlike duralumin, contains no magnesium. According to the statements of the Lauta Works, lautal contains: aluminum, 94%; copper, 4%; silicon, 2%. The use of lautal as a construction material is discussed in relation to specific weight, production methods, and riveting tests.
Date: August 1929
Creator: Brenner, Paul
System: The UNT Digital Library
Metal Construction Development Part 1: General, Strip Metal Construction - Fuselage (open access)

Metal Construction Development Part 1: General, Strip Metal Construction - Fuselage

Memorandum presenting a general overview of aircraft constructed from metal and fuselages constructed from strip metal.
Date: August 1929
Creator: Pollard, H. J.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Metal Construction Development Part 2: Strip Metal Construction - Wing Spars (open access)

Metal Construction Development Part 2: Strip Metal Construction - Wing Spars

Memorandum describing the use of wing spars in metal aircraft. An overview of different types of spurs and testing of the spurs in aircraft are provided.
Date: August 1929
Creator: Pollard, H. J.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Metal Construction Development Part 3: Strip Metal Construction - Wing Ribs (open access)

Metal Construction Development Part 3: Strip Metal Construction - Wing Ribs

Strip metal construction of wing spars are presented as well as workshop practices.
Date: August 1929
Creator: Pollard, H. J.
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Analysis of Aircraft Structures as Space Frameworks: Method Based on the Forces in the Longitudinal Members (open access)

The Analysis of Aircraft Structures as Space Frameworks: Method Based on the Forces in the Longitudinal Members

The following examples do not take up the discussion of viewpoints to be heeded in determining the design of a framework for given external conditions. Rather they are methods for determining the forces in airplane fuselages and wings, though similar considerations are applied to certain simple cases of a different kind. The object of this treatise is to summarize and amplify these considerations from definite viewpoints.
Date: July 1929
Creator: Wagner, Herbert
System: The UNT Digital Library
Autogenous Welding in Airplane Construction (open access)

Autogenous Welding in Airplane Construction

Autogenous welding is discussed and various methods of testing those welds are presented.
Date: July 1929
Creator: Kuchel, Ludwig
System: The UNT Digital Library