Report discussing the progress of airplane performance and measured by speed.

Goldbeater's skin, which is the prepared outside membrane of the large intestine of an ox, is examined as a balloon fabric and details of how goldbeater's skin is prepared for use are provided. The construction techniques employed by Germany, France, and England are all discussed.

In this report we will consider, as the dominating characteristic, either the load carried, the speed, the radius of action, the fuel consumption, the activity of transport, or, lastly, the qualities of comfort and safety. The first four factors determine the theoretical efficiency, while the others determine its practical efficiency.

Report presenting an examination of the concept that aircraft are essentially fragile and deteriorate rapidly when in service, which the author considers to be a misunderstanding due to the intense conditions occurring during war. Some examples of commercial airplane lines that have been running for several years and some potential deterioration costs that must be considered are provided.

The author discusses cost of operating commercial airplanes and endeavors to clear up prevalent misunderstandings. Curves of operating cost for varying duration, speed, reserve horsepower, etc. are developed.

Different methods of presenting aeronautical artifacts are examined. The advantages of operating an aeronautical museum and its ability to increase public interest in aircraft are provided.

From Discussion: "To meet these unusual conditions three sets of ball-bearings were employed and arranged in tandem, thereby reducing their speeds by the ratio of the number of sets used, as shown in Fig.3. This proved to be a complete success. The results obtained in experiments with a two-blade, 4 foot propeller of series 2, are given in Fig. 9."

Different causes of airship shed collapse are discussed, with suction and human carelessness being the prime causes.

In the present state of things, there are three great problems to be solved, relating respectively to the financial, technical, and commercial aspects of the question of commercial aviation.

"One of the main subjects of airship science consists in establishing cooperation between two vertical forces, the buoyancy of the air and the attraction of gravity. The mechanism for establishing this cooperation must have the minimum weight and offer the minimum head resistance. Starting with this principle, let us consider what improvements can be made in the present type of non-rigid airships" (p. 1).

To facilitate standardization of certain terms and definitions relating to engines and airplanes a list of definitions is provided.

Report describing the development of the racing airplane and some of the types of airplanes that might be seen at the Detroit airplane races. The primary contribution of racing aircraft to general aircraft development is the modification in design that makes it possible to cut down the resistance to motion through the air.

Two different suspension methods for testing models in a wind tunnel are profiled with the Eiffel laboratory using rods and the Gottingen lab using wires. The method using wires is shown to be a much superior method.

This report examines tests of watches at low temperatures in order to develop a watch suitable for aviators.

Report presenting a description of considerations that go into the layout and building of an aircraft landing field or airstrip. Some of the elements considered include the shape and size of the plot, general arrangement, buildings present near the airstrip, runways, grass, roadways and railroad tracks, field markings, and some miscellaneous factors are provided.

Report describing some information that has been learned from three different glider meets. While light loading was assumed to be the optimal conformation from previous meets, subsequent meets have shown that heavier loading produced better results.

Data obtained in the Gottingen Aerodynamic Laboratory give considerable detail on the resulting air force moment exerted on various wing sections at different angles of attack. The Gottingen data can serve well to test the hydrodynamic theory, which (on the assumption of uniform motion and hence of infinitely wide wings) renders it possible to compute this moment as a function of the angle of attack. The Gottigen data can well serve to test the theory and it may be noted that experiment and computation compare favorably.

Report presenting some of the early history of metal aircraft construction and its advantages over other types of materials.

Report presenting an examination of the errors that result from testing an aircraft model and applying the results to full-sized airplanes. An investigation is carried out to determine how to obtain comparable polars regardless of whether the supports are attached to the upper or lower side of the model.

An aircraft freed from all contact with the ground during most of the period of its operation, is nevertheless dependent on the provision of proper ground organization. The provision of landing fields scattered over the country for the benefit of civil or military pilots who may arrive from any direction constitutes the first step in making commercial flying possible.

"The Boerner airship is built on entirely different principles from ordinary airships, of which the Zeppelin is the best known type. Mr. Boerner has abandoned the rigid body of the Zeppelin and has adopted a body with a double keel forming a rigid platform for attaching the gas ballonets, which must support the whole in the air" (p. 1).

The marketing and advertising of air transport is discussed in this article.

The engine of a commercial airplane must, above all, be sure and durable. It seems therefore, that we must use engines with vertical cylinders or in the V form with quite a small angle.

"A device which does for the aircraft what change speed gears do for the automobile is the invention of Spencer Heath. It comprises a system of special blades and a mechanism for varying the pitch of the blades from zero to 360 degrees, while in flight or otherwise. By adjusting the pitch, either before starting or while the engine is running, to a less than normal angle, the engine is allowed to pick up speed and deliver its maximum power which is necessary in taking-off with a heavier load than the same airplane could otherwise normally carry" (p. 1).