Authors of the article assert that isoflavonoids play important roles in plant defense and also exhibit a range of mammalian health-promoting activities. They emphasize that understanding the structural basis of isoflavone biosynthesis will facilitate the engineering of new bioactive isoflavonoids.

Article says that horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a major source of phenotypic innovation and a mechanism of niche adaptation in prokaryotes. Methods for detecting HGT can be classified into phylogenetic-based and parametric or composition-based approaches, so authors exploited the complementary strengths of both the approaches to construct a high confidence horizontal gene flow network. The scale-free horizontal gene flow network presented here provides new insights into modes of transfer for the exchange of genetic information and also illuminates differential gene flow across phyla.

Article describes how postmenopausal women are severely affected by recurrent urinary tract infection (rUTI). The authors perform shotgun metagenomics and advanced culture on urine from a controlled cohort of postmenopausal women to identify urogenital microbiome compositional and function changes linked to rUTI susceptibility.

The editors have retracted their article Gold Nanoparticles-enabled Efficient Dual Delivery of Anticancer Therapeutics to HeLa cells. Concerns were brought to the attention of the Editors with respect to apparent inappropriate manipulation of the data in seven of the nine panels shown in Figure 7. The Editors no longer have confidence in the data reported in this Article.

Article describes how both biochemically and genetically, that ascorbate (AsA) is an alternative “starter unit” to flavan-3-ol monomers for leucocyanidin-derived (+)-catechin subunit extension in the Arabidopsis thaliana anthocyanidin synthase (ans) mutant. The authors' findings advance the knowledge of (+)-catechin-type PA extension and indicate that PA oligomerization does not necessarily proceed by sequential addition of a single extension unit. AsA-[C]n defines a new type of PA intermediate which we term “sub-PAs”.

This article explores the ability of Arabidopsis thaliana to recover after exposure to freezing temperatures.

Article describes a new taxon of terrestrial bird of the genus Aphrastura (rayaditos) inhabiting the Diego Ramírez Archipelago, the southernmost point of the American continent. The authors state that the discovery of this endemic passerine highlights the need to monitor and conserve this still-pristine archipelago devoid of exotic species, which is now protected by the recently created Diego Ramírez Islands-Drake Passage Marine Park.

Article describes how rapid urbanization has influenced the transformation of local and global food systems, altering the availability, access to, and distribution of healthy food. Micronutrient deficiency and hunger have been exacerbated worldwide. The author's research proposes a simulation strategy to evaluate the impact of agricultural land use and crop choices on nutritional production in rapidly growing urban areas.

This article proposes an urban nutrition (UN) extension to the previously published urban ecological economic system. The proposed extension can be used by decision makers worldwide to evaluate how landscape configurations and agricultural production systems affect the nutritional needs of the local population while fostering sustainable practices.

Article comparing the microbial communities of three isolates from different species of the genus Symbiodinium (formerly known as Symbiodinium clade A) with different ecophysiology, levels of interaction with the animal host, and thermal adaptations. Results suggest that bacteria associated or co-cultured with thermotolerant Symbiodinium might play an important role in thermotolerance.

Article presents a study that reveals the dynamics of transcriptomic responses to age- and dark-induced senescence in M. truncatula and identifies senescence-associated TFs that are attractive targets for future work to control senescence in forage legumes.

This article presents research to sequence the transcriptome of H. vastatrix race XXXIII to obtain a database for use as a reference in studies of the interaction between the fungus and coffee. In addition, the authors aim to identify differentially expressed genes that have the potential to act as effector proteins during the interaction.

This article is a study that represents the first transcriptome analysis of E+ and E− Texoma tall fescue under freezing and chilling temperatures in the natural field environment.

Article discusses how the global sequencing of microRNA (miRNA; miR) and integration to downstream mRNA expression profiles in early life stages (ELS) of fish following exposure to crude oil determined consistently dysregulated miRNAs regardless of the oil source or fish species. The overlay of differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs into in silico software determined that the key roles of these miRNAs were predicted to be involved in cardiovascular, neurological and visually-mediated pathways.

Article asserts that oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is an important crop that is cultivated for the oil (mainly triacylglycerol; TAG) it produces in its seeds. The author's results show that up-regulation of these key enzymes differentially affects lipid composition and distribution as well as lipid-associated gene expression, providing important information which could be used to improve crop properties by metabolic engineering.