Resource Type

A Computer Program to Optimize Magnets in a Beam Transport System* (open access)

A Computer Program to Optimize Magnets in a Beam Transport System*

A computer program which optimizes the locations and strengths of magnets in a beam transport system has been written for the IBM 704 and 7090 computers Programs have been previously written which trace a ray through a system of magnets and determine its focusing properties When using such a program, one examines the characteristics of the emergent beam and then varies the parameters of the system manually to optimize it In the program which will now be described, the computer itself performs the examination and varies the parameters.
Date: [..1962]
Creator: Baker, W. F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Acceleration of Deuterons or Alpha Particles in the AGS (open access)

Acceleration of Deuterons or Alpha Particles in the AGS

The magnetic field of the AGS ring can contain particles of magnetic rigidity about 34 Bv/c. This includes not only protons of kinetic energy 33 Bev, but also 32 Bev deuterons, 64 Bev alpha particles, and conceivably heavier nuclei such as 188 Bev carbon nuclei. It will be shown in this paper that such nuclei can be injected and accelerated in the AGS if some rather small modifications are made in the injection and acceleration systems. What physics could be done with such beams? Several types of experiments may be suggested. In the first place, since the deuteron is a rather loosely bound combination of a neutron and a proton, it is likely to break up when it hits a target nucleus (stripping reaction). In a considerable fraction of the collisions the neutron will go straight on with essentially unchanged energy (half the deuteron energy). Therefore, with an internal target bombarded by 30 Bev deuterons one should obtain an intense, rather well collimated and monochromatic beam of 15 Bev neutrons in the forward direction.
Date: December 28, 1962
Creator: Courant, E. D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
HAPO IB Fission Product Shipping Cask Design Evaluation Report (open access)

HAPO IB Fission Product Shipping Cask Design Evaluation Report

As a result of the interest in fission products for use as heat sources and/or radiation sources, in early 1960. Hanford was authorized to supply a semi-refined cerium-144 rare earth product to Oak Ridge National Laboratories. Facilities were installed for collecting this product and a cask war designed for shipping this product as a stabilized, dry powder. Since that time, numerous improvements have been made in the design of the HAPO I cask as described in Revision O of this document. In addition, the development of strontium-90 as a major product requires increased flexibility in the utilization of these casks.
Date: December 28, 1962
Creator: Smith, C. W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Heavy Element Isotopic Analysis of UO2 Fuel Irradiated In The VBWR: Report #1 (open access)

Heavy Element Isotopic Analysis of UO2 Fuel Irradiated In The VBWR: Report #1

The primary objective of this program is to obtain improved data on the changes in nuclear characteristics with burnup of uranium oxide fuel in a boiling water reactor.
Date: December 28, 1962
Creator: Hackney, M. R. & Ruiz, C. P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Correlation for Boiling Heat Transfer to Saturated Fluids in Convective Flow (open access)

A Correlation for Boiling Heat Transfer to Saturated Fluids in Convective Flow

An additive mechanism of micro- and macro-convective heat transfer was formulated to represent boiling heat transfer with net vapor generation to saturated, non-metallic fluids in convective flow. The final equations are [equations not transcribed]. The second equation will be recognized as the Dittus-Boelter equation with the additional factor F. The two functions F and S are defined as [equations not transcribed] where Re is the effective Reynolds number for the two-phase fluid and ΔTe is the effective superheat for bubble growth. F and S were obtained as functions of the Martinelli parameter and the two-phase Reynolds number, respectively. The correlation was tested with available data for water and organic fluids. Data from different sources which could not be satisfactorily correlated by existing correlations were shown to be quite well correlated by the one presently proposed. The average deviation between calculated and measured boiling coefficients for all data points from nine experimental cases was ±11%
Date: December 26, 1962
Creator: Chen, John C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
NBS Viscometer Calibrating Liquids and Capillary Tube Viscometers (open access)

NBS Viscometer Calibrating Liquids and Capillary Tube Viscometers

Report discussing measurements of viscosity made with relative viscometers. These instruments must be calibrated with liquids whose viscosities are known. NBS provides a series of 10 oils for this purpose. Their viscosities range from 0.02 to 450 poises and their temperature coefficients of viscosity range from 2.1 to 9.4 percent per degree C. The less viscous oils are more stable. Correction formulas for errors or conditions are presented.
Date: December 26, 1962
Creator: Hardy, R. C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Influence of Low Concentrations of Crystal Defects on Thermal Annealing of Recoil Br82 in Hexabromoethane (open access)

Influence of Low Concentrations of Crystal Defects on Thermal Annealing of Recoil Br82 in Hexabromoethane

When the nucleus of an atom in a crystalline solid undergoes radiative neutron capture there is disruption of the crystal in the vicinity of the event due to energetic processes accompanying the nuclear transformation. This local disruption has been termed a "hot-zone" or "displacement spike". The chemical state of a transformed recoil atom immediately following transformation is unknown. Within a microsecond the "hot zone" has cooled sufficiently to "freeze" the recoil atom into a stable (or metastable) chemical state. A fraction of the metastable recoil atoms can undergo thermal annealing reactions, and the chemical nature of the metastable state can sometimes be inferred from annealing data. It is characteristic of these reactions that the recoil atoms tend to be reincorporated into the parent chemical form.
Date: December 20, 1962
Creator: Collins, Kenneth E. & Harbottle, Garman
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Design of a Pilot Plant Facility for Radioactive Demonstration of the Pot Calcination Process (open access)

Design of a Pilot Plant Facility for Radioactive Demonstration of the Pot Calcination Process

Report regarding the process development work at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, including project objectives, design considerations, descriptions of equipment, and estimated costs.
Date: December 14, 1962
Creator: Wheeler, B. R. & Buckham, James Andrew
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Crystal Structure of Bis(Meta-Chlorobenzoyl) Methane (open access)

The Crystal Structure of Bis(Meta-Chlorobenzoyl) Methane

Technical report. From Abstract : "The crystal structure of bis(meta-chlorobenzoyl) methane has been determined by three dimensional anisotropic least squares refinement of scintillation counter data. The molecule was found to be nearly planar with a maximum deviation from the least squares molecular plane of 0.068Å and an average deviation of 0.023Å. Fourier transform techniques to locate phenyl rings provided the key to the structure determination. The intramolecular bond distances and thermal parameters of the oxygen atoms support a resonant, enol ring with a symmetric, intramolecular hydrogen bond. The structure confirms conslusions from the structure of bis(meta-bromobenzoyl) methane where the symmetry of the molecule was forced by the crystal symmetry."
Date: December 13, 1962
Creator: Engebretson, Gordon R. & Rundle, R. E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
High Voltage Electron Beam Welding of W-RE Thermocouples (open access)

High Voltage Electron Beam Welding of W-RE Thermocouples

A series of W-5 Re/W-26 Re thermocouples have been electron beam welded at the Hamilton Standard Division at our request. This technical report is a summary of our evaluation of these joints. These weldments did exhibit incomplete fusion in cap welds and some porosity in undesirable lead junction shapes. In fairness, this was a single attempt to make a difficult joint, and the objective of ungrounded 1/16 OD clad joints was met. As noted by Hamilton, two changes are necessary to improve this joint design: (1) swaging to forming the clad end rather than crimping prior to cap welding. (2) using a fixture with rotary motion on a tilting axis.
Date: December 13, 1962
Creator: Doyle, J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Weighting of Intensities (open access)

The Weighting of Intensities

Technical report. From report : "The method of least squares refinement is based on the prediction of the theory of errors that, if the errors of the observed structure factors follow the Gaussian distribution, the most nearly correct atomic parameters will be those which result in the minimization of the residual R = Σi [√wi(|Fo| - |Fc|)i]2."
Date: December 13, 1962
Creator: Hershaft, Alex & Corbett, John D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Molten-Salt Reactor Program Semiannual Progress Report: for Period Ending August 31, 1962 (open access)

Molten-Salt Reactor Program Semiannual Progress Report: for Period Ending August 31, 1962

Report containing ongoing projects and experiments undertaken by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Molten-Salt Reactor Program.
Date: December 12, 1962
Creator: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Two-Phase Pressure Losses Third Quarterly Progress Report August 12-November 12, 1962 (open access)

Two-Phase Pressure Losses Third Quarterly Progress Report August 12-November 12, 1962

This is the third quarterly report on the work done under Contract AT(04-30-189, Project Agreement No.27, and covers the period August 12 to November 12, 1962.
Date: December 12, 1962
Creator: Janssen, E. (Engineer) & Kervinen, J. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Oak Ridge Analytical Chemistry Division Annual Progress Report: 1962 (open access)

Oak Ridge Analytical Chemistry Division Annual Progress Report: 1962

Report issued by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory discussing progress and work conducted by the Chemistry Division.
Date: December 11, 1962
Creator: Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Chemistry Division.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Comparison of OH- Motions in Brucite and Micas (open access)

A Comparison of OH- Motions in Brucite and Micas

Despite similar atomic arrangement, Brucite (Mg(OH)2) and phlogopite (KMg3(OH)2(Al,Si3)O10) present striking difference in their infrared spectra. A single absorption band is observed in phlogopite whence brucite possesses a total of 15 bands on both sides of the fundamental. A comparison of the hydroxides with micas provides supporting evidence that the complexity of the hydroxide spectra is due to interactions between neighboring hydroxyl groups. Each mineral contains a layer of magnesium ions possessing trigonal symmetry. Both minerals contain hydroxyl ion is located in such a way that it is in contract with three magnesium ions.
Date: December 7, 1962
Creator: Boutin, Henri & Bassett, William
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Electron Spin Resonance Studies of Gamma-Irradiated Ferrocene (open access)

Electron Spin Resonance Studies of Gamma-Irradiated Ferrocene

The object of this study was to determine the nature of the free radicals induced in ferrocene by Co60 gamma rays. The irradiations were carried out on the powder at 77°K and on the single crystals at 193°K. The variation of the splitting factor, g, of the signals observed when the single crystals were oriented at different angles relative to the external magnetic field direction, indicated the existence of three types of resonance peaks. It was possible to correlate these variations with the molecular orientations in the crystal unit cell and with the spatial arrangement of the molecular orbitals. Taking into account the spectral changes observed after thermal annealing of the crystal, the existence of the following free radicals has been suggested: 1) a straight molecule-ferricinium ion, 2) a bent molecule-ferricinium ion, and 3) a cyclopentadienyl radical with four protons, the fifth having been transferred to the iron atom. A signal with a cylindrically symmetric g tensor, observed at 77°K, has been assigned to another radical but its nature was not fully established.
Date: December 7, 1962
Creator: Saito, Eiichi
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Metabolism of Fission Products in Man: Marshallese Experience (open access)

Metabolism of Fission Products in Man: Marshallese Experience

Information on the metabolism of fission products in man has been obtained largely from studies carried out with parenterally-administered soluble salts of radioisotopes administered in medical treatment or in tracer studies. The recent development of the whole-body gamma spectrometer with its highly sensitive detection system has been of considerable value in extending these studies by providing data on very low levels of isotopes in man over long periods of time.
Date: December 7, 1962
Creator: Cohn, S. M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Plant Fructose-1,6-Diphosphatases (open access)

Plant Fructose-1,6-Diphosphatases

Several important metabolic processes in plants involve the conversion of triose phosphate to hexose monophosphate. These include the synthesis of carbohydrates from precursors such as pyruvate and acetyl-coenzyme A, the reductive pentose phosphate cycle of photosynthesis, and the oxidative pentose phosphate cycle. This conversion cannot be accomplished solely by glycolytic enzymes because of the irreversible nature of phosphofructokinase. Racker and Schroeder (1958) have suggested two possible enzymic pathways for the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from triose phosphate. The most direct route is via a phosphate specific for the phosphates attached to carbon-1 of FDP. A combination of aldolase, transaldolase and sedoheptulose diphosphates may provide an alternative pathway.
Date: December 7, 1962
Creator: Saillie, Robert M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Radiation Effects on Cell Renewal Systems (open access)

Radiation Effects on Cell Renewal Systems

Much of the early work in radiation biology was predicted on the assumption that radiation effects could be understood in terms of a single mechanism. This "single mechanism" was studied on appropriate biological test objects that could be developed into biological dosimeters. Attempts were made to assess the properties of "the" biological effects from the relations of "biological dose" (skin dose, bean dose, fly dose, etc.) to physical parameters of irradiation. Notwithstanding the rigidity of this approach, some useful generalizations emerged. During the past 20 years or so, it has become increasingly obvious that ionizing radiations may affect living systems in different ways, and that what is true in one cell, tissue, or species and in one set of circumstances does not necessarily apply to another situation. Accordingly, the search for a single mechanism was replaced by dedicated application to specific detail. In consequence, we now know a great deal about the fine structure of some radiation effects, and there is once again a tendency to formulate generalizations. This paper will attempt to analyze the mechanism of a well-defined syndrome that arises in certain cell systems after a single dose of ionizing radiation. Our attention will be directed mainly to …
Date: December 7, 1962
Creator: Patt, Harvey M. & Quastler, Henry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Some Specific Considerations of the Potential Hazards of Heavy Primary Cosmic Rays (open access)

Some Specific Considerations of the Potential Hazards of Heavy Primary Cosmic Rays

The radiation of the Van Allen belts and the solar flares consists primarily of electrons and protons, the biological effects of which are reasonably well known. However, there is a very small component of the galactic cosmic rays which consists of stripped atomic nuclei of atoms as heavy as iron. The biological effects of such particles have not been extensively investigated because it is impossible to produce them in the laboratory with an energy high enough to use for mammalian experiments. Consequently it has been necessary to approach the problem by indirect methods.
Date: December 7, 1962
Creator: Curtis, Howard J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Status Report Number Three on Clinch River Study (open access)

Status Report Number Three on Clinch River Study

Report describing the progress made in the Clinch River Study for the period May to October 1961. This report is based off of multiple reports of water sampling conducted across six stations in order to evaluate the safety and radioactive content of the Clinch River.
Date: December 6, 1962
Creator: Morton, R. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fabrication of Zirconium Alloys For Specific Zirconium Alloy Design Program (open access)

Fabrication of Zirconium Alloys For Specific Zirconium Alloy Design Program

The raw materials and fabrication procedures employed in preparing thirty two zirconium alloy compositions for evaluation as described in GEAP-3979 are reported. Considerations involved in the extension of reported laboratory procedures to larger scale production are discussed.
Date: December 5, 1962
Creator: Antony, K. C. & Jones, L. T.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Computer Programs Using Zonal Harmonics for Magnetic Properties of Current Systems with Special Reference to the IBM 7090 (open access)

Computer Programs Using Zonal Harmonics for Magnetic Properties of Current Systems with Special Reference to the IBM 7090

Report that "discusses the magnetic vector and scalar potentials, magnetic field components and their derivatives, and flux linkage for single current systems, and the mutual inductance, forces and torques between two such systems, whose axes are coplanar but not necessarily coincident" (p. 1).
Date: December 4, 1962
Creator: Garrett, M. W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Accurate Nuclear Fuel Burnup Analyses: Fourth Quarterly Progress Report September-November, 1962 (open access)

Accurate Nuclear Fuel Burnup Analyses: Fourth Quarterly Progress Report September-November, 1962

Work has continued on the development of accurate nuclear fuel burnup analysis. Work performed during the fourth quarter is summarized here.
Date: December 1, 1962
Creator: Rider, B. F.; Ruiz, C. P. & Peterson, J. P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library