Report containing lists of communities within the United States that have a population over 1,000 and that have water supplies that contain total dissolved solids over 1,000 parts per million. These are listed separately by state and resource region.

From Summary: "Heat transfer coefficients for 2-, 2.5-, and 3-inch diameter horizontal aluminum-brass tubes are presented and correlated as functions of tube diameter, tube spacing, feed rate, feed salinity, heat flux, boiling point, and vapor velocity. A model of the heat transfer mechanism is proposed to explain and correlate the results."

From Introduction: "The Sixth Annual Report presents a wide variety of information findings and recommendations concerning the Multiple-Effect VTE evaporation method of desalination. The included data are derived from the results obtained from operation, maintenance, and development studies conducted for the the U.S. Department of the Interior, Office of Saline Water, at Freeport, Texas. Not only are the technical, logistical, and economical evaluations for the Fiscal Year 1967 operations presented herein, but also the process and mechanical development program results as related to the process in particular, and desalination in general."

From Introduction: "In this study, data has been obtained on radioactive nuclide concentrations in nuclear power plants of both the BWR direct cycle and the PWR indirect cycle. These data, together with leakage rates actually experienced in the PWR steam generators and with assumed leakage rates in brine heaters, are used to calculate concentrations of radioactive nuclides in the water plant product and effluent."

Report that presents "information, findings, and recommendations concerning the multiple-effect falling-film-evaporation method of desalination" (p. 1).

Report investigating the feasibility of the Atomics International Direct Contact Condensation Multistage Flash (DCC-MSF) Distillation process using "analytical and experimental studies on a direct contact condensation module and a plastic film heat exchanger. (p. iii)

Report concerning research for the purpose of designing a fluted tube in downflow Vertical Tube Evaporator (VTE) operation. Liquid flowrate, salinity, and temperature are studied.

From Introduction: "This report contains the results of a research study on the "Value of Desalted Water for Irrigation" undertaken in January 1967 by the Bureau of Reclamation and the Saline Water, United Sates Department of the Interior. The objectives of the study were: a. To determine, through application of desalting techniques, the costs and benefits associated with the progressive decreases in the salinity of irrigation water supplies. b. To identify the possible means of introducing desalted water into irrigation supply systems. To relate current desalting technology to potential applications in agriculture."

Report containing an "economic and engineering analysis of the electrodialysis process" among eighteen different cases.

Report that examines the feasibility of lowering the operational cost of combining the production of desalted water, ammonia, and electricity.

Report describing a contract to study laminar flow in narrow channels as a possible alternative to turbulent flow in wider channels for minimizing the losses in efficiency due to concentration polarization in the reverse osmosis process for desalination of sea water. A laboratory study and a practical study were both undertaken.

Report regarding the first year of work designing and constructing a portable reverse osmosis pilot plant for converting brackish water.

Report that "covers the field operation of a 36-in. diameter pressure-vessel-type reverse osmosis system over a seven month period and the post-operational inspection of the unit and associated hardware" - (p. 1).

From Introduction: "A new concept, that of lateral permeation of product water through a porous substrate, is the basis for both the cost reduction study of plate-and-frame reverse osmosis units and the study of field replacement of membrane and is therefore the subject of the development studies encompassed by this report."

From Introduction and Summary: "This report is essentially a continuation of Aerojet Report No. F1027-01-A, submitted to the Office of Saline Water in may 1967. These two reports present the results of the efforts under Contract No. DI 14-01-0001-930 and all amendments. * "

From Introduction: "This report covers the operation at Webster, South Dakota of an Aerojet Model 1-56OB-2 reverse osmosis (RO) unit purchased by the office of Saline Water (OSW) from Aerojet-General Corporation under Contract 14-0100001-1112."

From Introduction and Summary: "The overall objective of this program was to develop an economical tubular reverse osmosis system for desalination of brackish water. Major emphasis was placed on the following aspects of the system. The work accomplished is summarized in the following paragraphs."

Report presenting the initial research concerning the SUL-biSUL process, which employed laboratory scale apparatus investigating the chemical reaction mechanisms of anion resin exhaustion. Subsequent preliminary studies employed pilot scale equipment investigating performance characteristics utilizing synthesized brackish water.

Report demonstrating the concept of a small and disposable reverse-osmosis cartridge. Research includes "1) a search for suitable membrane supporting structures and materials during which the hydrodynamic characteristics of a number of potential materials were evaluated, 2) the evaluation of reverse-osmosis membranes cast directly on support materials and on reinforcing materials, and 3) the design, fabrication and testing of a small reverse-osmosis cartridge" (p. 1).

From Introduction: "The first demonstration plant sponsored by the Office of Saline Water was located in Freeport, Texas, and came 'on stream" in 1961. The incoming sea water was deaerated since both Speller (6) and Uhlig (7) recognized that dissolved oxygen was usually the controlling factor in the corrosion of iron stream condensate at temperatures even as high 400 degrees F. The water was acidified prior to daeration with H2SO4 to decompose the carbonates which subsequently would cause scale when the water was heated. After the carbonates were removed, the pH was raised to the neutral point, again to provide a less corrosive environment."

Report issued by the Office of Saline Water over the development of the secondary refrigerant freeze desalination process. The process is presented and discussed. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.

From Preface - Part 1: "This report contains ORNL's description of the reference design followed by Bechtel's engineering review and cost estimate."

From Summary: "The results of such experiments are summarized as follows: 1. Anion-responsive electrodes formed with Kraton, graphite, Norit, and Amberlite CG-4B demineralized well at currents up to 10 milli-amperes; regeneration was efficient up to 8 milliamperes. 2. Satisfactory anion-responsive electrodes containing Amberlite IRA-68 could only be formed when resin was first ground while in the sulfate form; it was required that it be added to the paste mixture (Kraton, Norit, and graphite) in the same form."

Report concerning "the development of techniques and mathematical models for an optimum design of a Vertical Tube Evaporator desalting plant." (p. 1)