Discussion of laboratory tests to reduce uranium corrosion.

Report discussing the problem of point-to-point radio communication on the moon. Equations and curves are presented to estimate power requirements in lunar communication systems. Consideration is given to ground wave attenuation over both layered and non-layered grounds, antenna ground losses in situations where ground screens are impractical, noise level estimates in the receiving system, and the effects on propagation of possible lunar ionospheres. An example of the calculation of required power for a particular communication system is given, and further studies are suggested.

Over the past 13 years a considerable body of data on explosive cratering has been developed for application to nuclear excavation projects. These data were obtained from some ten cratering programs using chemical explosives (TNT or nitromethane) and seven nuclear cratering detonations. The types of media studied have ranged from marine muck to hard, dry basalt, although most effort has been devoted to craters in NTS desert alluvium and basalt. Considerable effort has also been devoted to the study with chemical explosives of the use of linear explosives and rows of point charges. This paper is intended to be a summary of these data and a statement of the understanding which has been developed from them.

From introduction: "Summary report of the 1000 MWe Boiling Water Reactor Plant Feasibility Study performed by the General Electric Company."

From introduction: "Presents the detailed description of a 1000 MW Electric Power Plant employing one or two Boiling Water Reactors as the steam source."

From introduction: "Contains the appendices and a complete set of drawings related to the 1000 MWe Boiling Water Reactor Plant Feasibility Study performed by the General Electric Company for the United States Atomic Energy Commission."

One of the more apparent differences between acute and chronic irradiation is that exposure in the former is generally confined to a small fraction of a single mitotic cycle while in the latter; exposure of mitotically active tissue usually involves at least several cycles. Because of this difference, the number of cells in each stage of interphase would be of primary importance in acute radiation experiments since radiosensitivity is not the same in the G1, S and G2 periods. The duration of the total mitotic cycle should be more important in chronic experiments because most of the cells in the tissue will have passed through each of the interphase stages (G1, S and G2) during the period of irradiation thus negating any different effect.

Recently, we reported that the administration of the thyroid hormone, L-triiodothyronine (T3), markedly accelerated the development of experimental hypertension associated with a high-salt intake in intact rate. Earlier, Selye and his associates and Masson, Corcoran, and Page has observed a similar effect from thyroxin in uninephrectomized salt-fed rats. We were aware of the fact that oxidative phosphorylation is uncoupled by the thyroid hormone and were intrigued by the possibility that such uncoupling was instrumental in the accelerated development of the hypertension observed. The work reported here was undertaken with this possibility in mind; it was based on the well documented observation of Loomis and Lipmann that dinitrophenol reversibly inhabits oxidative phosphorylation. The present studies indicates that 2, 4-dinitrophenol, like L-triiodothyronine, can also rapidly induce hypertension in salt-fed rate. These observations have led us to develop a working hypothesis that may have general implications relative to the pathogenesis of hypertension in man.

Though only recently established, this concept has been developing for a long time. More than thirty years ago Dubinin, Serebrovsky, and other, investigating the phenotypes of a number of "achaete-scute" alleles of Drosophilia melanogaster, found that the alleles could be arranged in a definite series accoding to bristle patters, and also that the heterozygotes lacked only those bristles which were affected in common by both participating alleles. They concluded that the serial classification of alleles according to bristle patters had its counterpart in a similar arrangement of portions of the achaete-scute gene locus. On this assumption they divided the locus into twelve elementary subunits. It was assumed that each allele arose by a change involving a certain combination of these centres. According to their theory, the achaete-scute locus is made up of separate, regularly spaced, and linearly arranged functional units. Several years later, Oliver described the occurrence of crossing over between two alleles of the "lozenge" locus. Then Green and a number of other workers analyzed similar phenomena in different regions of Drosophila chromosome. During the same period Lewis developed the theory of pseudoallelism, which interprets the occurrence of recombinants in interallelic crosses as the result of gene duplications. Thus …

The vibrational spectra between 1000 and 30 cm-1, derived from measurements of the inelastic scattering of "cold" neutrons, are presented for isotactic polypropylene at samples temperatures below and above both the glass transition and the melting point. A tentative assignment of the observed modes is suggested by comparison with recent calculations by Miyazawa, Ideguchi, and Fukushima of the optically active phases of the fundamental vibrations for an isotactic helical polypropylene chain and with the neutron measurements of the low frequency modes in highly-crystalline polyethylene. In addition to the skeletal optical modes, the neutron spectra for isotactic polypropylene indicate the existence of two acoustic modes - skeletal deformation and skeletal torsion - with high frequency limits at 620 ± 50 cm-1 and 110 ± 10 cm-1, respectively. As in polyethylene, these modes appear to be strongly influenced by the presence and phase of the disorder in the sample. Similar spectra for atactic polypropylene above and below the glass transition show a much less pronounced structure, although weak bands are observed which correlate well with the skeletal optical modes observed in the isotactic polymer.

An additive, interacting mechanism of micro and macro-convective heat transfer is proposed to represent boiling heat transfer with net vapor generation to saturated liquid metals in convective flow. Based on this mechanism, a method for calculating boiling coefficients is developed. The correlating is shown to be in fair agreement with early experimental results for convective boiling of potassium and sodium.

Treatment of Pisum root meristems with nutrient solutions containing tritiated thymidine (H3-T) and colchicine simultaneously labeled cells in two different segments of the mitotic cycle. Tracings of the serial progression of these differently labeled cells through mitosis resembled sine-cosine curves. When the labeled cells are in interphase the sign of the curves is negative, when they are in mitosis the sign is positive. The concept of the mitotic cycle in terms of trigonometric functions was presented as one way of transferring cycle from a celestial time scale to that of a biological clock.

From abstract: "The results of recent measurements on the equations of state of sodium and xenon are discussed. The experimental data for each of these are analyzed to show that the isothermal compressibility is solely a function of volume within experimental accuracy. The basic differences between the low temperature PV relationships for sodium and xenon are shown to be easily understandable in terms of the elementary theories of these substances. The range of experimental pressures (to 20 kbars) and temperatures (20°K to the triple point) is sufficiently great so as to produce significant changes in the lattice thermal properties in each case. These changes are indicated through the use of zero pressure heat capacity data in combination with the equation of state data to calculate the volume and temperature dependence of the Debye Θ. The result is quite spectacular for xenon, where a pressure of 20 kbars roughly doubles ΘD."

Report on the determination of several physical properties, pertinent to uranium extraction, for a number of ethers and related compounds.

Abstract The phase diagram of the uranium-rhenium alloy system is presented along with a discussion on transformation kinetics of the uranium solid solutions. The phase diagram is of the double eutectic type with the intermediate phase having the composition URe2. This phase exhibits allotropy at 180°C and melts congruently at 2200°C. URe2 reacts sluggishly with the uranium solid solutions below 750°C to form the peritectoid compound U2Re. Eutectic reactions occur at 1105° and 2105°C at respective compositions of 10.5 and 65.5 wt. % Re. Eutectoid reactions occur at 643° and 681°C at compositions of 1.4 and 6 wt. % Re, respectively. The maximum solubility of rhenium in α uranium is about 0.4 wt. % at 643°C and in β uranium is 1.9 wt. % at 681°C. The solubility of rhenium in γ uranium is 6 wt. % at 681°C and increases to about 7 wt. % at 975°C. The solubility of uranium in rhenium is 0.6 wt. % at room temperature with little variation up to 2000°C. Alloys of β and γ uranium containing more than about 1.2 and 7 wt. % Re respectively, can be readily supercooled to room temperature. Rapid cooling of γ alloys containing less than about …

Report regarding the process development work at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, including project objectives, design considerations, descriptions of equipment, and estimated costs.

From abstract: "This report describes work done on ARF Project C 216 from January 5, 1962 to September 15, 1962. The objectives of the program include evolution of an analytical research program to evaluate effects of environment contributed contamination on precise devices"

The nature and types of internal molecular and thermal motions that polymer chains and polymer segments undergo have a great bearing on the physical behavior of polymeric solids. A relatively new tool is now available that permits us to observe and study internal thermally-induced motions directly at the atomic or molecular level rather than from macroscopic observations. this tool is nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This talk discusses (1) the nature of nuclear magnetic resonance, (2) NMR line shapes and the influence of temperature, (3) NMR line widths and second moments as a function of temperature, and (4) lists six general conclusions.

This technical report provides a design criteria for a technical support facility for the Lithium Cooled Reactor Experiment (LCRE) and SNAP-50-DR-1 Test Facilities. The support facility is adjacent to the LCRE Test Facility and is located completely within the existing Building 629 structure at the former ANP area of the National Reactor Testing Station (NRTS) near Idaho Falls, Idaho. The information and specifications presented establish the basis for the design of laboratories, shops and engineering areas required to support the installation, operation, maintenance and disassembly of the LCRE and SNAP-50 tests. The construction and modification required to adapt the building to reactor test support operations are described in detail in the following report.

The designer's concept of a test program for the 30-Mw prototype intermediate heat exchanger and steam generator designed and fabricated as part of the Sodium Components Development Program is presented. The performance data will serve to verify the thermal design, or allow application of improved techniques to future designs, give an improved basis for stress analysis in design of future units, and demonstrate the capability and limitations of the units in relation to the performance specifications for which they were designed. Welding techniques for type 316 stainless steel are described. The specifications and operating conditions of the units are given along with instrumentation drawings showing test equipment design and arrangement.

"In Householder, using Weissinger's identity , obtained the necessary and sufficient conditions for the c onvergence of the Seidel method for the solution of finite matrix equations of the form (D-S-S*-F)u = f. The same coniditions were also obtained by Krein and Prozorovakaya for an analog of the Seidel method for the operator equations of the form (D+S+S*)u = f in a Hilbert space. The purpose of this article is to extend the result of the above authors to the generalized overrelaxation iterative method for the solution of a wider class of of operator equations in a Hilbert space."

One of the techniques by which highly ionized plasmas can be generated in the laboratory makes use of strong, electromagnetically driven shock waves propagating into a cold gas. In this paper the phenomenon is analyzed as a one-dimensional single-fluid hydromagnetic problem, neglecting dissipation behind the wave. We hypothesize that the rarefaction wave remains attached to the front. In the limit of essentially complete ionization behind the front the problem can be solved analytically as long as the transverse magnetic field there remains small compared with the longitudinal field.

Report describing the status of the SM-1, SM-1A, and PM-2A reactors, specifically regarding the effects "of irradiation on nil-ductility transition temperature and the associated problem of brittle fracture." (p. iii)

Abstract: "This is the first interim report of a literature survey investigating the uses and technology of radioscopes in the countries of the world, with particular emphasis necessarily placed on those more highly industrialized nations. Part I includes a general summary of the quantity and quality of radioisotope work being performed in these countries. Among the outstanding radioisotope applications with respect to quantity is the work of Japan in chemical research, that of USSR in metals research, and that in the USA in medical research. A detailed qualitative examination of the relatively narrow region of radioisotope applications in leak detection is also presented. Part II of this report gives a direct comparison between the progress and status of the US and the USSR in the varied uses of radio-isotopes."