An apparatus utilizing filter-fluorescer combinations is provided to measure short bursts of high fluence x-rays above 120 keV energy, where there are no practical absorption edges available for conventional filter-fluorescer techniques. The absorption edge of the prefilter is chosen to be less than that of the fluorescer, i.e., E/sub PRF/ < E/sub F/, contrary to the prior art technique E/sub PRF/ > E/sub F/. In this way, the response function is virtually zero between E/sub PRF/ and E/sub F/ and well defined and enhanced in an energy band of less than 1000 keV above the 120 keV energy.

A cylindrical eddy current tube testing probe is disclosed. Current flow in dual electromagnetic coils separated by an eddy current sensing coil is so directed that magnetic fields of the electromagnet coils have components extending in opposite directions axially of the tested tube and components extending radially of the tube which add in the region of the eddy current sensing coil.

To assist the Department of Energy, Office of Fuels Conversion (OFC), in implementing the synthetic fuel exemption under the Powerplant and Industrial Fuel Use Act (FUA) of 1978, Resource Consulting Group, Inc. (RCG), has developed a procedure for matching prospective users and producers of synthetic fuel. The matching procedure, which involves a hierarchical screening process, is designed to assist OFC in: locating a supplier for a firm that wishes to obtain a synthetic fuel exemption; determining whether the fuel supplier proposed by a petitioner is technically and economically capable of meeting the petitioner&#x27;s needs; and assisting the Synthetic Fuels Corporation or a synthetic fuel supplier in evaluating potential markets for synthetic fuel production. A data base is provided in this appendix on proposed and ongoing synthetic fuel production projects to be used in applying the screening procedure. The data base encompasses a total of 212 projects in the seven production technologies.

A program is described for development of an automated supernova search based upon complete remote computer control of a telescope and vidicon digital imaging system. (GHT)

The toxicology and natural occurrence of several recognized geotoxic elements including arsenic, cadmium, chromium, nickel, lead, selenium, uranium, and vanadium is reviewed. The behavior of these elements in the environment and in biological systems is examined. The properties of these eight toxic elements are summarized and presented in a toxicity matrix. The toxicity matrix identifies each of the elements in terms of average crustal abundance, average soil concentration, drinking water standards, irrigation water standards, daily human intake, aquatic toxicity, phytotoxicity, mammalian toxicity, human toxicity, and bioaccumulation factors for fish. Fish are the major aquatic environment contribution to the human diet and bioaccumulation in aquatic ecosystems has been demonstrated to be an important factor in the cycling of elements in aquatic ecosystems. The toxicity matrix is used as a first approximation to rank the geotoxicity of elements for the purpose of focusing future efforts. The ranking from highest to lowest toxicity with respect to the toxicity parameters being discussed is as follows: arsenic, cadmium, lead, selenium, chromium, vanadium, nickel, and uranium.

For a complete set of equilibrium particle densities and temperature, the corresponding distribution functions including space charge effects are provided through solution of the inverse equilibrium problem. An accompanying orbit theory shows that the projected transverse rosette orbit can be analyzed into a circular rotation (drift) and a betatron-vortex gyration. In the presence of more general beam density profiles, the betatron vortex gyrations assume an elliptical rather than circular shape.

An analysis of beam propagation for the frequency converted Nova/Novette systems is given and self-focusing effects are reviewed. It is shown that the nonlinear growth of beam modulation produced by self-focusing is proportional 1/2 exp B where B is the intensity dependent phase retardation (measured in radians) accumulated by the beam. This exponential growth of beam modulation in the baseline frequency conversion/focusing optical train limits the system performance for short pulse (tau < 2 ns), one third micron operation. One micron and one-half micron performance are limited more by the one micron drive available to frequency conversion KDP array than self-focusing.

The work performed consisted of the following: (1) development of computer aided design software for polynomial filters and Butterworth-Chebychev filter design; (2) development of algorithms for resolving peaks in spectroscopic data; and (3) interaction with LLL personnel to develop a structure for automation of surface chemistry spectroscopy. Each work phase is discussed in detail.

The results of fully dynamic computer simulations of collision cascades show an abrupt decrease in defect production efficiency beginning at energies about 10 times the minimum threshold energy in agreement with experimental results on resistivity damage rates at 4.2 K. A detailed analysis of the time development of a typical cascade reveals that this drop in efficiency is primarily due to recombination by defect transport during the cascade cooling phase. This transport is an order of magnitude larger than that predicted from equilibrium transport theory.

The Saldana Well No. 2, approximately 35 miles Southeast of the city of Laredo, Texas, was the sixth successful test of a geopressured-geothermal aquifer under the DOE Wells of Opportunity Program. The well was tested through the annulus between 7-inch casing and 2-3/8 inch tubing. The interval tested was from 9745 to 9820 feet. The geological section was the 1st Hinnant Sand, an upper member of the Wilcox Group. Produced water was injected into the Saldana Well No. 1, which was also acquired from Riddle Oil Company and converted to a disposal well. A Miocene salt water sand was perforated from 3005 to 3100 feet for disposal. One pressure drawdown flow test and one pressure buildup test were conducted during a 10-day period. A total of 9328 barrels of water was produced. The highest sustained flow rate was 1950 BWPD.

A computer model of a piezoresistive gauge subject to shock loading is developed. The time-dependent two-dimensional response of the gauge is calculated. The stress and strain components of the gauge are determined assuming elastic-plastic material properties. The model is compared with experiment for four cases. An ytterbium foil gauge in a PPMA medum subjected to a 0.5 Gp plane shock wave, where the gauge is presented to the shock with its flat surface both parallel and perpendicular to the front. A similar comparison is made for a manganin foil subjected to a 2.7 Gp shock. The signals are compared also with a calibration equation derived with the gauge and medium properties accounted for but with the assumption that the gauge is in stress equilibrium with the shocked medium.

Work performed to date on the study of the formation and effects of sigma phase in 21-6-9 stainless steel is summarized in this report. Sigma phase was identified in forgings and as-rolled plate by color etching and microprobe analysis. In as-rolled plate sigma was found to start transforming from delta ferrite within 30 minutes at 1500/sup 0/F, with almost complete transformation after 24 hours at 1500/sup 0/F. The effect of sigma phase on room temperature mechanical properties was evaluated by tensile testing, Charpy impact testing, and impact shear testing. Sigma phase was found to severely reduce transverse ductility and longtudinal and transverse impact resistance. The greater the amount of sigma present, the greater was its effect on mechanical properties. Vendor contacts indicated that controlling delta ferrite to a minimum in the as-rolled plate is both possible and practical.

Some data sets dealing with the hazards of low-level radiation are discussed. It is concluded that none of these reports, individually or collectively, changes appreciably or even significantly the evaluations of possible low-level radiation effects that have been made by several authoritative national and international groups. (ACR)

Two NbTi and two Cu wires were irradiated with 14.8 MeV neutrons at 4.2 K to fluences of 6 to 8 x 10/sup 20/ n/m/sup 2/, using RTNS-II. Electrical resistances of Cu were monitored during irradiation. Magnetoresistances were measured in fields up to 12.4 T before and after irradiation and after isochronal annealing up to 273 K. Critical currents of NbTi were measured after irradiation, in feilds up to 10 T. The initial rate of increase of resistivity of the Cu was found to be 2.23 x 10/sup -31/ (..cap omega..-m)/(n/m/sup 2/). This rate could be predicted from fission reactor irradiations using damage energy scaling. The maximum observed change in the NbTi critical was a decrease of 3% at 4 T. At 6, 8, and 10 T there were no significant changes.

A preliminary parametric study has been performed to estimate the tritium inventory of a conjectured Target Factory. The inventory of a proposed tritiated fuel processing system was determined as a function of production efficiency, storage factor, and time interval for the slowest processing step. Results indicated that a study of this type will be beneficial in evaluating possible processing schemes for the production of tritiated laser fusion targets.

A uranium-series dating technique has been applied to pedogenic carbonates from the Livermore Valley in California. The results from geomorphologically distinct Quaternary alluvial units are internally consistent and for one alluvial unit are corroborated by a concordant /sup 14/C age for an associated wood fragment. In appropriate situations, age dates for pedogenic carbonates derived using this technique may provide a time stratigraphy for alluvial units and hence provide some limits (minimum age) for last fault movement.

Geothermal energy is the natural heat of the earth, and can be tapped as a clean, safe, economical alternative source of energy. Much of the geothermal energy resource is recoverable with current or near-current technology and could make a significant contribution both to increasing domestic energy supplies and to reducing the US dependence on imported oil. Geothermal energy can be used for electric power production, residential and commercial space heating and cooling, industrial process heat, and agricultural process applications. This report describes the progress for fiscal year 1980 (FY80) of the Federal Geothermal Program. It also summarizes the goals, strategy, and plans which form the basis for the FY81 and FY82 program activities and reflects the recent change in national policy affecting Federal research, development and demonstration programs. The Interagency Geothermal Coordinating Council (IGCC) believes that substantial progress can and will be made in the development of geothermal energy. The IGCC goals are: (1) reduce the institutional barriers so that geothermal projects can be on-line in one-half the current time; (2) make moderate temperature resources an economically competitive source of electricity; (3) remove the backlog of noncompetitive lease applications; (4) competitive lease all KGRA lands; and (5) cut the cost …

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Calculations suggest that experiments relating to beam deposition, focusing and transport can be performed within the context of current test-bed accelerator design proposals. Since the test beds have lower ion kinetic energy and beam pulse power as compared to reactor drivers, we achieve high-beam intensities at the focal spot by using short focal distance and properly designed beam optics. In this regard, the extremely low beam emittance of suggested multi-beam designs are very useful. Preliminary results suggest that intensities of greater than 100 TW/cm/sup 2/ are achievable. Given these intensities, deposition experiments with heating of disks to greater than 100 eV are expected. We could also expect as much as 1 to 3 kA of incident ion current on these disks with beam intensities almost comparable to that of reactor targets. Thus, if any anomalous plasma effects on deposition emerge, the conditions should be available for testing some of them. On the other hand, these deposition experiments have low ion kinetic energy per nucleon. About 4 to 5 MeV/nucleon is achievable if lighter ions such as sodium were used. But for lighter ions, plasma effects in deposition might be more severe because heavy-ion beams are more stiff.