Assessment of research and development (R and D) needs in ammonia safety and environmental control (open access)

Assessment of research and development (R and D) needs in ammonia safety and environmental control

This report characterizes the ammonia industry operations, reviews current knowledge of ammonia release and subsequent impacts, summarizes the status of release prevention and control methods and identify research and development needs for safety and environmental control. Appendices include: accidental spills and human exposure; adiabatic mixing of liquid nitrogen and air; fire and explosion hazards; and environmental impact rating tables. (PSB)
Date: September 1, 1981
Creator: Brenchley, D.L.; Athey, G.F. & Bomelburg, H.J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Magnetic field, closed orbit, and energy measurement in the Bevatron (open access)

Magnetic field, closed orbit, and energy measurement in the Bevatron

This report provides the information necessary for a better evaluation of particle energy in the Bevatron. Previously, the nominal magnetic field value and radius were used to calculate the value for the kinetic energy of the particle. This value was good to a few percent. Today, more and more experimenters would like to know the energy to a more precise value. To this end, corrections to the measured magnetic field values and the radial closed orbit are provided.
Date: November 1, 1981
Creator: Crebbin, K. C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fifth high-energy heavy-ion study (open access)

Fifth high-energy heavy-ion study

This was the fifth of a continuing series of summer studies held at LBL to discuss high energy heavy ion collisions. Recently, a similar meeting has been held on alternate years at GSI (Darmstadt); and, in 1979, we held a meeting at LBL exclusively devoted to ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions. Two new features distinguish this study from earlier meetings in the series. First, the energy range for discussion was broadened by including collisions from about 20 MeV/nucleon to the highest available in the cosmic radiation. The lower range, particularly below 100 MeV/nucleon, will be under intense study in the near future with machines such as the upgraded Bevalac, Michigan State University Superconducting Cyclotron, GANIL in France, and the SC at CERN. Recently, the high energy collision regime has been expanded by the successful operation of the CERN ISR with alpha particles. Second, in addition to an extensive program of invited talks, we decided for the first time to actively solicit contributions. Forty-seven individual items from the conference were prepared separately for the data base. (GHT)
Date: October 1, 1981
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Programmable multi-timer for TRU waste analysis applications (open access)

Programmable multi-timer for TRU waste analysis applications

A programmable, multiple-function timing module has been developed for use in transuranic (TRU) waste analysis applications at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory. The Programmable Multi-Timer (PRMT) is an expanded version of a module originally built for accelerator-based active photon interrogation experiments. During the course of the experiments, it became obvious that a more versatile timer was needed to meet several unforeseen requirements. The PRMT was designed to meet the new requirements and to serve as a general-purpose timing module for other applications.
Date: January 1, 1981
Creator: Lawrence, R.S.; Nieschmidt, E.B. & Tsang, F.Y.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Comprehensive energy-management program. Hybrid photovoltaic/thermal absorber. Annual report, September 1, 1980-December 31, 1981 (open access)

Comprehensive energy-management program. Hybrid photovoltaic/thermal absorber. Annual report, September 1, 1980-December 31, 1981

Research work was done during the reporting period on the two-part research program: (A) to improve energy conservation through increased unit and system efficiencies, energy management, and system optimization, and (B) to develop a novel, low-cost hybrid photovoltaic/thermal absorber. Performance tests were conducted on all the boilers and chillers on campus. Several corrective measures were indicated and implemented. A detailed survey of energy use by functions and consumption/demand study has been in progress. A preliminary computer simulation model of the entire campus has been developed and made operational. It has been demonstrated both analytically and experimentally that the reradiation losses from the absorber can be reduced significantly by utilizing a light-pipe absorber. Two paraboloidal dishes, one of 6 ft diameter and the other of 20 ft diameter have been utilized. Collector efficiencies have been measured at coolant outlet temperatures up to 282/sup 0/C with a square light-pipe absorber and with 6 ft diameter concentrator. Laser ray testing was conducted on both the 6 ft and 20 ft diameter concentrators. Design of the total energy absorber has been completed.
Date: December 1, 1981
Creator: Kumar, G. N.; Sellers, J. P. & Dybczak, Z. W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Two-photon physics (open access)

Two-photon physics

A new experimental frontier has recently been opened to the study of two photon processes. The first results of many aspects of these reactions are being presented at this conference. In contrast, the theoretical development of research ito two photon processes has a much longer history. This talk reviews the many different theoretical ideas which provide a detailed framework for our understanding of two photon processes.
Date: October 1, 1981
Creator: Bardeen, W.A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of models for developing biological input for the design and location of water-intake structures (open access)

Evaluation of models for developing biological input for the design and location of water-intake structures

An approach for assessing multiple stimulus/response relations between fish and water intake structures is presented in this report. The approach stresses stimulus/response relations influencing fish and shellfish distribution and is made up of two methods. The first places emphasis on spatial and temperal distributions of populations; information is presented in the form of a non-predictive model, which allows for organizing information and documenting review processes. The second approach encompasses functional relationships between environmental and biological stimuli and responses of organisms. By using the two methods together, functional relationships can be evaluated to define the distribution of a fish or shellfish species. This information can then be used to resolve questions relating to impingement and entrainment.
Date: December 1, 1981
Creator: Simmons, M. A. & McKenzie, D. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Procedure for developing biological input for the design, location, or modification of water-intake structures (open access)

Procedure for developing biological input for the design, location, or modification of water-intake structures

To minimize adverse impact on aquatic ecosystems resulting from the operation of water intake structures, design engineers must have relevant information on the behavior, physiology and ecology of local fish and shellfish. Identification of stimulus/response relationships and the environmental factors that influence them is the first step in incorporating biological information in the design, location or modification of water intake structures. A procedure is presented in this document for providing biological input to engineers who are designing, locating or modifying a water intake structure. The authors discuss sources of stimuli at water intakes, historical approaches in assessing potential/actual impact and review biological information needed for intake design.
Date: December 1, 1981
Creator: Neitzel, D. A. & McKenzie, D. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Efficiencies of gas neutralizers for multi-MeV beams of light negative ions (open access)

Efficiencies of gas neutralizers for multi-MeV beams of light negative ions

Measurements are reported of the neutral and charged particle fractions produced by running beams of Li/sup -/, C/sup -/, O/sup -/, and Si/sup -/ at energies up to 7 MeV through gas cells of N/sub 2/, Ar, or CO/sub 2/. We discuss the implications of these measurements for the design of neutralizers to produce high energy light atom beams for heating or current drive in tokamaks.
Date: November 1, 1981
Creator: Grisham, L. R.; Post, D. E.; Johnson, B. M.; Jones, K. W.; Barette, J.; Kruse, T. H. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Combination free-electron and gaseous laser (open access)

Combination free-electron and gaseous laser

A multiple laser having one or more gaseous laser stages and one or more free electron stages is described. Each of the free electron laser stages is sequentially pumped by a microwave linear accelerator. Subsequently, the electron beam is directed through a gaseous laser, in the preferred embodiment, and in an alternative embodiment, through a microwave accelerator to lower the energy level of the electron beam to pump one or more gaseous lasers. The combination laser provides high pulse repetition frequencies, on the order of 1 kHz or greater, high power capability, high efficiency, and tunability in the synchronous production of multiple beams of coherent optical radiation.
Date: June 8, 1981
Creator: Brau, C. A.; Rockwood, S. D. & Stein, W. E.
Object Type: Patent
System: The UNT Digital Library
Prairie Canal Well No. 1, Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana. Volume 1. Completion and testing. Final report (open access)

Prairie Canal Well No. 1, Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana. Volume 1. Completion and testing. Final report

The Prairie Canal Company, Inc. Well No. 1, approximately 8 miles south of the city of Lake Charles, Louisiana, was tested through the annulus between 5-1/2 inch casing and 2-3/8 inch tubing. The interval tested was from 14,782 to 14,820 feet. The geological section was the Hackberry Sand, a member of the Oligocene Frio formation. Produced water was injected into a disposal well which was perforated in several Miocene Sands from 3070 to 4600 feet. Original plans were to test a section of the Hackberry sand from 14,976 to 15,024 feet. This primary zone, however, produced a large amount of sand, shale, gravel, and rocks during early flow periods and was abandoned in favor of the secondary zone. Four pressure drawdown flow tests and three pressure buildup tests were conducted during a 12-day period. A total of 36,505 barrels of water was produced. The highest sustained flow rate was approximately 7100 BWPD. The gas-to-water ratio, measured during testing, ranged from 41 to 50 SCF/BBL. There is disagreement as to the saturation value of the reservoir brine, which may be between 43.3 and 49.7 SCF/BBL. The methane content of the flare line gas averaged 88.4 mole percent. The CO/sub 2/ content …
Date: January 1, 1981
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Multi-layer universal correction magnet (open access)

Multi-layer universal correction magnet

This paper presents an approach for constructing a universal correction magnet in which the return currents play an active role in determining the field. The return currents are not hidden by the iron shield. The coil is wound in many layers, instead of just one layer. Each layer has a particular symmetry, and generates a particular class of field multipoles such that the location of the return current for each independently excited current block is clear. Three layers may be sufficient in many cases. This approach is applied to the ISABELLE storage accelerator correction system.
Date: August 1, 1981
Creator: Parzen, G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Optimization of microchannel plate multipliers for tracking minimum-ionizing particles (open access)

Optimization of microchannel plate multipliers for tracking minimum-ionizing particles

The progress in development of special Microchannel Plates for particle tracking is reported. The requirements of (1) high spatial resolution; (2) high density of information; and (3) rate capability were found to be satisfied in a thick Microchannel Plate with a CsI coating operating in a focusing magnetic field. The measurements of the Microchannel Plate detection efficiency, gain and noise are presented for several detectors. The pictures of the passage and interaction of the high energy charged particles inside the detector are shown.
Date: January 1, 1981
Creator: Oba, K.; Rehak, P. & Potter, D.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Workshop on high-resolution, large-acceptance spectrometers (open access)

Workshop on high-resolution, large-acceptance spectrometers

The purpose of the Workshop on High-Resolution, Large-Acceptance Spectrometers was to provide a means for exchange of information among those actively engaged in the design and construction of these new spectrometers. Thirty-seven papers were prepared for the data base.
Date: January 1, 1981
Creator: Zeidman, B. (ed.)
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Characterization of radioactive ion exchange media waste generated at Three Mile Island (open access)

Characterization of radioactive ion exchange media waste generated at Three Mile Island

The March 1979 accident at General Public Utilities Nuclear Corporation (GPUNC) Three Mile Island Nuclear Power Station Unit 2 (TMI-2), resulted in the transfer of more than 1100 m/sup 3/ of contaminated water to the auxiliary and fuel handling building. The principal sources of the water were the makeup and letdown purification system and the containment building sump. The contaminated water was processed through an ion exchange system designated as EPICOR II. The EPICOR-II System is a three-stage process. The contaminated water passes through a first stage of ion exchange media, designated as prefilters, and then through the second and third stages, designated as demineralizers. The majority of the activity was deposited in the first-stage prefilters, which have a maximum administrative loading limit of 1300 curies. The predominant radionuclides present in the prefilters are cesium and strontium.
Date: October 1, 1981
Creator: Runion, T. C.; Holzworth, R. E.; Ogle, R. E.; Burton, H. M. & Bixby, W. W.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Economics of geothermal direct-heat applications (open access)

Economics of geothermal direct-heat applications

Cost and production data from five commercial-scale geothermal direct-heat application projects are reviewed. Unit costs of geothermal energy under a variety of assumptions about production levels, costs, tax treatment, financial structure, and cost of capital are calculated and compared to prices of conventional fuels which would be displaced over the life of a geothermal project. Geothermal energy is found to be less costly than distillate fuel oil for all cases examined and cheaper than natural gas in many cases.
Date: October 1, 1981
Creator: Hederman, W.F. Jr. & Cohen, L.A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Geothermal potential of the Cascade Mountain Range: exploration and development. Special report No. 10 (open access)

Geothermal potential of the Cascade Mountain Range: exploration and development. Special report No. 10

Eighteen papers are included, one of which was previously abstracted for EDB. A separate abstract was prepared for each of the remaining seventeen papers for Energy Research Abstracts (ERA); ten of the papers are included in Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis (EPA).
Date: May 1, 1981
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Method for fabricating a seal between a ceramic and a metal alloy (open access)

Method for fabricating a seal between a ceramic and a metal alloy

A method of fabricating a seal between a ceramic and an alloy comprising the steps of prefiring the alloy in an atmosphere with a very low partial pressure of oxygen, firing the assembled alloy and ceramic in air, and gradually cooling the fired assembly to avoid the formation of thermal stress in the ceramic. The method forms a bond between the alloy and the ceramic capable of withstanding the environment of a pressurized water reactor and suitable for use in an electrical conductivity sensitive liquid level transducer.
Date: July 24, 1981
Creator: Kelsey, P.V. Jr. & Siegel, W.T.
Object Type: Patent
System: The UNT Digital Library
Exact calculations of nuclear-recoil energies from prompt gamma decays resulting from neutron capture (open access)

Exact calculations of nuclear-recoil energies from prompt gamma decays resulting from neutron capture

The results of an accurate determination of the recoil spectrum from (n, ..gamma..) reactions in molybdenum are presented. The recoil spectrum has been calculated from nuclear level structure data and measured branching ratios. Angular correlations between successive gammas have been accounted for using the standard theoretical techniques of Racah algebra and the density matrix formalism.
Date: July 20, 1981
Creator: Kinney, J.H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Conceptual design of a laser-fusion power plant. Part II. Two technical options: 1. JADE reactor; 2. Heat transfer by heat pipes (open access)

Conceptual design of a laser-fusion power plant. Part II. Two technical options: 1. JADE reactor; 2. Heat transfer by heat pipes

A laser fusion reactor concept is described that employs liquid metal walls. The concept envisions a porous medium, called the JADE, of specific geometry lining the reactor cavity. Some advantages and disadvantages of the concept are pointed out. The possibility of using heat pipes for passive cooling in ICF reactors is discussed. Some of the problems are outlined. (MOW)
Date: July 1, 1981
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Islets of stability beyond period doubling (open access)

Islets of stability beyond period doubling

Period doubling of a periodic orbit of an area preserving map appears to lead to the elimination of all closed invariant curves in the vicinity. We show, however, that there are always islets of stabilhty again beyond the accumulation point of the period doubling sequence.
Date: November 1, 1981
Creator: Mackay, R.S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Mirror fusion. Quarterly report, April-June 1981 (open access)

Mirror fusion. Quarterly report, April-June 1981

The information in each Quarterly is presented in the same sequence as in the Field Work Package Proposal and Authorization System (WPAS) submissions prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy; the main sections are Applied Plasma Physics, Confinement Systems, Development and Technology, and Mirror Fusion Test Facility (Planning and Projects). On occasion, we shall include information pertaining to the LLNL role as Lead Laboratory for the Open Systems Mirror Fusion Program. Each of these sections is introduced by an overall statement of the goals and purposes of the groups reporting in it. As appropriate within each section, statements of the goals of individual programs and projects are followed by articles containing summaries of significant recent activity and descriptive text.
Date: September 11, 1981
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Dose-rate conversion factors for external exposure to photons and electrons (open access)

Dose-rate conversion factors for external exposure to photons and electrons

Dose-rate conversion factors for external exposure to photons and electrons have been calculated for approximately 500 radionuclides of potential importance in environmental radiological assessments. The dose-rate factors were obtained using the DOSFACTER computer code. The results given in this report incorporate calculation of electron dose-rate factors for radiosensitive tissues of the skin, improved estimates of organ dose-rate factors for photons, based on organ doses for monoenergetic sources at the body surface of an exposed individual, and the spectra of scattered photons in air from monoenergetic sources in an infinite, uniformly contaminated atmospheric cloud, calculation of dose-rate factors for other radionuclides in addition to those of interest in the nuclear fuel cycle, and incorporation of updated radioactive decay data for all radionuclides. Dose-rate factors are calculated for three exposure modes - immersion in contaminated air, immersion in contaminated water, and exposure at a height of 1 m above a contaminated ground surface. The report presents the equations used to calculate the external dose-rate factors for photons and electrons, documentation of the revised DOSFACTER computer code, and a complete tabulation of the calculated dose-rate factors. 30 refs., 12 figs.
Date: August 1, 1981
Creator: Kocher, David C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Prairie Canal Well No. 1, Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana. Volume II. Well test data. Final report (open access)

Prairie Canal Well No. 1, Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana. Volume II. Well test data. Final report

The following are included in appendices: field test data, field non-edited data, raw data, tentative method of testing for hydrogen sulfide in natural gas using length of stain tubes, combined sample log, report on reservoir fluids study, well test analysis, analysis of solids samples from primary zone, chemical analysis procedures, scale and corrosion evaluation, laboratory report on scale deposits, and sand detector strip charts. (MHR)
Date: January 1, 1981
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library