The acoustic emission from both powder and ingot source beryllium has been measured as a function of strain and prior heat treatment. Most measurements were made during tensile deformation, but a limited number of compression tests have also been performed. The acoustic emission observed was of the burst type, with little or no contribution from continuous type emission. The emission was characterized by the variation of burst rate and average energy per burst as a function of strain. The tensile behavior was qualitatively similar for all the materials tested. Burst rate maxima centered roughly at 0.1 percent and 1.0 percent plastic strain were observed. The magnitude but not the strain at the low strain burst rate peak was very sensitive to prior thermal treatment, while the higher strain burst rate peak was insensitive to prior heat treatment. An energy per burst maximum was observed at 0.2 percent plastic strain, the magnitude of which was moderately sensitive to heat treatment. The Kaiser effect is observed in the material studied. Emission during compression was similar to that observed in tension. The acoustic emission observed is attributed to dislocation motion, as proposed by James and Carpenter for LiF, NaCl, and Zn. Metallographic studies …

Continuing fission cross section ratio studies at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, preliminary results have been determined for the /sup 244/Pu//sup 235/U fission cross section ratio from 0.2 to 30 MeV. Using the threshold method, the value 0.980 +- 0.021 has been obtained for the average cross section ratio in the interval from 1.75 to 4.00 MeV.

A system model of the mirror hybrid reactor has been developed. The major components of the model include (1) the reactor description, (2) a capital cost analysis, (3) various fuel management schemes, and (4) an economic analysis that includes the hybrid plus its associated fission burner reactors. The results presented describe the optimization of the mirror hybrid reactor, the objective being to minimize the cost of electricity from the hybrid fission-burner reactor complex. We have examined hybrid reactors with two types of blankets, one containing natural uranium, the other thorium. The major difference between the two optimized reactors is that the uranium hybrid is a significant net electrical power producer, whereas the thorium hybrid just about breaks even on electrical power. Our projected costs for fissile fuel production are approximately 50 $/g for /sup 239/Pu and approximately 125 $/g for /sup 233/U.

Design modifications of a five-probe focusing collimator coincidence radioisotope scanning system are described. Clinical applications of the system were tested in phantoms using radioisotopes with short biological half-lives, including /sup 75/Se, /sup 192/Ir, /sup 43/K, /sup 130/I, and /sup 82/Br. Data processing methods are also described. (CH)

The size of magnetic moment jumps of a particle in a long, thin equilibrium magnetic mirror field is shown to be related to the complex zeroes of the mirror mode parameter B + 4..pi..dP/sub perpendicular//dB. A consequence is that adiabaticity places a lower limit on ..beta.. than does the mirror mode.

Some of the basic computational features of a computer program used for modeling radiation damage at LLL's Rotating Target Neutron Source (RTNS-I) are presented. Input items required are material cross-section and angular distribution data, such as used for LLL neutron transport calculations, along with one particular neutron spectrum of interest. The nuclear reactions considered are elastic, neutron-emitting, and charged-particle-emitting. Classical and relativistic mechanics are used as required to calculate the resulting primary-recoil energy spectra and damage energy spectra. Calculative results are presented for the RTNS-I neutron spectra on aluminum, titanium, vanadium, iron, nickel, copper, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, silver, tin, tantalum, tungsten, gold, and lead. 63 figures.

The status is reported for various research projects in automation and instrumentation for chemical analysis, analytical methodology and measurements, and development of analytical methods for the energy program. (JSR)

The laser and fluorescence output of KrCl and ArF were measured and the effect of the gas mixture on the laser output was determined. Possible mechanisms for the effects observed are suggested. (JSR)

Polarized x-radiation is shown to be a superior and practical excitation source for measuring trace elements by energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence. In this study, polarization was obtained by scattering the primary beam at 90/sup 0/ from boron carbide. The losses inherent in the geometric requirements and the polarizer efficiency can be more than compensated for by using a close-coupled system and a standard, high-power x-ray tube. With the system described here, which uses a molybdenum anode x-ray tube, detection limits for the elements from K to Sr in NBS Standard Orchard Leaves are approximately 2 to 4.5 times lower using polarized excitation as compared to direct excitation, and about 1 to 3 times lower as compared to secondary excitation.

The status of nuclear research at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory is presented in the following areas: standards; neutron data applications; data compilation program; basic physics; and facilities. Three papers with significant information are listed separately by title. (RWR)

The samples from three researchers were stacked together in the LLL Rotating Target Neutron Source. Order of stacking of the samples is given. Fluences calculated for the Nb dosimetry foils are listed. (DLC)

Six 316 stainless steel samples were irradiated with 14-MeV neutrons from the LLL Rotating Target Neutron Source. No test results are given. (MOW)

It is shown that the predictions of quantum theory in certain correlations experiments are incompatible with ordinary ideas about the physical world. In particular the following theorem is proved: Consider situations involving two experimenters, one working in each of two space-like separated regions. Suppose each is apparently free to choose to perform in his region one of two alternative experiments. Assume that the results that would be obtained in each of the alternative cases conform to the statistical predictions of quantum theory. Then the experimental results in one region must, in some cases, depend on which experiment is performed in the space-like separated region. This theorem is akin to a theorem of J. S. Bell. However, Bell's theorem refers to hidden-variables, which may not exist in nature, whereas the present theorem deals directly with connections between the (macroscopic) results of possible measurements and physical variables subject to the control of experimenters.

An attempt is made to provide a simple, nonrigorous introduction to some of the basic concepts and vocabulary of continuum mechanics. Some fundamental equations and ''physical facts'' are presented without significant derivation. The treatment is not comprehensive, but a number of references are given which can serve as starting points for study in greater depth. The subjects treated are elastic solids, material failure, gases and shock waves, liquids, instabilities, and detonation propagation. The equation of state is emphasized in the presentation. 9 figures. (RWR)

Paramagnetic ions in glass reside in a distribution of physically different environments. By using a tunable laser source, selected groups of ions within an inhomogeneously broadened absorption band are excited and line-narrowed fluorescence is observed. The technique of laser-induced fluorescence line narrowing has been applied to several rare-earth ions in glasses to investigate site-to-site variations in energy levels, probabilities for radiative and non-radiative transitions, homogeneous line broadening, and energy transfer between ions. Results and interpretations of these experiments are reviewed, and possible extensions of these techniques are discussed. 25 references, 3 fig.

Elastic scattering of neutrino on proton is studied in the Weinberg-Salam gauge model of neutral currents. Particular attention is paid to the experimental cuts relevant to two recent BNL experiments and spectra averaging so that model predictions can be directly compared to the experimental data. The uncertainty in the calculation due to changes in the parameters which are not well determined such as the mass of the axial vector meson is emphasized. It is concluded that the simple Weinberg-Salam gauge model with sin/sup 2/ theta/sub W/ approximately 0.4 is consistent with the recent measurement of R/sub el/sup nu/ = less than sigma( (nu + p ..-->.. nu + p) greater than/less than sigma(nu + n ..-->.. ..mu../sup -/ + p) greater than provided M/sub A/ approximately 1.15 GeV which is within the range of uncertainty of this parameter. Similar calculation for the case of antineutrino proton elastic scattering, i.e., R/sub el/sub 3//sup anti nu/ = less than sigma (anti nu + p ..-->.. anti nu + p) greater than/less than sigma (anti nu + p ..-->.. ..mu../sup +/ + n) greater than is presented. (JFP)

A proposed experiment for the study of neutrino interactions in deuterium is described. It is proposed to take 10/sup 6/ pictures of such events. Other research in this area is also described. (JFP)

The neutron emission spectra from spheres of Be, N, O, C, Pb, /sup 235/U, /sup 238/U, /sup 239/Pu, H/sub 2/O, and CH/sub 2/ pulsed at the center by 14-MeV neutrons were measured over the energy range of 10 eV to 1 MeV, using sphere transmission and time-of-flight techniques. The neutron source was obtained by the T(d,n)/sup 4/He reaction with a pulsed 400-keV deuteron beam produced by the Livermore ICT accelerator. The neutron detector was a thick /sup 6/Li loaded glass scintillator calibrated against a /sup 235/U fission chamber.

The Low-Cost Silicon Solar Array Project (LSSA) was established to greatly reduce the price of solar arrays by the improvement of manufacturing technology, by adaptation of mass production techniques, and by helping achievement of user acceptance. The Project's approach includes the development of technology, its transfer by industry to commercial practice, the evaluation of the economics involved, and the stimulation of market growth. The activities and progress of the LSSA Project during its first year are described in this document which covers all Project activities, with primary emphasis on the technical plans and accomplishments. The development of manufacturing technology is now and will continue to be performed principally by industries and universities. To date, 24 contractors are working on new silicon-refinement processes, silicon-sheet-growth techniques, encapsulants, and automated-assembly studies. Nine more contractors have been selected to perform additional technology investigations and their contracts are being negotiated. Additional contracts will be issued in the future as promising ideas appear. (WDM)

A ratio method and a direct readout method are described for ultrasonic measurement of the wall thickness of plastic drum liners. Although both procedures use the same commercial equipment and give identical results, the direct readout technique is preferred, because it allows an untrained operator to obtain quality results even though a linear change in longitudinal sound velocity as a function of material thickness is occurring. (auth)

Recent emphases have been directed by Federal government regulatory agencies and other research groups on the carcinogenic effects of certain aromatic hydrocarbon components in naturally occurring petroleum products. These are used in plant operations, and underline the importance of evaluating environments. Since Rocky Flats Plant uses large quantities of fuel oil, the author was prompted to undertake a search of the chemical literature. Articles and accounts of studies were reviewed on nonbiological laboratory methods for determining the carcinogenicity of residual fuel oils and related high-boiling petroleum fractions. The physical and chemical methods involve the separation or measurement (or both) of polynuclear aromatic constituents which generally are responsible for the carcinogenic effects. Thus, the author suggests that the total carcinogenic activity of any petroleum product may not be due to a specific potent carcinogen, but rather to the cumulative effect of several individually weak carcinogens. The literature search is presented as an annotated bibliography, current as of January 1, 1975, and includes significant parts of the studies along with the total number of other references found when the citation was examined in its entirety. Part I deals with laboratory chemical and physical methods of determining carcinogenicity or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (or …

Not all activities associated with nuclear power contribute equally to proliferation potential, but some fuel-cycle activities (i.e., reprocessing) are considered too dangerous to be permitted in non-weapons countries. This paper assesses the feasibility of keeping Pu out of the nuclear fuel cycle. It is pointed out that there is no technical necessity of using Pu as nuclear fuel so long as /sup 235/U is available. Analysis of the economics of recycling spent fuel products in LWRs in the U.S. shows that the net economic benefit of recycle is uncertain and might even be negative; it will have an insignificant effect on the cost of nuclear power. It is argued that reprocessing of spent fuel be deferred until recycle in LWRs can be shown to yield economic benefits sufficiently large to compensate for the risks, or the viability of the breeder as an important commercial source of power has been demonstrated. According to the low estimate of U requirements, the world would have enough U resources well into the 21st century, although if the high estimate is used, the world would exhaust its reserves by the year 2000. Evidence indicates that nuclear power will grow more slowly than the forecasts of …

In addition to the basic definition of the Standpipe Bubbler performance, several tasks pertaining to specific cover gas/pump interface design problems were included within the Standpipe Bubbler Study effort. This report covers the following noted specific tasks of the Standpipe Bubbler Study: gas supply system design; gas ingestion by pump; identification of failure modes and recovery methods; manual override system; and effect of loss of gas pressure.

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