The resonance capture calculations of the HAMMER System and HAMBUR System are derived from a consistent statement of the integral slowing down equation and definitions of the resonance integral. The assumptions made in these treatments are explicitly stated, and and an attempt is made to estimate the possible error in the resonance integral arising from these assumptions. This analysis is made to pin-point those parts of the calculation that can be improved and updated. Based on the analysis of existing calculations a method of calculation is derived which avoids most of the problems encountered in HAMMER and HAMBUR. The chief improvements that result are as follows: Careful attention is paid to calculation of the resonance flux as most errors in existing calculations result from consistently overpredicting fluxes in all regions of a lattice cell. The calculation can be modified to produce as crude or detailed a resonance calculation, at the expense of computer time, as required by the user. Resonances that overlap group boundaries contribute the correct contribution to each group's reaction rates. Overlap between resonances of different isotopes is correctly accounted for. Up-to-date resonance formalisms are used including the Adler-Adler multi-level formulations. Provision is made to easily add new …

Jet impact erosion tests and high frequency fatigue tests were conducted for 2-1/4 Cr-1 Mo steel. Utilizing the relationship between the velocity of impact and number of impacts to produce visible erosion, the threshold velocities were determined as 220 and 140 fps at 10/sup 7/ and 10/sup 8/ cycles respectively. The relationship between the high frequency fatigue strength and the number of cycles to failure was determined at room temperature up to a maximum of 10/sup 9/ cycles. The high frequency endurance limit at room temperature was determined to be approximately 32,000 psi for 10/sup 8/ cycles. In addition, the ratio of high frequency fatigue strength to water hammer stress for erosion inception was also obtained as 2.75. 5 figures.

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Volume 1 contains annotations and abstracts of thirty-two papers on geothermal exploration, worldwide geothermal development, geothermal by-products, economic aspects, and environmental and legal aspects. A bibliography of 192 citations is also included. Individual items were previously indexed for the energy data base. (LBS)

Complete texts of 123 communications to the Congress (in the original language; the majority in English, some in Russian, French), on the following topics; radiation perspective in the U.S., radiation and man, non-ionising radiation, radiation effects on animals, radiation quantities, radioecology, reactor experience, late radiation effects, dose calculations and radiation accidents.

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The isothermal test series is part of the Semiscale Blowdown and Emergency Core Cooling (ECC) Project conducted by Aerojet Nuclear Company for the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission. The test series consisted of ten blowdown tests and five hot-wall tests with emphasis on emergency core coolant delivery. The blowdown tests were conducted to investigate the effects of lower plenum geometry, heat transfer configuration, ECC injection location, downcomer gap size, and break size.

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Thesis. The development of a directional high energy (20 to 160 MeV) neutron detector which was flown to satellite altitudes (500 km; circular equatorial orbit) in the NASA Orbiting Solar Observatory (OSO-6) in August 1969 is described. Both the angle of incidence and the energy of the neutron are determined by a proton-recoil telescope (Pilot B scintillation plastic) which provides the source for proton-recoils and defines the dE/dX versus E method for particle identification and energy determination. The telescope is embedded in a scintillation plastic guard counter envelope which eliminates the unwanted charged particle background as well as recoil protons (electrons) whose energies and direction do not satisfy neutron (gamma-ray) detection requirements, respectively. Results from a Monte Carlo calculation indicate that the overall average efficiency within an average angular acceptance of about 29 deg (FWHM) is approximately (2.25 plus or minus 0.113) x 10/sup -4/. The inflight calibration procedure, the main frame data bit error analysis, and the method for determining the orientation of the detector axis in the spacecraft spin plane are described. Results indicate a discrepancy in the measured (0.461 x 10/sup -2/ plus or minus 0.254 x 10/sup -2/ n/cm/sup 2/sec) and theoretical (2 to 70 n/cm/ …

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A four-phase study was designed for the evaluation of social, economic and environmental tradeoffs in the analysis of nuclear power plant siting options. The results of the first phase of this work are reported. This phase included: examination of environmental statements and guidelines and intervenors' statements to determine the aignificant criteria to be analyzed; development of a questionnaire with design options for two chosen sites; the answering of the questionnaire by environmentalists, high school students, and businessmen; analysis of the survey results; and an explanation of the mechanics of making the analysis of a given design on a given site. (LCL)

The variables of iron content, texture, and grain size are studied as a function of solutionizing, aging, and strain-aging heat treatments. Results show that the yield point is caused by precipitate pinning. Furthermore, precipitation is enhanced by pre-strain, which can be introduced by elevated- temperature working, rapid cooling, or tensile elongation at room temperature. Aging is effective between 400 and 760 deg C, depending on the type of pre- strain, iron content, and texture. Cottrell-type solute pinning is not observed, and the Rahn model for yield drops in bcc metals best explains these results. Texture increases the likelihood of a yield point occurring. In the case of extruded-flat stock, texture causes a 3-fold increase in the amount of hardening accompanying the yield point when compared to hot-pressed block. Yield points appear on aging and strain-aging for orientations favoring either prism or basal flow. Fine grain size is a necessary condition for the occurrence of a yield point. A yield point can occur if: the average grain size is less than 10 microns, the microstructure is duplex and has a large number of grains less than 5 microns in size, a substructure exists with subgrains less than 5 microns in size. …

Pressure-volume, uniaxial strain loading, uniaxial stress loading to failure, and ultrasoric velocity detemninations have been performed on samples of Kayenta sandstone from the site of the Mixed Company event. Hydrostatic pressure of 3 GPa produces about 23% volume compression, with 9% permanent compaction remaining upon unloading. The pressure-volume data indicate that crush-up of porosity begins between 200 and 300 MPa. In uniaxial strain loading, the sandstone loads directly to the vicinity of the failure envelope, then parallels that envelope to the highest confining pressure (480 MPa). At strain rates of about 10/sup -4//s, the loading path in uniaxial strain up to 200 MPa is coincident in pressure-volume space with the shock-loading path (at a strain rate of about 10/sup 5//s) observed on samples from the same block. The permanent compaction, after unloading under conditions of uniaxial strain from 625 MPa mean pressure, is about 3.8%. Uniaxial stress loading indicates a brittle-ductile transition between 400 and 500 MPa mean pressure. Between 100 and 500 MPa mean pressure, the slope of the failure envelope is decreased consideably with respect to that below 100 MPa and between 500 and 900 MPa. This plateau, which is not present in the failure envelope for material …

Thesis. Lithium fluoride crystals, with TlF added to the charge, were prepared by the Bridgman- Stockbarger method. The scintillation response to photon energies between 25 and 1250 keV for these crystals and a commercially prepared LiF (Ti) crystal was studied. The response of the LiF (Ti) crystal was compared to the response of an NE109 scintillator at 1250 keV. The dose response of the LiF (Ti) crystal was evaluated over the energy range 25 to 1250 keV. The absorption and emission spectra of the LiF (Ti) crystal are discussed. A historical review precedes the discussion. (auth)

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A rock-melting Subterrene system is described that can obtain a continuous core along the projected route of a tunnel. System specifications, individual component functions, preliminary design concepts, and design alternatives are included; and subcomponents that can be assembled from commercially available hardware are indicated. The device requires 150 kW of electric power to melt an accurate 300-mm (1-ft)-dia glass-lined hole and removes a 200-mm (8-in.)-dia glass-cased core at an advance rate of 0.4 mm/s (5 ft/h). The accurate hole diameter and stable hole lining allow the use of a packer- thruster located at the heated holemelting and hole-forming penetrator assembly. An orientation sensor and a guidance unit can also be located in this assembly. A hollow, flexible stem trailing behind the assembly contains the electric-power, coolant, and instrumentation lines, and provides a passage for debris removal. Core sections are removed through the flexible stem intermittently with wire-line core-retrieval hardware. This Subterrene system, named Geoprospector, is essentially a self-propelled and surface-guided minitunneler. It is a logical major development step in the Subterrene prograrm, directed toward a larger- diameter tunneling machine. Other practical Geoprospector applications are the forming of holes under obstacles such as rivers, highways, buildings, or other structures to accommodate …

A Monte Carlo calculation is described for the determination of the contribution of multiple scattering to x rays scattered at 90 deg in various thicknesses of beryllium and carbon plates. The plates are inclined at an angle of 45 deg to the incident radiation. The photon energy range considered is 1 keV to 100 keV. Scatterer thicknesses range from 0.0046 g/cm/sup 2/ to 1.204 g/ cm/sup 2/. Two sets of results are given: one from a formulation neglecting the polarization, the other including polarization. Results are presented in the form of an enhancement factor defined as the ratio of the number of scattered photons escaping from the scatterer at 90 deg to the number escaping at 90 deg after scattering only once. Enhancement factors are given in both tabular and graphical form. (auth)

Sample particle size is one of the parameters that must be controlled to ensure the similarity of samples and standards necessary for reliable spectrochemical analysis. ln spectrochemical carrier-distillation analysis of PuO/ sub 2/, significantly greater intensities are obtained from the impurity elements when the particle size of the PuO/sub 2/ is 45 mu m or less. Large PuO/sub 2/ particles, when present, reduce the intensities of the impurities and of cobalt, the internal standard. Because these intensity changes are not the same for each element, accurate spectrochemical values cannot be obtained when large PuO/sub 2/ particles are present. Proper preparation of the PuO/sub 2/ can be done easily by mortar grinding and mechanical mixing. (auth)

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Requirements for very-high-accuracy machining and inspection operations demand close temperature control of machines and work pieces. In order that these temperatures may be controlled to plus or minus 0.05 deg F, it was necessary to restrict the amount of heat energy which could radiate from the area lighting fixtures. Field tests have demonstrated that a combination of supply and exhaust air ducts connected to the air conditioning system plus housings fitted with a dual lens system to filter the infrared radiation, reduced by 90%, the amount of heat energy transmitted by the lighting system with only about an 18% reduction in the illumination level. (auth)