Information and flow diagrams are presented from a presentation on tritium research and development activities at the Mound Laboratory. Topics include metal-hydrogen systems, gas dynamics and cryogenic separations, materials research, and helium diffusion and tritium effluent control.

Progress is described in the following areas: matrix isolation of uranium hexafluoride in carbon monoxide host and obtainment of stable narrow bands in the 623cm{sup -1} region of uranium hexafluoride; and reactions of nitrogen oxide with uranium hexafluoride.

Purpose of this handbook is to provide guidance for management of nuclear materials under the jurisdiction of the Oak Ridge Operations Office. Provisions of this handbook and amplifying instructions by the OR Materials Management Division apply to all OR license-exempt contractors who possess nuclear materials and to licensed contractors processing Government-furnished material. Materials covered are U-233, uranium (depleted, normal, enriched in U-235), plutonium, Pu-238, tritium, deuterium, and boron-10.

This report provides a discussion of the environmental impacts of warfare involving nuclear weapons. The changes in ozone layer, climate, and changes in earth heating (or cooling) caused by nuclear explosions are discussed with possible implications for public health and agricultural activities.

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This paper consists of the inspection record of a W71 Type 5-2 weapon, Serial No. L773. The inspector determined that the unit does not contain material capable of a nuclear explosion and does not contain high explosives. The mock-up/test weapon was inspected in June, 1974 and limited life components were manufactured in February, 1972.

This report describes and presents the results of an analysis of the performance of the infrared acquisition system for a Self-Initiated Antiaircraft Missile (SIAM). A description of the optical system is included, and models of target radiant intensity, atmospheric transmission, and background radiance are given. Acquisition probabilities are expressed in terms of the system signal-to-noise ratio. System performance against aircraft and helicopter targets is analyzed, and background discrimination techniques are discussed. 17 refs., 22 figs., 6 tabs.

The SIEX computer program is a steady state heat transfer code developed to provide thermal performance calculations for a mixed-oxide fuel element in a fast neutron environment. Fuel restructuring, fuel-cladding heat conduction and fission gas release are modeled to provide assessment of the temperatures. Modeling emphasis has been placed on correlations to measurable quantities from EBR-II irradiation tests and the inclusion of these correlations in a physically based computational scheme. SIEX is completely modular in construction allowing the user options for material properties and correlated models. Required code input is limited to geometric and environmental parameters, with a ``consistant`` set of material properties and correlated models provided by the code. The development of physically based correlations to model certain of the phenomana has resulted in a computer program which provides reliable estimates of thermal performance characteristics, yet requires a small amount of core storage and computer running time.

The intensity and spectral characteristics of x-ray emitted from laser-produced plasmas have been investigated computatinoally and experimentally. a two-dimensional implosi code was used successfully to calculate laser-plasma radiation characteristics and to aid in the design of laser targets for high-yield x-ray production. Other computer codes, in use or under development predict lime strengths and energies for laser-plasma x-ray emission. An experimental effort is aimed at reliable measurements of x-ray yields and spectra. a wide variety of x-ray detection methods have been evaluated, and x-ray yields have been measured from plasmas produced with two dissimilar laser systems. The high energy x-ray spectrum, from about 10 to 140 keV, has been studied using high-gain scintillatino detectors and thick K-edge filters. Various supplementary measurements have provided information concerning characteristics of the target-reflected laser light, the ion energies, and the laser intensity patterns.

Tasks are reported that were done in assistance to the Atlantic Richfield Hanford Company in the area of process technology and development, and in assistance to the Hanford Plant in the areas of environmental evaluations, radiation protection, and radiation standards and engineering.

Environmental levels of {sup 129}I and natural {sup 127}I have been measured by neutron activation analysis .on samples from throughout the United States at locations near and remote from release points . Highest {sup 129}I concentrations were observed near nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities. Levels of {sup 129}I above natural iodine background were observed at all locations studied. The sample data establishes baseline levels of environmental {sup 129}I for the expanding nuclear industry.

The purpose of this study was threefold: To examine a large body of in-reactor data for UO{sub 2} pellet fuel where internal temperatures have been measured, and to estimate fuel surface temperature, cladding inner temperature, and thus gap conductance under a consistent set of assumptions. To estimate the variance (due to experimental uncertainties) in the inferred gap conductance values. To attempt a correlation of the gap conductance values with design parameters and operating conditions (e.g., with cold diametral gap and local linear power).

Numerous tasks are reported that were done in assistance to the Atlantic Richfield Hanford Company in the area of process technology, and in assistance to the Hanford Plant in the areas of environmental evaluations, radiation protection, and radiation standards and engineering.

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Progress is reported in a number of projects related to process chemistry, chemical technology, chemistry instrumentation, and pilot plant development, as well as miscellaneous staff projects.

The heating and loss of plasmas have been studied in three pulsed, toroidal multipole devices: a large levitated octupole, a small supported octupole and a very .small supported quadrupole. Plasmas are produced by gun injection and heated by electron and ion cyclotron resonance heating and ohmic heating. Electron cyclotron heating rates have been measured over a wide range of parameters, and the results are in quantitative agreement with stochastic heating theory. Electron cyclotron resonance heating produces ions with energies larger than predicted by theory. With the addition of a toroidal field, ohmic heating gives densities as high as 10{sup 13}cm{sup -3} in the toroidal quadrupole and 10{sup 12}cm{sup -3} in the small octupole. Plasma losses for n=5 x 10{sup 9}cm{sup -3} plasmas are inferred from Langmuir probe and Fabry-Perot interferometer measurements, and measured with special striped collectors on the wall and rings. The loss to a levitated ring is measured using a modulated light beam telemeter. The confinement is better than Bohm but considerably worse than classical. Low frequency convective cells which are fixed in space are observed. These cells around the ring are diminished when a weak toroidal field is added, and loss collectors show a vastly reduced flux …

The anticipated development of advanced nuclear-radioisotope power systems has led to a reevaluation of their possible utility in earth-orbit missions of various kinds. Because such missions almost always have the option of using solar-power, a decision for nuclear power will have to be based on clear economic grounds, in most cases. However, the economic evaluation must be based on overall system factors, not on power-system cost comparisons alone. On this basis, the advanced nuclear systems can be justified for many operational missions. Examples to be discussed include synchronous-orbit commercial communications satellites and inclined-orbit navigation satellites. There is a duplicate copy

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A conceptual design study showed that standardized, shuttle-launched spacecraft serving many space missions and a wide variety of orbital conditions could be designed around the use of nuclear electric power systems. One spacecraft design was based on the use of from one to three radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTG) to provide up to 450 watts of electrical power. A second design based on a Brayton cycle alternator fueled by up to three of the same RTG heat sources meets power requirements from 5000 to 2000 watts. Both spacecraft provide adequate weight, volume, and mounting surfaces for most of the payloads anticipated in the 1980 decade. A key to the broad applicability of the designs is the use of waste heat from the radioisotope heat sources to provide a benign environment for all internal equipment in all orbits with minimal spacecraft changes. Economic analysis indicated that the development cost of such spacecraft would be amortized over very few missions, with significant savings thereafter. There are three copies in the file.

A superconductive energy storage magnet which is connected to the three phase power system could be designed, constructed, and placed in operation at Fermilab which would essentially eliminate the large repetitive power pulses now required from the power system. In addition to the power pulses, voltage flicker is also caused due to the reactive power pulsation. Specifically, a one megawatt hour superconductive energy storage magnet and a 2.00 megawatt thyristorized converter can achieve nullification of these power pulses up to 400 GEV synchrotron operation. Above 400 GEV, operation should be possible up to 500 GEV with appreciable less power pulsing requirements from the system than are now considered permissible. Carried to successful completion, this project would serve to advance applied superconductivity to a highly significant degree. The effect would be of world wide importance to both high energy physics and to the electric power industry. The preliminary magnet design is a 1 MWh dipole composed of cryogenically stable composite conductors connected in parallel with aluminum shield windings. The shield windings carry impressed pulsed currents while eliminating pulsed currents from the dc superconductive windings. Without pulsed currents or pulsed magnetic fields there are no ac losses in standard helium. The major …

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Two-dimensional computer simulations studied plasma heating by electron plasma waves. The results emphasize the importance of nonlinear steepening of the density profile near the critical density. A typical simulation result is presented in order to illustrate these profile modifications. It is shown that large dc magnetic field generation is an inherent property of the absorption of obliquely-incident light. (MOW)

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