An analytical trajectory and aerothermodynamic analysis of a satellite containing a Task 2 thermoelectric generator was completed. A 300-statute mile circular polar orbit was used for this analysis and the launch was assumed to be from Vandenberg Air Force Base. Results of this study show that upon natural decay from a successful mission, the radio-cerium fuel will burn up in space at high altitude, thus only a very minor amount of radio cerium will be released to the stratosphere. A complete analyses of the fate of the radio-cerium fuel following various aborted launching attempts also was carried out. Charts summarizing the various assumed failures and locations of the fuel following failure are shown. A technical discussion of the methods used in performing the analysis is included in the report. (auth)

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The effect of very high heat fluxes on the corrosion of 1100 and 6061 aluminum alloys by water was investigated. The test conditions generally simulated those expected to exist during operation of the High-Flux lsotope Reactor. At heat fluxes between 1 and 2 x l0/sup 6/ Btu/hr-ft/sup 2/ and with coolant temperatures and velocities in the ranges of 13l to 250 deg F and 3l to 51 fps, respectively, a layer of boehmite ( alpha Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/- H/sub 2/0), which has low thermal conductivity, formed on the water-cooled aluminum surfaces during test. When only relatively thin films formed, the boehmite adhered tightly to the aluminum, but in those cases where relatively thick films formed, some boehmite spontaneously spalled from the surface. The rate at which the boehmite formed on the surface (and consequently the rate at which the aluminum temperature increased) was a function of the temperature at the specimen-water interface and the pH of the coolant. The lower the temperature and the lower the pH (in the range of 5.0 to 6.5 with HNO/sub 3/), the lower the rate of corrosion- product formation. Within the ranges investigated, pressure and flow rate were without effect, and the same results …

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The current state of knowledge relevant to biological blast effects was summarized in a selective manner. Initially, five problems of concern to those who would relate the environmental variations produced by nuclear weapons with biological response and hazard assessment were pointed out. Primary, secondary, tertiary, and miscellaneous blast effects were defined and selected interspecies experimental data of a physical and pathophysiological nature useful in estimating human response were presented. Tentative biological criteria defining safe levels of exposure were set forth as were survival curves for different conditions of exposure in Hiroshima. These were discussed along with the comparative variations in range of the free-field effects as they vary with explosive yield. The fundamental requirement for surviving seconds, minutes, and hours to abet survival for days, weeks, months, and years was emphasized along with the necessity for planning protective measures against all hazardous weapons effects as one attractive alternative for minimizing casualties and maximizing survival in the event of a nuclear war. (auth)

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The adsorptive capacities of various inorganic adsorbents and activated charcoals for krypton and xenon were determined. Columbia-G activated charcoal had the highest capacity for both krypton and xenon at pressures from 0.01 to 125 mm Hg and temperaturens from 2 to 85 deg C. If a value of 1 is assigned to the capacity of this charcoal at 28 deg C for krypton, other charcoals range from 0.63 to 0.84, molecular sieves (except 4A) from 0.11 to 0.20, and some silica genls from 0.05 to 0.07. Various othenr adsorbennts, including one variety of silica gel and molecular sieve 4A, range from 0.005 to 0.032. Molecular sienve 5A and Columbia-G charcoal adsorbed 11.5 times more xenon than krypton. Adsorption of 7.5% water by either of these adsorbents lowerend their capacity for krypton 25 to 30%, while saturating the sieve material ( approximates 15% H2O) lowered the krypton capacity 80%. (auth)

The experimental results on the oxidation of H from a He stream with CuO pellets were very close to the predicted behavior based on the mathematical model. Experimental measurements of uranyl sulfate loading rates on chloride equilibrated resin showed little variation with solution concentrations. A tentative flowsbeet was proposed for cost analysis of processing a Pebble Bed Reactor. A U-Zr plate was dissolved in nitrate-free Zirflex solution. An authentic TRIGA prototype was processed in engineering-scale equipment. Three 4- stage leacher model dissolution runs were made, two of which used 8 M HNO/sub 3/ and one used 4 M HNO/sub 3/. Flooding rates and holdup data were obtained for sieve plate pulse columns under 5% TBP - l.8 Mi Al(NO/sub 3/)/sub 3/ flowsheet conditions. A Purex waste calcination run (R-37) was made using sodium anid imagnesium to reduce sulfate volatility. (auth)

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Progress in solid state physics is reported on the following topics: theory, metals and alloys, nonmetals, reactor materials, and special projects. Twenty-one separate abstracts were prepared. (M.C.G.)

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The effects of certain pulse-shaping networks on the signal-to-noise ratio of a nuclear pulse amplifier were considered. The shaping networks discussed are: equal RC-integrating and RC-differentiating time constant, single- delay-line clipper and RC integrator, and doubledelay-line clipper and RC integrator. The effects of these networks on the signal, when high count rates and overload pulses are present, were also considered. Equations and curves were developed for the energy resolution (signal-tonoise ratio) and resolving time (related to the ability to operate at high counting rates) of the networks. Experimental results are shown for the energy resolution of the types of pulse- shaping networks considered. (auth)

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An equation of state previously used by the author is developed further and applied to geologic media. The equation is of the same form as the Murnaghan equation of state, but with the elastic constant terms replaced by the cohesive energy density (internal pressure), and the exponential term given as a sum of the Gruneisen parameter and the gaseous adiabatic exponent. Data for shock compression of silica, basalt, and dolomite are analyzed according to the equation.

An analysis has been performed to determine the heat transfer characteristics for laminar forced-convection flow in a concentric annulus with prescribed surface temperatures. Three distinct problems were considered: (a) wall temperature prescribed at both the inside and outside wall; (b) inside wall temperature prescribed and the outside wall insulated; and (c) inside wall insulated and outside wall temperature prescribed. The solution for temperature distribution was similar to that obtained by Graetz for laminar heat convection in a pipe with uniform wall temperature. Expressions are presented for heat flux, mixing cup temperature, and Nusselt number as a function of downstream position. Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions were computed for values of the ratio of the inside to the outside radii for the boundary conditions. Mixing cup temperatures, local and fully developed Nusselt numbers, and thermal entry lengths are presented graphically. The solution of Problem (a) was extended to the situation in which the temperatures of the inside and outside walls of the annulus are not equal. By utilizing the method of superposition and the solutions already obtained for Problem (a), the temperature distributions were determined. By way of illustration, heat fluxes were calculated for several values of the temperature ratio (T/sub wi/-T/sub 0/)/(T …

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Ring-joint flanges were studied in thermal-cycle tests as part of the development work associated with Homogeneous Reactor Experiment No. 2 (HRE-2). The purpose of this study was to provide criteria for design, installation, and operation of joints that would remain leaktight under reactor operating temperatures and pressures. Joints ranging from 1/2 in., l500 lb to 4 in., 2500 lb and with various initial bolt loadings were cycled between room temperature and 636 deg F. It was demonstrated that when joints were made up to HRE-2 standards and specifications, leak rates of less than 0.25 x 10/sup -3/ g of water per day per inch of gasket pitch diameter could be routinely- attained. Undamaged gaskets could be reinstalled or new gaskets used with equal probability of achieving acceptable leak rates. The system installed in HRE-2 was provided with a high-pressure buffer system to ensure that the small amount of leakage to the cell would be nonradioactive. (auth)

The summary includes descriptions of serious accidents for l959 and 1960, AEC industrial injury frequency rates, criticality accidents, radiation exposures, accidents involving radioactive materials in AEC activities during 1959 and 1960, and accidents involving fatalities in AEC activities during l959 and 1960. (B.O.G.)

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A shearing tool was developed for remotely controlled severing of pipes or structural members. The shear is rotated about its axis in a wrist motion by the pumped hydraulic fluid that also powers the shear blade. It can be used in a stationary mounting or suspended from a crane. A C-shaped support for the shear was designed to pass through a small top opening of a shielded cell. The controls for manipulating the shear pass through or along the Cframe. The shear jaw opens to 5 in. in height and 7 in. in width, and the total weight of the tool is only 575 lb. It was used to cut metal sections 4 3/4 in. thick and 4-in. sched.-40 stainless steel pipe. (auth)

It is suggested that applying heat directly to a rain cloud, or to a ndoist air mass with rain potential, may alter the natural precipitation in a given geographical region. The immediate effect of the heat is to increase the buoyancy of the cloud or air parcel. The result, which depends on a number of interrelated factors may be either to cause precipitation where it would not naturally occur, or to suppress precipitation where it would naturally occur. Several possible applications are suggested. Since the heat supplied is supplemented by the latent heat resulting from condensation in the moist air mass, the results may more than justify the cost. However, substantial amounts of heat are involved. The heat can be supplied from fossil fuels, nuclear reactions, or a combination of both; but the logistics favor the use of large nuclear reactors wherever safety criteria can be met. Not only the efficiency and economics of the process, but also its feasibility, can be finally decided only on the basis of information that is not now available. (auth)

A titanium pump loop, designed to circulate aqueous solutions at temperatures and pressures up to 370 deg C and 3000 psia, was constructed. It is to be used to study the chemical stability of uranyl sulfate fuel solutions of interest to the Fluid Fuels Reactor Program. The total loop voluime was minimized so that about 2 liters uf solution was sufficient for loop operation. The equipment includes a sampling system to remove solution samples from the loop while operating at elevated temperature and pressure; a hydroclone to separate and remove any solids and/or heavyphase material formed; and provisions for installation of corrosion test specimens in the main loop stream. All equipment performed satisfactorily at design conditions in tests with water. (auth)

The electrolytic dissolution of zirconium in HCl-methanol was studied as a function of potential, solution composition, and temperature. The dissolution is characterized by two regions. At high potentials the zirconium is electropolished and complete dissolution is achieved. At low potentials the current is an exponential function of the potential (Tafel behavior). In this region a small amount of finely divided alpha -zirconium which is insoluble in HCl-methanol separates from the bulk metal. The energy of activation for the corrosion reaction (0.0 volt) is 16.5 kcal/mole; in the electropolishing region (1.0 volt) the activation energy is 7.7 kcal/mole. A broad solvent capability for metallic reactor fuels is offered by the HCl-methanol medium since, in addition to zirconium, stainless steel is also dissolved electrolytically while uranium and aluminum dissolve chemically. Other process implications are discussed. (auth)