A separate induction accelerator buncher following after the storage rings is one of the options for final bunch compression. The other option is to apply the bunching voltage within the ring, but this requires a low-frequency, high gradient accelerating structure within the ring and a large aperture, which are difficult to do and undesirable. The induction accelerator buncher option here differs from the bunching function in a standard induction accelerator scenario in that here, a separate buncher is required, whereas in the induction linac the bunching function is accomplished by ramping the acceleration voltages near the end of the machine. This is a minor difference, but one that allows consideration of a bipolar buncher, which has no net acceleration. The other major difference is that the currents per beam to be bunched are smaller than in the straight induction linac, permitting use of transversely smaller, and hence less expensive, structures.

This Subsystem Design Requirement (SSDR) establishes the performance, design, development, and test requirements for the Target Area Auxiliary Subsystems (WBS 1.8.6), which is part of the NIF Target Experimental System (WBS 1.8). This document responds directly to the requirements detailed in NIF Target Experimental System SDR 003 document. Key elements of the Target Area Auxiliary Subsystems include: WBS 1.8.6.1 Local Utility Services; WBS 1.8.6.2 Cable Trays; WBS 1.8.6.3 Personnel, Safety, and Occupational Access; WBS 1.8.6.4 Assembly, Installation, and Maintenance Equipment; WBS 1.8.6.4.1 Target Chamber Service System; WBS 1.8.6.4.2 Target Bay Service Systems.

This document contains historical calculations originally published in the 242-A Evaporator Dangerous Waste Permit Application, DOE/RL-90-42, Rev 0. They are being released as a supporting document, along with brief explanatory information, to be used as a reference in Rev 1 of the permit application and in other supporting documents, such as the 242-A Evaporator Data Quality Objectives.

Flywheels have the possibility of providing high turnaround efficiency and high specific power output. These characteristics are very important for the successful manufacture of parallel and series hybrid vehicles, which have the potential for providing high fuel economy and very low emissions with range and performance comparable to today`s light-duty vehicles. Flywheels have a high specific power output, but relatively low specific energy output. Therefore, it is of importance to determine energy and power requirements for flywheels applied to light-duty vehicles. Vehicle applications that require an energy storage system with high power and low energy are likely to benefit from a flywheel. In this paper, a vehicle simulation code and a flywheel model are applied to the calculation of optimum flywheel energy storage capacity for a parallel and a series hybrid vehicle. A conventional vehicle is also evaluated as a base-case, to provide an indication of the fuel economy gains that can be obtained with flywheel hybrid vehicles. The results of the analysis indicate that the optimum flywheel energy storage capacity is relatively small. This results in a low weight unit that has a significant power output and high efficiency. Emissions generated by the hybrid vehicles are not calculated, but …

The spheromak is a magnetic confinement device with a more attractive fusion reactor potential than the leading geometry, the tokamak. This results in large part from the absence of a toroidal field coil and other structures linking the plasma along the geometric axis. However, because of the lack of a strong external magnetic field, the physics is more complex so that considerable research is required to learn how to achieve the reactor potential. Several critical physics issues am considered here, including stability to low mode number magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes, energy confinement, helicity injection and current drive, the magnetic turbulence associated with this dynamo, and the beta (ratio of plasma and magnetic pressures) which can be supported in the geometry.

The environmental contamination resulting from decades of testing and manufacturing of nuclear materials for a national defense purposes is a problem now being faced by the United States. The Center for Applied Isotope Studies at the University of Georgia, in cooperation with the Westinghouse Savannah River Company and Packard Instrument Company, have developed a prototype unit for remote, near real time, in situ analysis of tritium in surface and ground water samples.

An addendum was completed to the performance assessment (PA) analysis for the active 200 West Area low-level solid waste burial grounds. The addendum includes supplemental information developed during the review of the PA analysis, an ALARA analysis, a comparison of PA results with the Hanford Groundwater Protection Strategy, and a justification for the assumption of 500 year deterrence to the inadvertent intruder.

Pyrite becomes hydrophobic upon superficial oxidation and floats without a collector. The flotation begins to occur at potentials above the stable potentials identified by the chronoamperometry experiments conducted with freshly fractured pyrite. This finding suggests that iron polysulfide, formed during the initial stages of oxidation, is responsible for the flotation. The collectorless flotation is suppressed above the potential where the mineral is aggressively oxidized, forming iron hydroxide and soluble sulfoxy species. The collectorless flotation is less significant at pH 9.2 than at pH 4.6, possibly due to the formation of iron hydroxide. At pH 9.2, the collectorless flotation increases in the presence of EDTA and hydrocarbon oil. The collectorless flotation of pyrite can be suppressed by galvanically coupling the mineral with reactive metals such as aluminum, manganese, and zinc. This effectively prevents the mineral from oxidation. The microflotation tests conducted with mono-sized pyrite samples show that the collectorless flotation can be suppressed effectively in the presence of metal powders. Bench-scale flotation experiments conducted using Denver laboratory flotation cell and a 2-inch diameter Microcel flotation column, also demonstrates that the collectorless flotation can be suppressed in the presence of the reactive metals. It has been established that the most important parameters …

One serious challenge for hadron calorimeters is setting the absolute calibration. Electromagnetic calorimeters in a magnetic spectrometer have the momentum of electrons to calibrate against. In addition, at hadron colliders, Z supplies a narrow resonance to determine calibrations. No such well-measured processes have been available in the past for hadron calorimeters. In high energy collisions, high Pt hadrons are not normally isolated, rather appearing as part of jets. Contamination of the energy scale by unmeasured neutrals or by leakage from adjacent particles is always a concern. There are low cross section processes that possess jets of well understood energy, for example a high pt Z recoiling off of a single jet. The high energy and luminosity of the LHC may supply enough of these events for quantities useful for calibration. In this paper we outline the possibility for doing in situ calibration using Z recoiling off of a jet events, and {ital t{anti t}} events. We also comment on the more conventional possibilities of using muons and energy-flow to calibrate.

The purpose of the study is to collect and analyze samples of the indoor air at the Transuranic Storage and Assay Facility (TRUSAF), Westinghouse Hanford. A modified US EPA TO-14 methodology, using gas chromatography/mass spectrography, may be used for the collection and analysis of the samples. The information obtained will be used to estimate the total release of volatile organic compounds from TRUSAF to determine the need for air emmission permits.

Acceptance for test for RFAR installation for facility fire alarm and suppression system.

A series of CuMgCeO{sub x} catalysts have been prepared. Range of Cu dispersion, determined by N{sub 2}O titration, was 19-48% and are among the highest reported in the literature for Cu-based methanol and higher alcohol synthesis catalysts. Kinetics of MeOH and EtOH coupling reactions on Cu/ZnO and K-Cu/MgO/CeO{sub 2} catalysts indicate that Cu promotes alcohol dehydrogenation. Acetaldehyde is a reactive intermediate. High-pressure isobutanol synthesis studies have been carried out on K- and Cs-promoted Cu/MgO/CeO{sub 2} catalysts. The K promoter is more active than Cs for CO conversion, but the Cs promoter activates the C{sub 1} to C{sub 2} step more effectively. Catalysts with high alkali loading resulted in low conversions. Temperature programmed surface reaction studies of MeOH, EtOH, and acetaldehyde on MgO/CeO{sub 2}-based Cu catalysts show evolution of acetone, crotonaldehyde, methyl ethyl ketone, H2, carbon oxides. Neither EtOH nor acetaldehyde produces propionaldehyde or 1- propanol, suggesting that these C{sub 3} species can only form via reactions involving C{sub 1} and C{sub 2} oxygenate species.

The purpose of this waste analysis plan (WAP) is to document the waste

The authors present several innovations in a method for monotonic reconstructions. It is based on the application of constrained minimization techniques for the imposition of monotonicity on a reconstruction. In addition, they present extensions of several classical TVD limiters to a genuinely multidimensional setting. In this case the linear least squares reconstruction method is expanded upon. They also clarify data dependent weighting techniques used with the minimization process.

During the second semi-annual period, promotion of oxygen desorption to enhance direct NO decomposition over Tb-Pt/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} catalyst has been studied. Promotion of oxygen desorption at low temperatures holds the key to the development of an effective NO decomposition catalyst. Addition of Tb-oxide to Pt/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} allows oxygen from dissociated NO to desorb at 593 K which is significantly lower than the reported oxygen desorption temperatures for Pt catalysts. Combined temperature-programmed desorption/reaction with in situ infrared study reveals that desorbed oxygen is produced from decomposition of chelating bidentate nitrato which may be resulted from the reaction of adsorbed oxygen on Pt and adsorbed NO on Tb-oxide. The Tb-promoted Pt/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} catalyst which possess oxygen desorption capability at low temperatures shows the activity for decomposition of NO to N{sub 2}, N{sub 2}O, and O{sub 2} at 723 K.

This document is the 45-day laboratory report for tank 241-AN-105 push mode core segments collected between June 10, 1996 and June 28, 1996. The segments were subsampled and analyzed in accordance with the Tank 241-AN-105 Push Mode Core Sampling and analysis Plan (TSAP) and the Safety Screening Data Quality Objective (DQO). The analytical results are included in the data summary table. None of the samples submitted for Total Alpha Activity or Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analyses exceeded notification limits as stated in the Safety Screening DQO. Statistical evaluation on results by calculating the 95% upper confidence limit is not performed by the 222-S Laboratory and is not considered in this report. Primary safety screening results and the raw data from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and DSC analyses are included in this report.

Consideration of different driver and target requirements for inertial fusion energy (IFE) power plants together with the potential energy gains of direct and indirect-drive targets leads to different optimal combinations of driver and target options for each type of target. In addition, different fusion chamber concepts are likely to be most compatible with these different driver and target combinations. For example, heavy-ion drivers appear to be well matched to indirect=drive targets with all-liquid-protected-wall chambers requiring two-sided illuminations, while diode-pumped, solid- state laser drivers are better matched to direct-drive targets with chambers using solid walls or flow-guiding structures to allow spherically symmetric illuminations. R&D on the critical issues of drivers, targets, and chambers for both direct and indirect-drive options should be pursued until the ultimate gain of either type of target for IFE is better understood.

In infrared-stable fixed-point field theories, the interaction energy of a test particle is proportional to the non-relativistic (heavy source) coordinate-space potential derived from the field strength produced by that source. This is no longer true in ultraviolet-stable fixed-point field theories (UVSFPFT) as they may not have a finite infrared fixed point. This leads to the possibility that UVSFPFTs may have quite conventional field strength distributions despite the unusual spatial dependence expected for the interaction energy.

Waste receipts to the double-shell tank system are analyzed and wastes through the year 2015 are projected based on generation trends of the past 12 months. A computer simulation of site operations is performed, which results in projections of tank fill schedules, tank transfers, evaporator operations, tank retrieval, and aging waste tank usage. This projection incorporates current budget planning and the clean-up schedule of the Tri-Party Agreement. Assumptions were current as of June 1996.

This evaluation designates the waste receipt, storage, assay, and shiping portions of WRAP I as a Limited Control Facility. The technical basis for this designation comes from CSERs in other facilities The limits and controls for this CSER come from other facilities. This is deemed sufficient, since any fissile material being received at WRAP I, will come from those facilities, and as long as the limits for limited control are maintained, the areas considered in this CSER can be designated appropriately.

Testing will determine if an ignition occurs during the drop of a Universal Sampler onto a push-mode bit in a flammable gas environment. Ten drops each of the sampler using both a push-mode and rotary mode insert onto a push-mode bit will be completed. If an ignition does not occur under the conditions set forth in this test, then a satisfactory level of confidence will be obtained which would allow field operations using these inserts and drill bit.

The overall objective of the research program is to explore the potential application of a new invention involving a multistage column equipped with vortex-inducing contactors (hereafter referred to as the multistage column) for fine coal cleaning process. The research work will identify the design parameters and their effects on the performance of the separation process. the results of this study will provide an engineering basis for further development of this technology in coal cleaning and in the general areas of fluid/particle separation. In the last quarter, we performed data analysis of the bubble sizes using a model based on the unified proportionally equation. In this quarter, we continue to carry our the wastewater treatment tests program, initiated in the last quarter, to demonstrate the multifunction features of the multistage column.

A program was conducted at PSI Energy`s Gibson Generating Station to evaluate options for achieving high sulfur dioxide (SO{sub 2}) removal efficiency with the Unit 5 wet limestone flue gas desulfurization (FGD) system. This program was one of six conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy to evaluate low-capital-cost upgrades to existing FGD systems as a means for utilities to comply with the requirements of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA). The Gibson FGD system employs four absorber modules of the Kellogg/Weir horizontal gas flow design and uses limestone reagent with two additives. Dolomitic lime is added to introduce magnesium to increase liquid-phase alkalinity, and sulfur is added to inhibit sulfite oxidation. The high-efficiency options tested involved using sodium formate or dibasic acid (DBA) as a performance additive, increasing the absorber liquid-to-gas ratio (L/G), and/or increasing the limestone reagent stoichiometry. The unit changed coal sources during the test program. However, the Electric Power Research Institute`s (EPRI) FGD PRocess Integration and Simulation Model (FGDPRISM) was calibrated to the system and used to compare options on a consistent basis. An economic analysis was then done to determine the cost-effectiveness of each high-efficiency option. The results from this program are summarized below.

The objective of the work discussed in this report is to determine if soil washing is a feasible method to remediate contaminated soils from the Hazardous Waste Management Facility (HWMF) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The contaminants are predominantly Cs-137 and Sr-90. The authors have assumed that the target activity for Cs-137 is 50 pCi/g and that remediation is required for soils having greater activities. Cs-137 is the limiting contaminant because it is present in much greater quantities than Sr-90. This work was done in three parts, in which they: estimated the volume of contaminated soil as a function of Cs-137 content, determined if simple removal of the fine grained fraction of the soil (the material that is less than 0.063 mm) would effectively reduce the activity of the remaining soil to levels below the 50 pCi/g target, assessed the effectiveness of chemical and mechanical (as well as combinations of the two) methods of soil decontamination. From this analysis the authors were then able to develop a cost estimate for soil washing and for a baseline against which soil washing was compared.