The speaker describes the Nak Chö ritual practiced by their ancestors on the maternal side. They raise a pig for a year in the name of their parental deity. When the time for the ritual comes, they carry the pig to Kudung village in Tawang district, Arunachal Pradesh, India and sacrifice it. They stopped practicing the pig sacrifice ritual when their grandmother pass away.

This recording shows the change in construction methods and materials in Thragom village. This block was made by workers and local community members. In the past, house construction was a community affair where everyone lent their hand. In this case, the construction of the house is given to the lowest bidder.

Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She describes her pilgrimage to Buddha Gaya, a Buddhist temple in Bihar, India. First, she walked to Trashigang, in the middle of Trashigang Dzong courtyard. From Trashigang she took a truck. She says that almost all the elders in her village went together and almost all of them died, except for 6 of them. It took them a week to reach Buddha Gaya. They took their rations and cooked using firewood. The glaring difference she discusses is that now, there is no fencing around the Bodhi tree. They were allowed to get inside the Mahabodhi temple without any trouble. They did inner circulation on the second floor of Mahabodhi temple, which is impossible now.

Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She describes her pilgrimage to Buddha Gaya, a Buddhist temple in Bihar, India. They stayed in the way in the open fields on their way to Buddha Gaya by truck. Others took Ngultrum 700 for their trip to Buddha Gaya. From Trashigang district, they took a Bhutanese truck through Rangiya, Hasimara, and Siliguri on the way.

Recording of an elicitation of words with closed long syllables (CVVC) in different positions. The purpose is to determine the relative weight of closed long syllables for primary word stress placement. The contributor is Gohar-Ur Rehman (a 38-year old male shop owner).

This is an interview about traditional health practices in the Lai community. The interviewee, born in 1975, is originally from Falam and speaks Hakha and Kawl. Interviews were collected as part of the Linguistically Underserved Communities and Health (LUCAH) project, which aims to make health information more accessible and culturally relevant for the Chin refugee community in order to ensure that they are getting clear and accurate information.

This is a conversation initially between Munni, her sister, Maaz, and his uncle when they visit her home in Ladhuwāī̃ village. Munni is the wife of Naushad, who has worked with the Maaz’s family for several decades. After a while, Mr. Naushad arrives, and he too joins the conversation.

This is a conversation between four people in Sonwārā, the researcher’s village. Maaz, accompanied by his cousin Noman, visits Shahida Bano to document some folk songs mostly sung on the occasion of marriages. Rehana Bano—the neighbor of Shahida Bano—on noticing some folksongs being sung and recording taking place, joins the gathering at the request of Shahida. Maaz and Noman then ask her to brief them on topics such as changing times, a description of the demography of the village Sonwārā, the languages/ varieties spoken by Muslims and Hindus. Meanwhile, Maaz—on having noticed Shahida’s language to match with Bhojpuri than Azamgarhi—starts records the ongoing conversation. Shahida then extends the conversation to cover family members and some significant events along with some personal narratives. While Shahida Bano talks in Bhojpuri, the other people converse in Azamgarhi.

This is a performance of a traditional song by the title ‘Dulahē kī ammā’ (Eng. O the mother of the bridegroom). In this song, the bridegroom’s mother is asked to bless her son on this auspicious marriage occasion. Such folksongs are of great significance to the community; however, until recently, their popularity and importance have started dwindling because of the penetration of urban culture into rural society. This folksong is in the Eastern dialect of Urdu.

This is a performance of a traditional song by the title ‘Dulahē kī ammā’ (Eng. O the mother of the bridegroom). In this song, the bridegroom’s mother is asked to bless her son on this auspicious marriage occasion. Such folksongs are of great significance to the community; however, until recently, their popularity and importance have started dwindling because of the penetration of urban culture into rural society. This folksong is in the Eastern dialect of Urdu.

This is a performance of a traditional song by the title ‘Dulahē tērī ãkhiā̃’ (Eng. O bridegroom, your eyes) sung on the occasion of marriage. It praises the beauty of the bridegroom and his costume. Such songs are of great significance to the community; however, until recently, their popularity and importance have started dwindling because of the penetration of urban culture into rural society.

This is a performance of a traditional song by the title ‘Dulahē tērī ãkhiā̃’ (Eng. O bridegroom, your eyes) sung on the occasion of marriage. It praises the beauty of the bridegroom and his costume. Such songs are of great significance to the community; however, until recently, their popularity and importance have started dwindling because of the penetration of urban culture into rural society.

This is a photograph of Shahida Bano reciting a folk song which is being recorded by a recorder in Sonwara village of Azamgarh.

This is a photograph of Toofani Kaka.

This is a photograph of Toofani Kaka with Maaz Shaikh.

This is a retelling of the story of Raja Janmejai and of the King and Queen of Mehnagar narrated by Toofani Kaka

This is an address by the chairperson in the beginning of a formal meeting. It gives participants an idea what the meeting is about.

This is a demonstration about how to teach mathematics in the beginner class.

This is a talk on the various activities of Bathou Educational Foundation. He discusses textbooks, cultural calendar and value education for Bathou Ashram schools.

This is a talk on the purpose of a formal meeting and contains a background of teachers' training workshop by Bathou Educational Foundation.

Formal speech concluding a teachers' workshop expressing gratitude to the participants and organizers.

This is a monologue by Khurshaid Bibi (a 50-year old female) about a woman who lives with her two daughters. One day two men come to the said woman's home at night and try to kidnap her. She kills the kidnappers and gets a prize the next day.

This is a monologue by Khurshaid Bibi (a 50-year old female) about a woman who lives with her two daughters. One day two men come to the said woman's home at night and try to kidnap her. She kills the kidnappers and gets a prize the next day.

Dhian describes each picture of the Jackal and the Crow, a picture-based stimulus task. He tells the whole story, and then tells the story from the crow’s perspective. The recording was made at his home in Reckong Peo (Chhitkul Bhawan, at the back of his shop, Negi Electronics).